anthropometric analysis

9
Anthropometric Analysis Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Upload: joe-jancsics

Post on 21-May-2015

4.351 views

Category:

Design


5 download

DESCRIPTION

This is a project for my Advanced Human Factors class related to Anthropometric Analysis

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Anthropometric Analysis

AnthropometricAnalysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Page 2: Anthropometric Analysis

Anthropometric Abstract & Key Words

Abstract

Key Words

When planning the physical elements of an object a designer must consider quantitative data related to the measurement of various parts of the human body, this is referred to as anthropo-metric data. This project was based on a list of NASA dimension de�nitions for the human body, another person worked with me to assist in collecting my measurements. Once measurements were col-lected they were then entered to a formula-based Kroemer KHE Engineering Physiology Human Dimension Chart Excel document to calculate my percentile. Some assumptions had to be made initially in regards to the correct method for collecting several measurements but through reviewing the prominent outliers and �nding additional reference material we were able to properly revisit those measurements and collect all the required data.

Anthropometric, Measurements, Dimensions, Human Factors, Variability

Analysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Page 3: Anthropometric Analysis

Anthropometric Purpose

PurposeThe purpose of the exercise is to gain an understanding of anthropometric measurements and how they relate to various design solutions. Through collecting and analyzing measure-ments we can expect to use quantitative data to see variances between the dimensions on any given human in relation to the general population. This data can help illustrate the challenges that designers face trying to accommodate for a wide spectrum of human measurements and body types.

Analysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Page 4: Anthropometric Analysis

Anthropometric Method

MethodIn order to collect the measurements accurately a second person was recruited to assist. We both read and printed the PDF outline from class, once we had an understanding of how to collect the measurements we gathered the best tools we could �nd for the task (below L to R): a �exible nylon tape measure, a metal tape measure, a wooden stool, and an o�ce chair with a center pivot.

Details of the Process:Laid out diagrams of measurements next to NASA list

Started at the top of the list and worked our way downFor the large measurements, such as height, we used the metal measuring tapeFor smaller and seated measurements we used the �exible measuring tapeA wooden chair was used for some of the seated positions to avoid inaccuracies that could be caused from a cushion An o�ce chair with a pivot in the center was used for a reliable way to have a consistent seat reference point for the arm reach measurements

Once the full set of measurements was collected it was entered into the spreadsheet to calculate Z-value and my percentile

A few values were extreme outliers and upon revisiting the research material I discovered some measurements were collected incorrectly.

We re-measured these items and completed the spreadsheet. The formu-las calculated the Z-value and my percentiles for each measurement.

1 2

34

5

Analysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Page 5: Anthropometric Analysis

Anthropometric Results

ResultsBelow: Kroemer KHE Engineering Physiology Human Dimension Chart with my data highlighted.

Kroemer KHE Engineering Physiology Human Dimension Charts - Male

NASA Dimension Term 5th%ile 50th%ile (Mean) 95th%ile Std. Dev My Dimen (x) Z-Value My %tile(measured in inches) (x-Mean)/Std. Dev

805 Stature 63.7 68.35 72.6 2.72 70.75 0.88 81%328 Eye Height 59.49 63.94 67.99 2.6 66.25 0.89 81%

23 Shoulder Height 52.09 56.22 60 2.4 60.5 1.78 96%309 Elbow Height 39.37 43.27 46.85 2.28 45.25 0.87 81%758 Height Sitting 33.15 35.67 38.07 1.46 37 0.91 82%330 Eye Height Sitting 28.56 30.94 33.23 1.42 32 0.75 77%

25 Shoulder Height Sitting 20.75 23.39 25.91 1.57 26 1.66 95%312 Elbow Rest Height Sitting 7.48 9.57 11.57 1.18 11.5 1.64 95%529 Knee Height Sitting 19.41 21.38 23.35 1.14 22 0.54 71%678 Popliteal Height Sitting 15.43 17.4 19.21 1.1 18 0.55 71%856 Thigh Clear Height Sitting 4.49 5.67 6.97 0.67 7.25 2.36 99%427 Head Breadth 5.35 5.71 6.1 0.22 6.25 2.45 99%430 Head Circumference 20.55 21.61 22.72 0.64 23.25 2.56 99%503 Interpupilary Distance 2.17 2.44 2.68 0.15 3.5 7.07 100%381 Elbow Fingertip Length 17.36 16.57 18.11 0.87 20.25 4.23 100%420 Hand Length 6.93 7.5 8.11 0.37 8.25 2.03 98%411 Hand Breadth Metacarpal 3.23 3.5 3.86 0.19 4 2.63 100%236 Chest Depth 8.43 9.53 10.87 0.75 13 4.63 100%318 Elbow to Elbow Breadth 13.75 16.42 19.92 1.81 20.5 2.25 99%459 Hip Breadth Sitting 12.13 13.94 15.96 1.1 18 3.69 100%194 Buttock-Knee Leng Sitting 21.26 23.39 25.28 1.18 25.5 1.79 96%362 Foot Length 9.76 10.59 11.42 0.5 11.5 1.82 97%356 Foot Breadth 3.54 3.85 4.21 0.21 4.15 1.43 92%957 Weight 123.64 162.8 213.62 27.72 220 2.06 98%

Reach L90° 14.8 16.7 20.7 1.8 21 2.41 99%Reach L45° 19 22.5 26.5 2.3 23 0.22 59%Reach 0° 25.5 28.5 31 1.7 30.5 1.20 88%Reach R45° 30.2 32.2 34.7 1.4 33 0.59 72%Reach R90° 31.2 33.2 35.7 1.4 33.5 0.22 59%

Analysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Page 6: Anthropometric Analysis

Anthropometric Results

Results (cont)Below: My results compared to 50th percentile (Mean)*note: weight excluded due to units being in pounds, graph below shows measurements in inches only

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Stat

ure

Eye

Heig

htSh

ould

er H

eigh

tEl

bow

Heig

htHe

ight

Sitt

ing

Eye

Heig

ht S

ittin

gSh

ould

er H

eigh

t Sitt

ing

Elbo

w Re

st H

eigh

t Sitt

ing

Knee

Hei

ght S

ittin

gPo

plite

al H

eigh

t Sitt

ing

Thig

h Cl

ear H

eigh

t Sitt

ing

Head

Bre

adth

Head

Circ

umfe

renc

eIn

terp

upila

ry D

ista

nce

Elbo

w Fi

nger

tip L

engt

hHa

nd L

engt

hHa

nd B

read

th M

etac

arpa

lCh

est D

epth

Elbo

w to

Elb

ow B

read

thHi

p Br

eadt

h Si

tting

Butto

ck-K

nee

Leng

Sitt

ing

Foot

Len

gth

Foot

Bre

adth

Reac

h L9

0°Re

ach

L45°

Reac

h 0°

Reac

h R4

5°Re

ach

R90°

My Results50th Percentile

Inch

es

Analysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Page 7: Anthropometric Analysis

Anthropometric Results

Results (cont)Below: My percentile across measurements collected

0

20

40

60

80

100

Sta

ture

Eye

Hei

ght

Sho

ulde

r Hei

ght

Elb

ow H

eigh

tH

eigh

t S

ittin

gE

ye H

eigh

t Sitt

ing

Sho

ulde

r Hei

ght S

ittin

gE

lbow

Res

t Hei

ght S

ittin

gK

nee

Hei

ght S

ittin

gP

oplit

eal H

eigh

t Sitt

ing

Thig

h C

lear

Hei

ght S

ittin

gH

ead

Bre

adth

Hea

d C

ircum

fere

nce

Inte

rpup

ilary

Dis

tanc

eE

lbow

Fin

gerti

p Le

ngth

Han

d Le

ngth

Han

d B

read

th M

etac

arpa

lC

hest

Dep

thE

lbow

to E

lbow

Bre

adth

Hip

Bre

adth

Sitt

ing

But

tock

-Kne

e Le

ng S

ittin

gFo

ot L

engt

hFo

ot B

read

thW

eigh

tR

each

L90

°R

each

L45

°R

each

Rea

ch R

45°

Rea

ch R

90°

Perc

entil

eAnalysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Page 8: Anthropometric Analysis

Anthropometric Discussion

DiscussionImmediately one can recognize that most of my measurements fall within high percentile range. The most signi�cant outliers relate to measurements taken while seated, this includes the reach measurements. This could be caused by the sample pool having di�erent seating and measurement tools or possibly these accurately re�ect my value, where my weight is high one can make a safe assumption that this greatly impacts reach ability.

I tend to gain and lose weight easily and I would like to try this exercise again at a lighter weight to see how much things change. The biggest challenge when revisiting this will be ensur-ing consistency with the measurements. On some measurements an inch can throw a percentile score signi�cantly, it creates a prominent element of potential testing error where results can be impacted by skill of the person measuring and the equipment being used. We did our best e�ort with the diagrams available but have no way to verify beyond all doubt that my measure-ments were collected to the same accuracy as the sample data.

Analysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors

Page 9: Anthropometric Analysis

Bibliography"ANTHROPOMETRY AND BIOMECHANICS." Man-Systems Integration Standards (MSIS). Web. 12 Sept. 2011. <http://msis.jsc.nasa.gov/sections/section03.htm>.

Daniels, G.S. (1952). The “Average Man”? USAF Personnel Body Anthropometry, RDO No. 695-71. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: USAF.

NASA Reference Publication 1024, Anthropometric Source Book Volume II: A Handbook of Anthropometric Data.

Kroemer KHE, Kroemer HJ, Kroemer-Elbert KE (1990) EngineeringPhysiology: Bases of Human Factor/Ergonomics, Van Nostrand Reinhold,New York.

AnthropometricConclusion & Bibliography

ConclusionThis project provided insights to the challenges designers face whenever dealing with creating an environment or controls within an environment. During the time analyzing results it started to make sense why my legs are always cramped on an airplane and why my automobile has an adjustable steering wheel and seat. Designers have these useful ranges to work with but as outlined in the “Average Man” study by Gilbert S. Daniels it is impossible to �nd a one-size-�ts-all solution because no single person in their study of 4063 men fell into average range for all measurements. If someone tried to design a non-adjustable pilot’s seat for the 50th percentile (average) it is likely that the 95th percentile would be unable to �nd sustained comfort in it, this basic example further reinforces designing adjustable seats to accommodate for a wide range of people. This exercise was a good example of how to collect quantitative data and apply it to the design process for people of various shapes and sizes.

Analysis

Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors