animal farm chapter 1-political systems-allegorical connections
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Animal Farm Chapter 1-Political Systems-Allegorical ConnectionsTRANSCRIPT
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ANIMAL FARM Chapter 1
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Karl Marx and Communism
WHO IS KARL MARX? A German intellectual/philosopher Many of the ideals behind the Soviet
revolution were based on his writings and teachings
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MARX
WHAT DID HE BELIEVE?Societies are divided into two
segments: Proletariat. The working class (creates all
the products)
Capitalists The owner class (enjoys all the
benefits)
This class division leads to inequality and
oppression of working class
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How did Marx view his world?The great masses of people are poor and kept poor by the “exploiters,”
The capitalists were few in number, but had money and power. They took advantage of the “working class”
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What was Marx’s Vision?
Marx believed a revolution would be necessary to throw off the shackles of the oppressor (the rich).
Marx believed that a revolution would achieve these results: There would be a classless society
Everyone would be equal There would be no more owners There would be no more exploited masses
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Capitalism Economic System where production and
distribution of goods is privately owned
Business owners can profit immensely(Marx called them “capitalists”)
Workers get paid for their degree of work
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Capitalism…think of it this way
You have two cows, you sell one and buy a bull.
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Capitalism
Some may claim their work deserves greater pay or recognition
If workers are treated poorly enough they might demand revolutionary changes
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If inequality and poor treatment reaches a certain point
Capitalism can
lead to…
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Socialism A system where the collective (everyone) or
government decides: How goods will be produced and
distributed to the people The goal is to give work and goods equally
to all Thus maximizing happiness and well-being
for all
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Socialism …think of it this way
In theoryYou have two
cows, you give one to a neighbor.
In Practice:You have two cows, the government takes one and gives it to a neighbor.
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If corruption, greed, or ambition for power are unleashed
Socialism can lead to…
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Communism A socialist system of government The government is more authoritarian (bossy) They claim to make progress toward a better,
equitable society All human activity goes towards benefiting
each other But the only ones benefitting are the
government elite and their inner circle.
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Communism …think of it this way
You have two cows. You give them to the government. The government gives you part of the milk.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Matthew_Stannard/Scratch/jokes
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A term used to describe Communism under Stalin’s rule.
Marked by extreme governmental control.
The use of a secret police, propaganda, and especially brutal tactics of political coercion
Stalinism
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You have two cows. You are forced to take care of them, but the government takes all the milk. Then the government sends you to prison.
.
Stalinism …think of it this way
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If left unchecked
The most extreme governments
become Totalitarian
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TotalitarianismAny Government that controls nearly
every aspect of public and private behavior
Do not tolerate activities by individuals or groups (labor unions, churches and political parties) that are not directed toward the state's goals
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Totalitarianism
Maintain power by: Secret police Propaganda spread through the
state-controlled mass media Restriction of free discussion and
criticism Widespread use of terror tactics
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Totalitarianism…think of it this wayYou have two cows. The
government takes them and denies they ever existed. Milk is banned. You disappear and are written out of history.
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Chapter 1 Summary Major Wishes to pass his wisdom
Talks about miserable lives and manipulation/born as slaves• Could live in luxury given the resources• Use the products of their labors
Dream from the Previous Night Live free and happy Animals vs. humans (2 legged walking ‘creatures’) Once they take the humans they can’t acquire their
traits• Ex: live in a house, sleep in beds, drink, smoke,
handle money, wear clothes, trade “Beasts of England” ---an animal Utopia
Mr. Jones fires a shotgun and stops the commotion
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Chapter 1 Analysis “Beasts of England”- the animals will finally be free
from man’s domination—enjoy the fruits of their labors
The song words lead to a ‘Utopian Ideal’ Major’s simple belief is that ‘Man’ is the only reason
for their evil Makes it easy for anyone non human to buy in to
the situation Idea touches on class struggle, surplus value, and
exploitation Idea is sincere, but it’s unrealistic—just like . . . Major states: “All animals are equal”
Marx dies just as Old Major-leaving his work unfinished
Ch. 1=Historic to period before and during WWI
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Russian Revolution – Karl Marx/Lenin
Invented communism.
“Workers of the world unite,” take over the government.
Dies before the Russian Revolution.
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Animal Farm – Old MajorTaught AnimalismWorkers do the work, rich keep the money, animals revolt.
Dies before the Rebellion
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Russian Revolution – Czar Nicholas II
A poor leader at best compared to western kings.
Cruel –sometimes with brutal opponents
Sometimes kind –paid students to work as spies
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Animal Farm - Mr. JonesIrresponsible to his animals – he lets them starve
Sometimes cruel – he beats them with a whip
Sometimes kind – he mixes milk in animal mash
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Russian Revolution - CommunismAll people are equalGovernment owns everything, people own the government.
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Animal Farm – AnimalismWorkers get a better life, all animals are equal.
Everyone owns the farm.
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Animal FarmChapter 1
The Music Motif andParody in Action
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Old Major’s SpeechParody of lofty, revolutionary
speechesImitates the language and styleMocks the held belief that such
speeches:◦Make promises of a better tomorrow◦Urge radical action◦Outline the values/beliefs of the people
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Beasts of England, Beasts of Ireland,Beasts of every land and clime,Hearken to my joyful tidingsOf the Golden future time.
Soon or late the day is coming,Tyrant Man shall be o'erthrown,And the fruitful fields of EnglandShall be trod by beasts alone.
Rings shall vanish from our noses,And the harness from our back,Bit and spur shall rust forever,Cruel whips no more shall crack.
Riches more than mind can picture,Wheat and barley, oats and hay,Clover, beans and mangel-wurzelsShall be ours upon that day.
Bright will shine the fields of England,Purer shall its waters be,Sweeter yet shall blow its breezesOn the day that sets us free.
For that day we all must labour,Though we die before it break;Cows and horses, geese and turkeys,All must toil for freedom's sake.
Beasts of England, Beasts of Ireland,Beasts of every land and clime,Hearken well, and spread my tidingsOf the Golden future time
“Beasts of England” Lyrics
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Role of Music in Animal Farm
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Songs of Protest ActivityRead Packet Page 34-DirectionsListen to-read-the “Beasts of England”
◦The lyrics in packet are slightly different than the book. This doesn’t affect anything
Answer questions 1-2. Leave #4 BlankShare Responses
In class:Listen to-read-“Imagine” pg. 38.Answer questions 1-4
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“Beasts of England”Parodies the Left-Wing Socialist
anthem “The Internationale”◦Became the National Anthem of
Communist Russia◦Reflects the principles of Marxism◦“Beasts of England” reflects the
principles of Animalism
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