AP BIO BR 1/14

• Question: Plants and animals both need to guard against other organisms invading their “bodies” and causing disease or even death. Organisms, such as plants and animals, are “born” with certain innate defenses already in place to help protect them against invasion. In no more than three sentences, choose TWO innate defenses for animals, such as humans, and ONE innate defense for plants and describe how it works as a defense to invasion or harm.

AP Biology

Immune SystemsPart 2

Clonal Selection

Humoral Immunity

Antibodies attaching to the antigen

Antigen-bindingsites

Epitopes(antigenicdeterminants)Antibody A

Antibody BAntibody C

Antigen

MHCs

Antigen-presentingcell

Antigenfragment

Class II MHCmolecule

T cellreceptor

Helper T cell

Antigenfragment

Class I MHCmolecule

T cellreceptor

Cytotoxic T cell

Infected cell Microbe

Cell MediatedHumoral (Antibody)