ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS, CLASSIFICATION TERMS

AND PHYLA

Animal Characteristics

- 1,000,000 + have been discovered and identified and 1,000,000+ = Yet to be!

- Most = Invertebrates = 95% (Invertebrates vs. Vertebrates?)

- Found in all Ecosystems = Aquatic, Terrestrial, and Aerial

- All = Multicellular, Heterotrophic, and Eukaryotic Most = Motile (Motile vs. Sessile?)

- All = Store energy in the form of Glycogen

- All = Have cells that lack Cell Walls

- Most = Have specialized Tissue (ex. Nerve, Muscle, etc…)

- All = Reproduce Sexually and undergo Cleavage

Ectoderm (Skin, Hair, Nerve), Endoderm (Digestive Organs/Glands), Mesoderm (Muscle, Bone)

Animal Classification Terms/Splits

- Parazoa vs. Eumetazoa? Note: Parazoa = Asymmetrical

- Radiata vs. Bilateria? Note: Bilateria = Exhibit Cephalization

- Coelomate vs. Pseudocoelomate vs. Acoelomate?

- Protostome vs. Deuterostome?

Animal Phylogeny

Phylum Porifera = The “Pore Bearers”

Ex. Sponges

Phylum Cnidaria = The “Stinging Cells”

Ex. PMOW, Hydra, Jellyfish, Sea Anemones, Coral

Body Forms/Anatomy

5 Classes (3 Main Classes)

Hydra Feeding on Daphnia Video

http://www.dnatube.com/video/1448/Hydra-feeding-attached-to-a-daphnia

Reproduction

Hydra Jellyfish

Phylum Platyhelminthes = The “Flatworms”

Ex. Planaria, Flukes, Tapeworms

Planaria Liverfluke

Tapeworm

Planaria Anatomy

Fluke Anatomy and Life Cycle

Tapeworm Anatomy and Life Cycle

Scolex Proglottids

Phylum Nematoda = The “Roundworms”

Ex. Ascaris, Hookworms, Trichnella

Ascaris Hookworm

Trichnella

Phylum Annelida = The “Segmented” Worms

Ex. Earthworms, Sandworms, Leeches

Giant Earthworm Sandworm

Leeches

Earthworm Anatomy

Phylum Mollusca = The “Soft Bodied” Animals

Ex. Chitons, Slugs, Snails, Clams, Mussels, Oysters, Scallops, Squids, Octopuses, Nautiluses

Chiton

Slug Snail

Clams Oyster

Scallops

Squid Octopus

Nautilus

Trocophore Larvae

Three Part Body Plan

4 Main Classes

Radula Beak

Phylum Arthropoda = The “Jointed Foot” Animals

Ex. Trilobites

Spiders, Scorpians, Mites, Ticks, Horseshoe Crabs, Daddylong Legs

Millipedes, Centepedes, Insects

Crayfish, Lobsters, Crabs, Shrimp, Barnacles, Isopods, Copepods, Daphnia

Trilobite

Black Widow Brown Recluse

Scorpian

Mite Ticks

Horseshoe Crab Daddy Long Legs

Centipede vs. Millipede Insects

Crustaceans

Black Widow and Others – Check Out National Geographic Videos

Brown Recluse - http://www.brown-recluse.com/bitephotos.html

Phylum Echinodermata = The “Spiny Skinned” Animals

Sea Star, Brittle Star, Sea Urchin, Sea Lilly

Sea Star, Sand Dollar, Sea Cucumber, Sea Urchin

Sea Star Anatomy

Phylum Chordata

Tunicate = Sea Squirt Lancelet

Lamprey Lamprey

Sharks, Skate, Ray

Yellow Pearch Sea Horse

Frog, Toad, Salamander, Newt

Copperhead Timber Rattlesnake

Komodo Dragon Sea-Turtle

Owl Eagle Penguins

Duckbilled Platypus Kangaroo

Brown Bat

Chordate Characteristics