ap biology · web viewch 3 ch 3 oh estradiol testosterone female lion male lion cholesterol: ho ch...
TRANSCRIPT
Biochemistry Name: ________________________NDHS Per: ________ Date: ____________
LipidsElements -_________
- mostly ________________ - MOSTLY __________________
NET affect -__________________
Types: _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
Function: 1. _________________________________ 2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________4. _________________________________5. _________________________________
FATS AND OILSStructure - two parts
1. _________ - three carbon chain with 2. _________ - long chain of hydrocabons with a carboxyl head
_________ combines with_________ of glycerol by __________________ so 3 fatty acids combine with the glycerols =__________________
The massive amounts of hydrocarbons in the tail make fats _____________
FATS vs. OILSFATS - __________________ - ___________________________OILS - _________ _________ - ___________________________
crucial difference? ___________________________
- Fats are __________________- Oils are __________________
both have the same basic structure of glycerol plus three fatty acids - fats: fatty acids are ___________________________________________ __________________ __________________________________________
- pack together nicely - ____________________________________ - oils: fatty acids are __________________ due to ___________________
- causes the chains ________________________________________ - don’t pack together very nicely
– ____________________________________
PARTIALLY HYDROGENATED OILS and TRANS FATS
Hydrogenated Oils Unsaturated oils are __________________________________
and a catalyst to break the double bond and add hydrogen ○ - this makes them ______________ ○ Heating the oils can also cause ______________ and
switch the __________________________________________ __________________________________________
○ TRANS fats are not able to be processed by our cells and lead a higher interaction with “bad” cholesterol and can potentially lead to inflammation in the blood vessels exacerbating heart disease
ENERGY Content of Fats and Oils- fats and oils: ______________ - carbs: ____________ - protein: ____________ - alcohol: ____________
PHOSPHOLIPIDS:Function: __________________ - __________________Composition:
______: ____________________________________ _______
- joins with other polar molecules
______ : two chains not _______
Phospholipid is __________________Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
Reaction with water:_______________________Forms two possible structures:
1. __________2. __________
- cell membrane – __________________
STEROIDS:__________________
examples: ______________________________________________________ - stabilize cell membranes
- precursor for some hormones
Male lion
Female lion
Testosterone
Estradiol
OHC
H3CH3
O
HO
OHC
H3
Cholesterol:
Understanding Blood Lipid PanelTotal Cholesterol:
- Composite of ___________________________________________- Triglycerides :
- Normal Levels: _________________ - Function: __________ – body converts extra energy to
triglycerides (fat) and stores it - _________________________________________
- “_______” cholesterol- Function: ____________________________________________
____________________________________________________- Normal Levels: Between ___________________- Issues: LDL bind more readily to the __________________ on the
surface of the blood vessel endothelium (cell on the surface of the wall) and become ____________ forms _________________ (_______________________) that can ________ (__________________) to narrow the diameter of the blood vessels and make them ___________________________________
CH3
CH3
H3C
CH3
CH3
HO
- _________________________________________- “_______” cholesterol- Normal Levels: _______________________________
_______________________________ _______________________________
- Function : _________________________________________
______________________________Genetic condition that causes ______________________________ ______________________________________________________
Result in ______________________________________________