16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 1 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gAPA 6th referencingGuide InformationLastUpdated:Sep 22, 2013Guide URL: http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/apareferencingDescription: A guide to APA referencing (6th edition)Tags: apa, bibliography, citations, citing,reference_list, referencingRSS: Subscribe to Updates via RSSGuide IndexIntroductionCiting Using APAReferencing BooksReferencing Journal ArticlesReferencing Magazines or NewspapersReferencing ReportsReferencing Web pagesReferencing ConferencesReferencing DVDs, Videos or CD-ROMsImages/Tables/FiguresLegal materialOther MediaInformation not knownAPA online tutorialsIntroductionNeed More Help!For more help contact Te Puna Ako Learning Centre Mt Albert Campus Tel09 815 4321 Ext. 8611.Waitakere Campus Tel09 815 4321 Ext. 5094.Northern Campus Tel09 815 4321 Ext. 5623.IntroductionStaff and students of Unitec are responsible for acknowledging the sources used when writing research articles, books,assignments and projects. You must acknowledge what you have read in order to avoid plagiarism, and so that:readers of your work can find the original sources you usedthe authors of the original sources you used are given credit for their workyour own research and ideas are clearly evident and you are given credit for your workyour work has credibility in the larger realm of scholarly knowledgeThere are two parts to acknowledging another's work within your own:1.You use an in text citation in the main body of your work that has some brief information about the source.2.You provide the complete information about the source at the end of your work in the form of a list of references orbibliography.The way in which these two parts are laid out is determined by a bibliographic style. Each department at Unitec requires youto use a particular style for citations and references. Your department may have their own handbook that you can use as aguide.The most common styles and some examples of citations and references are found in this guide. The library has a numberof published style guides available in the Reference Collection and some Unitec departments produce style booklets.If you require more help with referencing than this guide can provide please contact Te Puna Ako on ext 8611. PlagiarismWhat is Plagiarism?Unitec considers plagiarism a serious academic offence. Unitec's Academic Statute 2005 (Part E. 1.01 (b)) definesplagiarism as "the act of taking and using another person's thoughts, ideas, writings, inventions or work as one's own withoutproper acknowledgement and includes:i. copying the work of another student;ii. directly copying any part of another's work, includinginformation obtained from the internet;iii. summarising another's work;iv. using experimental results obtained by another"16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 2 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gConsequences of PlagiarismIf you are caught plagiarising, there are a range of disciplinary actions that can be taken against you, from a reduced gradefor the assignment to being excluded from any Unitec programme of study.How do I avoid plagiarism?Take carefulnotes of where you find your information and always acknowledge the work of others, whether it be:selections of textquotationsgraphicstablesfiguresgraphs or diagramsIf you:regularly make photocopies from books or journalarticlesprint out articles from databases, web pagesscan graphs, diagrams, photographs, artworkremember to note down the details you will need to cite the information in your assignment. The details you need may differdepending on what bibliographic style your department requires, but the minimal information to record should include:Who is responsible for the work eg. the author, designerThe name of the work eg. a titleWhen it was produced eg. the publishing dateWhen you accessed the information eg. for material from the webYou may find it usefulto use bibliographic management software like EndNote to manage your references and citations.Back to TopCiting Using APAStyle Guides & Books Available in the LibraryPublication manual of the American Psychological Association 6th edCall Number: 808.06615 PUBISBN: 1433805596http://libsearch.unitec.ac.nz:1701/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&frbg=&tab=default_tab&srt=rank&ct=search&mode=Basic&dum=true&indx=1&tb=t&fn=search&vid=unitec&vl(freeText0)=1433805596APA StyleThe American Psychological Association referencing style is known as an "author-date" style because the authoris given first, followed by the date and other information when citing in the text and in the reference list.In-text citations When using another's ideas or words in your assignment or project, you should include an in-text citation to theoriginal work.Example of a direct quote (of fewer than 40 words)Lampkin (1990) states that good root storage "depends on minimising handling damage, soil and topcontamination and poor tapping" (p. 409).Keegan and Green (2013) states "a free trade area (FTA) is formed when two or more countries agree toeliminate tarriffs and other barriers that restrict trade" (p. 69).ORGood root storage "depends on minimising handling damage, soil and top contamination and poor tapping"(Lampkin, 1990, p. 409). "A free trade area (FTA) is formed when two or more countries agree to eliminate tarriffs and other barriers thatrestrict trade" (Keegan & Green, 2013, p. 69). Example of in-text citations where different authors have the same surnameIf you use references where two different primary authors have the same surname you need to include the initials16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 3 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gof the primary author in allin-text citations, even if the dates of the publications are different.E.g. To ensure that root storage is good you should handle them as little a possible to prevent damage, poortapping or contamination of the soil (R. H. Lampkin, 1990, p. 409).&When planting material that has been stored ensure that the roots are in good condition so as to maximise thechances of good growth (P. T. Lampkin & Tschopt, 2007, p. 15).Example of an indirect quoteIf you paraphrase (use your own words) to explain something you have read, putting the page numbers in the in-text citation is optional but including them may assist the person reading your work.To ensure that root storage is good you should handle them as little a possible to prevent damage, poor tappingor contamination of the soil (Lampkin, 1990, p. 409).ORTo ensure that root storage is good you should handle them as little a possible to prevent damage, poor tappingor contamination of the soil (Lampkin, 1990).Example of a quote from an item that does not have page numbersIf you are quoting from an item that does not have page numbers eg. a web page or html file, you should statewhich paragraph the quote comes from.Lampkin (1990) states that good root storage "depends on minimising handling damage, soil and topcontamination and poor tapping" (para. 409). Reference List At the end of your assignment, essay or project you are required to include a reference list containing the full details of eachsource. The list should be in alphabeticalorder and include the author/editor, date, title and publication information. If areference goes over more than one line, the second and subsequent lines must be indented five spaces.Back to TopReferencing BooksBooksAt the end of your assignment, essay or project you are required to include a reference list containing the fulldetails of each source. The list should be in alphabetical order and include the author/editor, date, title andpublication information. References over one line long should use a hanging indent to indent the second andfollowing lines. One AuthorStanley-Baker, J. (2000). Japanese art. London, England: Thames and Hudson Ltd.In-text citation(Stanley-Baker, 2000) Two AuthorsPress, F., & Siever, R. (1998). Understanding earth (2nd ed.). New York, NY: W. H. Freedman and Company.In-text citation (Press & Siever, 1998) Three to Five AuthorsIllston, J. M., Dinwood, J. M., & Smith, A. A. (1979). Concrete, timber, and metals: The nature and behaviour of structured materials. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold. First In-text citation (Illston, Dinwood, & Smith, 1979)Subsequent in- text citation (Illston et al., 1979) Six or Seven Authors16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 4 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gAlfredson, K., Leo, K., Picker, R., Loftus, J., Clark, K., & Wise, V. (2009).Applying international financial reporting standards (2nd ed.). Milton, Australia: Wiley.In-text (Alfredson et al., 2009) Eight or more Authors [List the first six authors, then an ellipsis (i.e. three dots), then the last author in the reference.]Standing, S., Ellis, H., Healy, J. C., Johanson, D., Williams, A., Collins, P., . . . Shah, P. (Eds.). (2004). Gray's anatomy: The anatomical basis of clinical practice (39th ed.). Edinburgh, Scotland: Churchill Livingston.In-text citation (Standing et al., 2008) Book with Corporate author British Pharmacopoeia Commission. (2005). British pharmacopoeia. London, England: Stationery Office.In-text citation (British Pharmacopoeia Commission, 2005) Author is the same as the Publisher American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington, DC: Author.In text citation (American Psychological Association, 2001) Edited Book Saxton, D. F. (Ed.). (1999). Comprehensive review of nursing in NCLEX-RN (16th ed.). St Louis, MO: Mosby.In text citation (Saxton, 1999) Chapter from an Edited Book Browne, T. (1995). The role of geographical information systems in hydrology. In I. Foster, A. Burnel, & B. Webb (Eds.), Sediment and water quality in river catchments (pp. 33-48). Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons.In text citation (Browne, 1995) Electronic Books A book from a database Knutson, J. (2001). Project management for business professionals: A comprehensive guide. Retrieved from Ebrary database.In text citation (Knutson, 2001). A book from the internet Arnold, S. E. (2005). The Google legacy. Available from http://www.infonortics.com/publications/google/google-legacy.htmlIn text citation (Arnold, 2005)16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 5 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gThings to rememberAuthors' names : Authors' names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M. Editors' names : If you are referencing the whole book the editors' name should be Surname, Initial. Initial,e.g. Walker, S. J.If however you are referencing a chapter of an edited book the editors' name should be Initial. Initial. Surname.eg.In S. J. Walker (Ed.). Italics : Only the book title should be in italics.If you are referencing a chapter in a book, the title of thechapter should not be in italics. Capitalization : The first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the first letter of thefirst word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper noun or an abbreviationthat is always written in capitals. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read a book by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971) inwhich he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss book.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. London: Routledge.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2) Back to TopReferencing Journal ArticlesJournal ArticlesAt the end of your assignment, essay or project you are required to include a reference list containing the fulldetails of each source. The list should be in alphabetical order and include the author/editor, date, title andpublication information. References over one line long should use a hanging indent to indent the second andfollowing lines. ARTICLES FROM A PRINT JOURNALArticle with a DOI:Sie, I., Thorstad, M., & Andersen, B. M. (2008). Infection controland methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in nursing homes in Oslo. Journal of HospitalInfection, 70(3), 235-240. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2008.06.009First In-text citation (Sie, Thorstad, & Andersen, 2008)Subsequent in- text citation (Sie et al., 2008) Article without a DOI: Steele, C., & Yielder, J. (2004). Clinical supervision: Designing a model to enhance clinicallearning for medial imaging students. Journal of Diagnostic Radiography and Imaging, 5(2), 89-97.In-text citation (Steele & Yielder, 2004)16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 6 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=g ARTICLES FROM AN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL IN A SUBSCRIPTION DATABASEArticle with DOI:DOI stands for DigitalObject Identifier. Some databases and websites assign them to each article they have. Notalldatabases or websites assign DOIs to their articles. Sie, I., Thorstad, M., & Andersen, B. M. (2008). Infection controland methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in nursing homes in Oslo. Journal of HospitalInfection, 70(3), 235-240. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2008.06.009First In-text citation (Sie, Thorstad, & Andersen, 2008)Subsequent in- text citation (Sie et al., 2008) Article without a DOI:If the journalarticle does not have a DOI printed on it, you need to search the Internet for the journals websiteand reference the homepage URL.Sie, I., Thorstad, M., & Andersen, B. M. (2008). Infection controland methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in nursing homes in Oslo. Journal of Hospital Infection, 70(3), 235-240. Retrieved from http://www.elsevier.comFirst In-text citation (Sie, Thorstad, & Andersen, 2008)Subsequent in- text citation (Sie et al., 2008) ARTICLE FROM A WEB JOURNAL (not from a database) WITH NO DOIIf the journalarticle does not have a DOI printed on it, you need to reference the homepage URL of the journal.Curry, L., Hogstel, M., Frable, P., & Walker, C. (2004). Bone health among aging baby boomers. The Internet Journal of Advanced Nursing Practice. 6(2). Retrieved from http://www.ispub.com/ journal.html?journal_slug=the_internet_ journal_of_advanced_nursing_practice&commit=Go+to+journalFirst In-text citation (Curry, Hogstel, Frabel, & Walker, 2005)Subsequent in- text citation (Curry et al., 2005)Things to rememberAuthors, names : Authors names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M. Multiple authors: The same rules apply as for books. Italics : Only the journaltitle and the volume number should be in italics. Capitalization : For an article title, the first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should thefirst letter of the first word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper noun oran abbreviation that is always written in capitals. For a journaltitle, allmajor words need to be capitalized. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read an article by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971)in which he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss article.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. Journal of Football Societies,16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 7 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=g34(3), 1-8.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2) Back to TopReferencing Magazines or NewspapersMagazine or Newspaper ArticlesAt the end of your assignment, essay or project you are required to include a reference list containing the fulldetails of each source. The list should be in alphabetical order and include the author/editor, date, title andpublication information. References over one line long should use a hanging indent to indent the second andfollowing lines. ARTICLES FROM A MAGAZINEKantor, J. (2005, May/June). Snack attack. Psychology Today, 38(3), 20.In-text citation(Kantor, 2005) ARTICLES FROM A NEWSPAPERPrint versionOrsman, B., & Vaughan, G. (2005, June 21). Rat blamed for latest Telecom blackout. The New Zealand Herald. p. A3.In-text citation (Orsman & Vaughan, 2005) Internet versionOrsman, B., & Vaughan, G. (2005, June 21). Rat blamed for latest Telecom blackout. The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved from http://www.nzherald.co.nz In-text citation (Orsman & Vaughan, 2005) Electronic version taken from a subscription database If the article does not have a DOI printed on it, you need to search the Internet for the journals website andreference the homepage URL.Orsman, B., & Vaughan, G. (2005, June 21). Rat blamed for latest Telecom blackout. The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved from http://www.nzherald.co.nz In-text citation (Orsman & Vaughan, 2005) NEWSPAPER ARTICLE WITH NO AUTHORBurst watermain leaves suburb dry. (2005, June 21). The New Zealand Herald. p. A4. In-text citation ("Burst watermain leaves suburb dry," 2005).Subsequent in-text citation ("Burst watermain," 2005).Things to rememberAuthors' names : Authors names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M. Multiple authors: The same rules apply as for books.

Italics : Only the magazine or newspaper title and the volume number should be in italics.16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 8 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=g Capitalization : For the article title, the first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as shouldthe first letter of the first word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper nounor an abbreviation that is always written in capitals. For a newspaper or magazine title, allmajor words need tobe capitalized. Date : In addition to putting in the year an article is published you may need to put in the month and day ofpublication.The formate must alway be (Year, Month day). Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read an article by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971)in which he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss article.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. Journal of Football Societies,34(3), 1-8.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2)Back to TopReferencing ReportsReportsAt the end of your assignment, essay or project you are required to include a reference list containing the fulldetails of each source. The list should be in alphabetical order and include the author/editor, date, title andpublication information. References over one line long should use a hanging indent to indent the second andfollowing lines. GOVERNMENT REPORT PRINTMinistry of Health. (2008). Let's get real: Real skills for people working in mental health and addiction. Wellington, New Zealand: Author.In text citation (Ministry of Health, 2008) GOVERNMENT REPORT ONLINEMinistry of Health. (2008). Let's get real: Real skills for people working in mental health and addiction. Wellington, New Zealand: Author. Retrieved from http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/lets-get-real-real-skills-people- working-mental -health-and-addictionIn text citation (Ministry of Health, 2008) REPORT WITH NAMED AUTHOR(S)Else, A. (1997). Maori participation and performance in education: A literature review and research programme. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Education. Retrieved from http://edcounts.squiz.net.nz/__data/assets /pdf_file/0017/7505/else-maori-summary.pdfIn text citation (Else, 1997) ANNUAL REPORTHeritage Mining. (1993). Annual report 1992. Auckland, New Zealand: Author16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 9 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gIn text citation (Heritage Mining, 1993) REPORT WHICH INCLUDES A REPORT NUMBERWorld Health Organization. (2003). Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases. (WHO Techical Report series 916). Geneva, Switzerland: Author.In text citation (World Health Organization, 2003)Things to rememberAuthors' names : Authors' names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M.Reports can be produced by an organisation or Government department, without naming individual people.Youshould use the organization or department name in place of the author Multiple authors: The same rules apply as for books Italics : Only the report title should be in italics.If you are referencing a chapter in a book, the title of thechapter should not be in italics. Capitalization : The first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the first letter of thefirst word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper noun or an abbreviationthat is always written in capitals. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read a book by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971) inwhich he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss book.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. London: Routledge.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2) Back to TopReferencing Web pagesWeb PagesAt the end of your assignment, essay or project you are required to include a reference list containing the fulldetails of each source. The list should be in alphabetical order and include the author/editor, date, title andpublication information. References over one line long should use a hanging indent to indent the second andfollowing lines. Web pageLee, J. (1997). Kinship and family ties. Retrieved from http://www.postcolonialweb.org/nz/maorijlg2b.htmlIn-text citation(Lee, 1997) Web page with no authorKinship and family ties. (1997). Retrieved from http://www.postcolonialweb.org/nz/maorijlg2b.html16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 10 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gIn-text citation("Kinship and family ties," 1997) Web page with no dateLee, J. (n.d.). Kinship and family ties. Retrieved fromhttp://www.postcolonialweb.org/nz/maorijlg2b.htmlIn-text citation(Lee, n.d.) Online Government ReportMinistry of Health. (2008). Let's get real: Real skills for people working in mental health and addiction. Retrieved from http://www.moh.govt.nz/moh.nsf/pagesmh/ 8294/$File/letsgetreal-sep08.pdfIn-text citation (Ministry of Health, 2008) Online EncyclopediaMarcoux, A. (2008). Business ethics. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.). The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-business/In-text citation (Marcoux, 2008) Online Dictionary Ignition. (1989). In Oxford English online dictionary (2nd ed.). Retrieved from http://dictionary.oed.comIn-text citation ("Ignition," 1989) WikiA wiki (such as wikipedia) is a website that any one can contribute to, by writing, reviewing or editing an entry.Stress testing. (2008). Retrieved October 15, 2008, from Wikipedia: http//en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_testIn-text citation ("Stress testing," 2008) Blog PostsWhen referencing a blog you should use the Author's full name if this is available, list the last name first followedby initials, Smith, A. A.. If only a screen name is available use that. The date should be the date that the blogwas posted NOT the date you viewed it. Blog PostMyers, P. Z. (2007, January 22). The unfortunate prerequisites and consequences of partitioning your mind [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://scienceblogspharyngula/2007/01/the_unfortunate_prerequistes.phpIn-text citation (Myers, 2007) Blog commentThis would be a response to a blog postMiddleKid. (2007, January 22). RE: The unfortunate prerequisites and consequences of partitioning your mind [Web log comment]. Retrieved from http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/01/the_unfortunate _prerequistes.php16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 11 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gIn-text citation (MiddleKid, 2007)Things to rememberAuthors' names : Authors' names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M. Multiple authors: The same rules apply as for books. Italics : The name of a stand-alone web page should not be in italics.If referencing an entry in a larger work,such as an online encyclopedia or dictionary, the title of the book should be in italics but the title of the entryshould not. Capitalization : The first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the first letter of thefirst word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper noun or an abbreviationthat is always written in capitals. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read a book by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971) inwhich he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss book.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. London: Routledge.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2) Back to TopReferencing ConferencesConference ProceedingsAt the end of your assignment, essay or project you are required to include a reference list containing the fulldetails of each source. The list should be in alphabetical order and include the author/editor, date, title andpublication information. References over one line long should use a hanging indent to indent the second andfollowing lines. Proceedings published as a bookGough, P. T. (Ed.). (1991). The way forward. Proceedings from the third triennial conference of AEESEAP. Christchurch, New Zealand: University of Canterbury.In-text citation(Gough, 1991) Conference PapersFrom a Published bookSmith, P. L. (1999). Motivation for exercise. In R. Morgan (Ed.). Proceedings of the Conference on Health and Fitness. (pp. 258-98). London, England: University College Press.In-text citation (Smith, 1999) From a Journal Issue or Supplement16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 12 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gSmith, P. L. (1999). Motivation for exercise. Proceedings of the Conferenceon Health and Fitness. Journal of Health Promotion, 42(Suppl. 1). 258-98.In-text citation (Smith, 1999) From the InternetNebel, B. (2012, March). Overview and discussion of carbon footprinting standards and guidelines. Paper presented at the 2nd New Zealand Life Cycle Assessment Conference, Auckland. Retrieved from http://www.lcaconference .org.nz/proceedings In-text citation (Nebel, 2012) Things to rememberAuthors' names : Authors' names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M. Multiple authors: The same rules apply as for books. Editors' names : If you are referencing the whole book the editors' name should be Surname, Initial. Initial,e.g. Walker, S. J.If however you are referencing a chapter of an edited book the editors' name should be Initial. Initial. Surname.eg.In S. J. Walker (Ed.). Italics : The book or journaltitle should be in italics.If you are referencing a conference paper, the title ofthe paper should not be in italics. Capitalization : For the title of a chapter or paper, the first letter of the first word of a should be capitalizedas should the first letter of the first word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is aproper noun or an abbreviation that is always written in capitals. For the title of the conference allmajor wordsshould be capitalized. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read a book by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971) inwhich he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss book.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. London: Routledge.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2) Back to TopReferencing DVDs, Videos or CD-ROMsDVDs, Videos, CD-ROMSAt the end of your assignment, essay or project you are required to include a reference list containing the fulldetails of each source. The list should be in alphabetical order and include the author/editor, date, title and16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 13 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gpublication information. References over one line long should use a hanging indent to indent the second andfollowing lines. Film on DVD/VideoRivera, J. (Producer), & Docter, P. (Director). (2002). Monsters Inc. [Motion Picture]. California, CA: Buena Vista Home Entertainment.In text citation (Rivera & Docter, 2002) Online Video clip (e.g. YouTube)A video taken from a website such as YouTube should be referenced as a webpage. Geisler, R. (Producer), & Malick, T. (Director). (1998). The thin red line. [Video]. California, CA: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LCmlOhsIwBkIn text citation(Geisler & Malick, 1998) Sandberg, S. (2010, December 21). Why we have too few women leaders [Video]. Retrieved from http://www.ted.com/talks/sheryl_sandberg_why_we_have_too _few_women_leaders.html In text citation (Sandberg, 2010) Leelefever. (2007, May 29). Talking in plain English [Video]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dnL00TdmLY In text citation (Leeleferver, 2007) CD-ROM Soils. (1999). Geographica on CD ROM. [CD ROM]. Melbourne, Australia: Random House. In text citation ("Soils," 1999) Things to rememberAuthors' names : Use the Producer and the Director of a film in the place of the authors. Dates of Films : Dates for films should be the date of first release, not when the video/DVD was published. Italics : Only the film title or title of the CD-ROM should be in italics. Capitalization : The first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the first letter of thefirst word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper noun or an abbreviationthat is always written in capitals. Back to Top16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 14 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gImages/Tables/FiguresOther mediaIMAGES, FIGURES AND TABLESIt is important to note that the guidelines available in the APA manual are relatively limited.We have analysed the guidelines closely, contacted the APA Style Editor and consulted the APA blog to provide the followingguidance.In this guide the word figure refers to allimages including, Photographs, Paintings, Drawings, Charts, Diagrams,Graphs, Tables, etcAny image used in you assignment requires a caption. If the image is not your own work it also requires an intextcitation to the original source.A caption should includeThe word Figure with a capital letterA number (from 1, in numerical order)A title for the figure or brief description of the workAn in text citation for the reference of the source (if not your own work), which includes the Author(s), dateand page number for the source, i.e. (Smith, 2010, p.13) If you got the image fromA BOOK, reference it as you would a quotation from a bookA JOURNAL, reference as you would a quotation from a journalA WEB PAGE, reference it as you would a quotation from a web page Image etc. taken from a book source Figure 1. Social distances of animals (Fowler, 2008, p. 13) Reference Fowler, M. (2008). Restraint and handing of wild and domestic animals (3rd ed.). Ames, IA: Wiley Blackwell. Image taken from a journal Figure 2. Male holotye of Hypsiboas gladiator. (Kholer et al., 2010, p. 584). Reference Kohler, J., Koscinski, D., Padial, J. M., Chaparro, J. C., Handford, P., Lougheed, S. C., & Riva, I. (2010). Systematics of Andean gladiator frogs of the Hypsiboas pulchellus species groug (Annuar, Hylidae). Zoologica Scripta, 39(6), 572-590. doi:10.111/j.1463-6409.2010.00448.x Image taken from the internet 16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 15 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=g Figure 3. Fantailvector (McMillan, 2009). Reference McMillan, T. (2009). Fantailvector. Retrieved from http://www.kiwiwise.co.nz/ photo/fantail-vector Things to rememberAuthors' names : Authors names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M. Multiple authors: The same rules apply as for books. Italics :For a book only the book title should be in italicsFor a journal only the journaltitle and the volume number should be in intalicsFor a web page there should be no italics used Capitalization :For a book : The first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the first letter of the firstword of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper noun or an abbreviation that isalways written in capitals.For a journal : For an article title, the first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the firstletter of the first word of any subtitle.Everything else in the article title should be in lower case unless it is aproper noun or an abbreviation that is always written in capitals. For a journaltitle, allmajor words need to becapitalized.For a web page : The first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the first letter of thefirst word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper noun or an abbreviationthat is always written in capitals. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read a book by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971) inwhich he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss book.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. London: Routledge.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2) Back to Top16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 16 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gLegal materialLegal MaterialGuidelines in the APA manual relate to American legislation and it is not possible to use this format for othercountries legal material. See the examples below for the library's suggestion on how to cite and reference NewZealand and other countrys legislation. Please contact you lecturer to see if they wish you to use another form of reference for New Zealand legalmaterial. Statute/Act Health and Safety in Employment Act, New Zealand Statutes. (1992). In text citationHealth and Safety in Employment Act (1992). Section of a Statute Health and Safety in Employment Act, New Zealand Statutes s48. (1992). In text citation(Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992, s48). Statute taken from a subscription database Health and Safety in Employment Act, New Zealand Statutes. (1992). Retrieved November 22, 2011 fromBrookers online database. In text citation(Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992). Statute taken from a website Health and Safety in Employment Act, New Zealand Statutes. (1992). Retrieved November 22, 2011 from http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1992/0096/ Latest/DLM278829.html In text citation(Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992). Bill Public Health Bill 2007 (No. 177-1) In text citation (Public Health Bill 2007, No. 117-1) Bill taken from a website Public Health Bill 2007 (No. 177-1). Retrieved November 22, 2011from http://www.legislation.govt.nz/bill/government/2007/0177/latest/ DLM1385800.html?search=ts_bill_health_resel&p=1&sr=1

Case Case information should contain the parties names (in italics) the year of reporting (in [] brackets) and the casesubject abbreviation and number New Zealand Law ReportsNZLRNew Zealand Tax CasesNZTCNew Zealand Employment Law CasesNZELCNew Zealand Company Law Reports NZCLR New Zealand Business CasesNZBC Hunt v Muollo [2003] 2 NZLR 322 In text citation (Hunt v Muollo [2003] 2 NZLR 322) Case from a subscription database 16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 17 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=g Hunt v Muollo [2003] 2 NZLR 322. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis database In text citation (Hunt v Muollo [2003] 2 NZLR 322) Case from the internet BP Australia Ltd v FederalCommissioner of Taxation [1965] 112 CLR 386. Retrieved fromhttp://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/high_ct/112clr386.htmlIn text citation (BP Australia Ltd v FederalCommissioner of Taxation [1965] 112 CLR 386)Things to rememberItalics : The names of the parties involved in a case should be in Italics Capitalization : Captialise each word of the title of a Statute/Act or a Bill. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Back to TopOther MediaOther media COURSE HANDOUT To be used for material handed out in a lecture that has not been published in another format, ie not a bookchapter or journalarticle.Unitec. (2007). GDHE EDUC 7782 The literature review: A few tips on conducting it. Auckland, New Zealand: Author.In text citation (Unitec, 2007) COURSE NOTES POSTED ON MOODLETo be used when lecturers'course notes are posted in Moodle in an ebook format. If you are using multiple sections of anebook then you will need to put the page numbers in the in-text citation after the year, to differentiate between them. If thereare no page numbers, use section numbers instead.Salinsky, J., Gussey, A., & Ladyman, R. (2013). NSCI4711-SB Veterinary anaesthetic and analgesic proceduresebook. Retrieved from moodle.unitec.ac.nzFirst In text citation (Salinsky, Gussey, & Ladyman, 2013, s2.1)Subsequent in text citation (Salinsky et al, 2013, s3.4) INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORYJournal articleBrundrett, M., Fitzgerald, T., & Sommerfeldt, D. (2006). The creation of national programmes of school leadership development in England and New Zealand: A comparative study. International Studies in Educational Administration, 34(1), 89-105. Retrieved from http://www.coda.ac.nz/unitec_edu_jo/8/First in text citation (Brundrett, Fitzgerald, & Sommerfeldt, 2006)Subsequent in text citation (Brundrett, et al., 2006). Thesis from an Institutional Repository16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 18 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gDykstra, L. (2007). Aqua house: A house design that explores the possibility of integrating architecture and water, technically and aesthetically. (Unpublished masters dissertation). Unitec. Retrieved from http://unitec.researchbank.ac.nz/handle/10652/2070In text citation (Dykstra, 2007). POWERPOINT PRESENTATIONPowerPoint taken from MoodleUnitec. (2007). GDHE EDUC 7782 The literature review: A few tips on conducting it [PowerPoint presentation]. Retrieved from http://moodle.unitec.ac.nz In text citation (Unitec, 2007) PowerPoint taken from the Internettutor2u. (n.d.). Commodities market [PowerPoint presentation]. Retrieved from http://www.tutor2u.net/economics/presentations/aseconomics/markets /CommodityMarkets/default.htmlIn text citation (tutor2u, n.d.) PRESS RELEASENew Zealand Government. (2012). Earthquake recovery strategy launched [Press release]. Retrieved from http://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/earthquake- recovery-strategy-launchedIn text citation (New Zealand Government, 2012) RADIO BROADCASTBland, P. (2005, June 27). Sorry, I'm a stranger here myself. (Narr by Peter Bland). [Radio series episode] In Nine to noon with Linda Clark. [Radio Broadcast]. Wellington, New Zealand: National Radio, Radio New Zealand.In text citation (Bland, 2005). PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONSPhone calls, letters and emails should not be included in the final reference list according to APA guidelines. Cite them only in the text itself in parenthesis.(See page 179 of Publication manual of the AmericanPsychological Association 6th ed., for more information).In text citation (J. T. Smith, personal communication, September 29, 2012) THESIS OR DISSERTATIONGatley, D. (1999). Design management in architecture: The management of the creative process during the design stages of a project in an architectural practice in New Zealand. (Unpublished masters dissertation). Unitec Insitute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.In text citation (Gatley, 1999) Things to rememberAuthors' names : Authors names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M. Multiple authors: The same rules apply as for books.16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 19 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=g Italics : Only the book or journaltitle and the journalvolume number should be in italics. Capitalization : The first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the first letter of thefirst word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless it is a proper noun or an abbreviationthat is always written in capitals. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuationmark.Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrievalproblems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read a book by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971) inwhich he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss book.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. London: Routledge.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2) Back to TopInformation not knownInformation not knownWhile referencing you willcome across certain material that has some of the normal referencing elementsmissing, ie no date of publication, no author etc.When this hapens you may need to change your referenceslightly.Below are some examples of what you may need to do. No Author/ EditorFor a book, brochure or reportCollege bound seniors. (1979). Princeton: College Board Press.In text citation (College bound seniors, 1979) For an article, chapter of a book or web pageBurst watermain leaves suburb dry. (2005, Jun 21). The New Zealand Herald. p. A4.First In text citation ("Burst watermain leaves suburb dry", 2005)Subsequent in text citation ("Burst watermain", 2005) No Publication DateBaggins, B. (n.d.). There and back again: A hobbit's tale. Hobbiton: Shire PressIn text citation (Baggins, n.d.) No Place of PublicationBaggins, B. (1970). There and back again: A hobbit's tale. (n.p.): Shire Press.In text citation (Baggins, 1970) No Publisher's Details 16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 20 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gBaggins, B. (1970). There and back again: A hobbit's tale. Hobbiton: (n.p.).In text citation (Baggins, 1970) Things to rememberAuthors' names : Authors' names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial.e.g. Smith, L. M. Multiple authors: The same rules apply as for books. Editors' names : If you are referencing the whole book the editors' name should be Surname, Initial. Initial,e.g. Walker, S. J.If however you are referencing a chapter of an edited book the editors' name should be Initial. Initial. Surname.eg.In S. J. Walker (Ed). Italics : Only the book title should be in italics.If you are referencing a chapter in a book, the title of thechapter should not be in italics. Capitalization : The first letter of the first word of a title should be capitalized as should the first leter of thefirst word of any subtitle.Everything else should be in lower case unless is is a proper noun or an abbreviationthat is always written in capitals. Splitting a URL : If your URL needs to be split do not insert a hyphen. Break the URL before a punctuation. Do not add a full stop at the end of URL as this may appear to be part of the URL and cause retrieval problems. Secondary Sources : You can only reference information that you have actually seen.If that book orjournalarticle quotes another piece of work which you also want to quote, you need to cite the information as asecondary citation.For example you read a book by Sandvoss, in which he quotes Taylor "Ian Taylor's influential analysis (1971) inwhich he identifies hooliganism as a response to social control..."If you have not read the item by Taylor you would reference the Sandvoss book.Sandvoss, C. (2003). A game of two halves: Football, television and globalization. London: Routledge.In text citation (as cited in Sandvoss, 2003, p. 2) Back to TopAPA online tutorialsReferencing books with authors16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 21 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gReferencing Journal articlesReferencing corporate authors and edited booksReferencing Newspapers and Magazines16/12/13 1:15 PM APA 6th referencing - Study Guides at Unitec Institute of TechnologyPage 22 of 22 http://libguides.unitec.ac.nz/print_content.php?pid=58156&sid=425907&mode=gReferencing e-books usingBack to TopPowered by Springshare; All rights reserved. Report a tech support issue.