Answers to the quiz

Characteristics of Special Needs and Disabilities

Hand out 2

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Autism Marked impairment in reciprocal social interaction or play Particular interests to the exclusion of all others Highly repetitive behaviour Severe tantrums Unusual memory Lining things up Insistence on routines Anomalous language development (pedantic or

staccato) Poor non-verbal communication Preference for adult company Bossy and controlling

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Dyslexia

Persistent difficulties with spelling - erratic Difficulties putting ideas down onto paper Difficulty with writing Difficulty copying text Difficulty reading – often missing out lines Difficulty with proof-reading text Difficulty with note-taking Can be distracted May be disorganised/time management difficulties May have low self-esteem/confidence

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Dyspraxia

Clumsy, accident prone and messy. Difficulty mastering a new skill Motor skills – carried out with stiff, awkward movements

rather then smooth fluent ones Particular difficulty carrying out co-ordinated actions

smoothly Particular difficulty carrying out sequenced actions smoothly Particular difficulty carrying out actions to a timed sequence Difficulty integrating learnt motor skills with other skills and generalising skills Poor posture

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Epilepsy

Brief staring spells (5 – 10 seconds) no response when approached

Periods of confusion Episodes of rapid blinking or eyes rolling upwards Inappropriate movement of mouth/face/blank expression Aimless, dazed behaviour, walking or repetitive movements Involuntary jerking of arm or leg. Short term memory problems Cognitive functioning difficulties

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Excessive oppositionality Disruptive behaviour disorders Anxiety or depression Obsessions Developmental co-ordination difficulties Auditory processing difficulties Speech and language problems Poor self esteem Poor social skills Excessive dogmatism Time management and organisational problems

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