anthropometric analysis
DESCRIPTION
This is a project for my Advanced Human Factors class related to Anthropometric AnalysisTRANSCRIPT
AnthropometricAnalysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors
Anthropometric Abstract & Key Words
Abstract
Key Words
When planning the physical elements of an object a designer must consider quantitative data related to the measurement of various parts of the human body, this is referred to as anthropo-metric data. This project was based on a list of NASA dimension de�nitions for the human body, another person worked with me to assist in collecting my measurements. Once measurements were col-lected they were then entered to a formula-based Kroemer KHE Engineering Physiology Human Dimension Chart Excel document to calculate my percentile. Some assumptions had to be made initially in regards to the correct method for collecting several measurements but through reviewing the prominent outliers and �nding additional reference material we were able to properly revisit those measurements and collect all the required data.
Anthropometric, Measurements, Dimensions, Human Factors, Variability
Analysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors
Anthropometric Purpose
PurposeThe purpose of the exercise is to gain an understanding of anthropometric measurements and how they relate to various design solutions. Through collecting and analyzing measure-ments we can expect to use quantitative data to see variances between the dimensions on any given human in relation to the general population. This data can help illustrate the challenges that designers face trying to accommodate for a wide spectrum of human measurements and body types.
Analysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors
Anthropometric Method
MethodIn order to collect the measurements accurately a second person was recruited to assist. We both read and printed the PDF outline from class, once we had an understanding of how to collect the measurements we gathered the best tools we could �nd for the task (below L to R): a �exible nylon tape measure, a metal tape measure, a wooden stool, and an o�ce chair with a center pivot.
Details of the Process:Laid out diagrams of measurements next to NASA list
Started at the top of the list and worked our way downFor the large measurements, such as height, we used the metal measuring tapeFor smaller and seated measurements we used the �exible measuring tapeA wooden chair was used for some of the seated positions to avoid inaccuracies that could be caused from a cushion An o�ce chair with a pivot in the center was used for a reliable way to have a consistent seat reference point for the arm reach measurements
Once the full set of measurements was collected it was entered into the spreadsheet to calculate Z-value and my percentile
A few values were extreme outliers and upon revisiting the research material I discovered some measurements were collected incorrectly.
We re-measured these items and completed the spreadsheet. The formu-las calculated the Z-value and my percentiles for each measurement.
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Analysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors
Anthropometric Results
ResultsBelow: Kroemer KHE Engineering Physiology Human Dimension Chart with my data highlighted.
Kroemer KHE Engineering Physiology Human Dimension Charts - Male
NASA Dimension Term 5th%ile 50th%ile (Mean) 95th%ile Std. Dev My Dimen (x) Z-Value My %tile(measured in inches) (x-Mean)/Std. Dev
805 Stature 63.7 68.35 72.6 2.72 70.75 0.88 81%328 Eye Height 59.49 63.94 67.99 2.6 66.25 0.89 81%
23 Shoulder Height 52.09 56.22 60 2.4 60.5 1.78 96%309 Elbow Height 39.37 43.27 46.85 2.28 45.25 0.87 81%758 Height Sitting 33.15 35.67 38.07 1.46 37 0.91 82%330 Eye Height Sitting 28.56 30.94 33.23 1.42 32 0.75 77%
25 Shoulder Height Sitting 20.75 23.39 25.91 1.57 26 1.66 95%312 Elbow Rest Height Sitting 7.48 9.57 11.57 1.18 11.5 1.64 95%529 Knee Height Sitting 19.41 21.38 23.35 1.14 22 0.54 71%678 Popliteal Height Sitting 15.43 17.4 19.21 1.1 18 0.55 71%856 Thigh Clear Height Sitting 4.49 5.67 6.97 0.67 7.25 2.36 99%427 Head Breadth 5.35 5.71 6.1 0.22 6.25 2.45 99%430 Head Circumference 20.55 21.61 22.72 0.64 23.25 2.56 99%503 Interpupilary Distance 2.17 2.44 2.68 0.15 3.5 7.07 100%381 Elbow Fingertip Length 17.36 16.57 18.11 0.87 20.25 4.23 100%420 Hand Length 6.93 7.5 8.11 0.37 8.25 2.03 98%411 Hand Breadth Metacarpal 3.23 3.5 3.86 0.19 4 2.63 100%236 Chest Depth 8.43 9.53 10.87 0.75 13 4.63 100%318 Elbow to Elbow Breadth 13.75 16.42 19.92 1.81 20.5 2.25 99%459 Hip Breadth Sitting 12.13 13.94 15.96 1.1 18 3.69 100%194 Buttock-Knee Leng Sitting 21.26 23.39 25.28 1.18 25.5 1.79 96%362 Foot Length 9.76 10.59 11.42 0.5 11.5 1.82 97%356 Foot Breadth 3.54 3.85 4.21 0.21 4.15 1.43 92%957 Weight 123.64 162.8 213.62 27.72 220 2.06 98%
Reach L90° 14.8 16.7 20.7 1.8 21 2.41 99%Reach L45° 19 22.5 26.5 2.3 23 0.22 59%Reach 0° 25.5 28.5 31 1.7 30.5 1.20 88%Reach R45° 30.2 32.2 34.7 1.4 33 0.59 72%Reach R90° 31.2 33.2 35.7 1.4 33.5 0.22 59%
Analysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors
Anthropometric Results
Results (cont)Below: My results compared to 50th percentile (Mean)*note: weight excluded due to units being in pounds, graph below shows measurements in inches only
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Stat
ure
Eye
Heig
htSh
ould
er H
eigh
tEl
bow
Heig
htHe
ight
Sitt
ing
Eye
Heig
ht S
ittin
gSh
ould
er H
eigh
t Sitt
ing
Elbo
w Re
st H
eigh
t Sitt
ing
Knee
Hei
ght S
ittin
gPo
plite
al H
eigh
t Sitt
ing
Thig
h Cl
ear H
eigh
t Sitt
ing
Head
Bre
adth
Head
Circ
umfe
renc
eIn
terp
upila
ry D
ista
nce
Elbo
w Fi
nger
tip L
engt
hHa
nd L
engt
hHa
nd B
read
th M
etac
arpa
lCh
est D
epth
Elbo
w to
Elb
ow B
read
thHi
p Br
eadt
h Si
tting
Butto
ck-K
nee
Leng
Sitt
ing
Foot
Len
gth
Foot
Bre
adth
Reac
h L9
0°Re
ach
L45°
Reac
h 0°
Reac
h R4
5°Re
ach
R90°
My Results50th Percentile
Inch
es
Analysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors
Anthropometric Results
Results (cont)Below: My percentile across measurements collected
0
20
40
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80
100
Sta
ture
Eye
Hei
ght
Sho
ulde
r Hei
ght
Elb
ow H
eigh
tH
eigh
t S
ittin
gE
ye H
eigh
t Sitt
ing
Sho
ulde
r Hei
ght S
ittin
gE
lbow
Res
t Hei
ght S
ittin
gK
nee
Hei
ght S
ittin
gP
oplit
eal H
eigh
t Sitt
ing
Thig
h C
lear
Hei
ght S
ittin
gH
ead
Bre
adth
Hea
d C
ircum
fere
nce
Inte
rpup
ilary
Dis
tanc
eE
lbow
Fin
gerti
p Le
ngth
Han
d Le
ngth
Han
d B
read
th M
etac
arpa
lC
hest
Dep
thE
lbow
to E
lbow
Bre
adth
Hip
Bre
adth
Sitt
ing
But
tock
-Kne
e Le
ng S
ittin
gFo
ot L
engt
hFo
ot B
read
thW
eigh
tR
each
L90
°R
each
L45
°R
each
0°
Rea
ch R
45°
Rea
ch R
90°
Perc
entil
eAnalysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors
Anthropometric Discussion
DiscussionImmediately one can recognize that most of my measurements fall within high percentile range. The most signi�cant outliers relate to measurements taken while seated, this includes the reach measurements. This could be caused by the sample pool having di�erent seating and measurement tools or possibly these accurately re�ect my value, where my weight is high one can make a safe assumption that this greatly impacts reach ability.
I tend to gain and lose weight easily and I would like to try this exercise again at a lighter weight to see how much things change. The biggest challenge when revisiting this will be ensur-ing consistency with the measurements. On some measurements an inch can throw a percentile score signi�cantly, it creates a prominent element of potential testing error where results can be impacted by skill of the person measuring and the equipment being used. We did our best e�ort with the diagrams available but have no way to verify beyond all doubt that my measure-ments were collected to the same accuracy as the sample data.
Analysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors
Bibliography"ANTHROPOMETRY AND BIOMECHANICS." Man-Systems Integration Standards (MSIS). Web. 12 Sept. 2011. <http://msis.jsc.nasa.gov/sections/section03.htm>.
Daniels, G.S. (1952). The “Average Man”? USAF Personnel Body Anthropometry, RDO No. 695-71. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: USAF.
NASA Reference Publication 1024, Anthropometric Source Book Volume II: A Handbook of Anthropometric Data.
Kroemer KHE, Kroemer HJ, Kroemer-Elbert KE (1990) EngineeringPhysiology: Bases of Human Factor/Ergonomics, Van Nostrand Reinhold,New York.
AnthropometricConclusion & Bibliography
ConclusionThis project provided insights to the challenges designers face whenever dealing with creating an environment or controls within an environment. During the time analyzing results it started to make sense why my legs are always cramped on an airplane and why my automobile has an adjustable steering wheel and seat. Designers have these useful ranges to work with but as outlined in the “Average Man” study by Gilbert S. Daniels it is impossible to �nd a one-size-�ts-all solution because no single person in their study of 4063 men fell into average range for all measurements. If someone tried to design a non-adjustable pilot’s seat for the 50th percentile (average) it is likely that the 95th percentile would be unable to �nd sustained comfort in it, this basic example further reinforces designing adjustable seats to accommodate for a wide range of people. This exercise was a good example of how to collect quantitative data and apply it to the design process for people of various shapes and sizes.
Analysis
Joe Jancsics | 2011.09.12 | ADS710 Advanced Human Factors