android debug bridge
DESCRIPTION
A guide to ADB in detailTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
ADB (Android Debug Bridge):
How it works?
Tetsuyuki Kobayashi
2012.2.6 early draft
![Page 2: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Let's talk about inside of Android.
http://www.kmckk.co.jp/eng/kzma9/http://www.kmckk.co.jp/eng/jet_index.html
![Page 3: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Who am I? 20+ years involved in embedded systems
10 years in real time OS, such as iTRON 10 years in embedded Java Virtual Machine Now GCC, Linux, QEMU, Android, …
Blogs http://d.hatena.ne.jp/embedded/ (Personal) http://blog.kmckk.com/ (Corporate) http://kobablog.wordpress.com/(English)
Twitter @tetsu_koba
![Page 4: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
What is ADB?
If you are an Android builder, you have used ”adb logcat”, ”adb shell”
Even if you only use DDMS in Eclipse, adb is working under the hood.
Using adb, you can connect emulator or actual target device.
”adb kill-server”? what does it mean?
![Page 5: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
How to connect?
Adb clients”adb shell”
Adbd
Host
Emulator
QEMU Adbd
Target device
How to connect?
![Page 6: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
ADB overview
Adb clients
Adb server
Adbd
Host
Emulator
TCP port:5037
QEMU Adbd
Target device
USB/TCPTCP
Execute services on new thread/subprocess
![Page 7: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
2 roles of ADB
Providing ”Transport” communication path between host and target
device USB or TCP: but clients don't have to aware
Providing ”Services” executing something on the target devices through
the transport. ”adb shell” for executing command ”adb push/pull” for file transfer
![Page 8: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
3 elements of ADB
adb clients executable with subcommand ”adb shell”, ”adb logcat” : the end point of host side
adb server running on host on back-ground act as proxy between adb clients and adbd
adb daemon (adbd) running on target device started by init, if die, restarted by init again
![Page 9: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
When does adb server start?
Explicitly, ”adb start-server” It starts adb server as back ground process.
Usually it does automatically on demand. You don't have to do ”adb start-server”.
When you want to restart adb server, do ”adb kill-server”
Actually, adb clients and adb server shares same executable
”adb start-server” equals ”adb fork-server server &”
![Page 10: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
ADB internal
Source code How to get ADB logs Sequence chart Simple ruby script to connect adb server Command details Secure mode Add USB Vendor ID Switching transport mode
![Page 11: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Source code
system/core/adb in Android source tree From this directory adb and adbd are built
Don't confuse. common files between adb and adbd
adb.c, fdevent.c, transort.c, transport_local.c, tansport_usb.c, service.c, sockets.c, util.c
#if ADB_HOST /* code for adb*/#else /* code for adbd */#endif
![Page 12: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
files only for adbd backup_service.c, file_sync_service.c,
jdwp_service.c, framebuffer_service.c, remount_services.c, usb_linux_clients.c, log_service.c
files only for adb console.c, adb_clients.c, file_sync_client.c,
usb_vendors.c, get_my_path_{linux,darwin,windows,freebsd}.c, usb_{linux,macos,libusb,windows}.c
![Page 13: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
How to get ADB logs
For adb clients and adb server, set environment variable ADB_TRACE
For adbd, set system property ”persist.adb.trace_mask”
http://blog.kmckk.com/archives/4080002.html
![Page 14: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Sequence chart
ls
host:version
OKAY0004001d
host:transport-any
OKAY
OKAY
shell:ls[OPEN]shell:ls
[OPEN]shell:ls
[WRITE]len=247
len=247
len=247
stdout
subprocess
adbdAdb serverAdb client“adb shell ls”
Check version
Specify the destination
Commandto adbd
![Page 15: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Simple ruby script to connect to adb server
require 'socket'def error_exit puts "Error" exit 1enddef send_to_adb(s, msg) s.printf("%04x%s", msg.length, msg)enddef check_okay(s) (s.read(4) == "OKAY")enddef check_version(s) (s.read(12) == "OKAY0004001d")end
hostname = 'localhost'port = 5037s = TCPSocket.open(hostname, port)send_to_adb(s, "host:version")error_exit if ! check_version(s)s.close
s = TCPSocket.open(hostname, port)send_to_adb(s, "host:transport-any")error_exit if ! check_okay(s)send_to_adb(s, "shell:ls")error_exit if ! check_okay(s)while line = s.gets puts line.chopends.close
change ”shell:ls” as you like. http://blog.kmckk.com/archives/4092210.html
![Page 16: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Command details
adb logcat adb install/uninstall adb reboot screen capture from DDMS
![Page 17: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Secure mode
Android smart phone products have adbd. Usually it runs on secure mode. (secure = 1)
if secure == 1, change adbd as SHELL user(= not privileged), else it keeps running as root user
In secure mode, all services invoked by adbd ran as SHELL user. Some causes ”permission denied”.
![Page 18: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
How secure mode decided
Running on emulator → secure = 0 System property ”ro.secure” == 1 → secure = 1
if ”ro.debuggable” == 1, you can restart adb unsecure by ”adb root”
All Android phone products are shipped in ”ro.secure” = 1, ”ro.debuggable” = 0.
See adb.c: adb_main
![Page 19: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Add USB Vendor ID
When connecting USB device, adb checks USB Vendor ID
Many USB Vendor IDs are hard coded in adb. (But not enough)
To add USB Vendor ID, make ”$HOME/.android/adb_usb.ini” and write one ID in one line
See usb_vendors.c
![Page 20: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Switching transport mode
$ adb shell netcfglo UP 127.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 0x00000049eth0 UP 192.168.1.139 255.255.255.0 0x00001043$ adb tcpip 5555restarting in TCP mode port : 5555$ adb devicesList of devices attached
$
$ adb kill-server$ ADBHOST=192.168.1.139 adb devices* daemon not running. starting it now on port 5037 ** daemon started successfully *List of devices attachedemulator-5554 device
$
Switching USB mode to TCP mode
disconnected from USB. Then restart adb server with specifying target IP address.
![Page 21: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Switching transport mode (What happen inside?)
See service.c restart_tcp_service property_set(”service.adb.tcp.port”, value);
Note: before Android 4.0, this cause ”permission denied” in secure mode and ignored silently!
After that, exit(1); init restarts adbd. ”service.adb.tcp.port” is checked in adb.c adb_main
![Page 22: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Tips
adb emu adb backup/restore Joke commands Modify emulator to allow any server socket
![Page 23: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
adb emu
You can send a single command to emulator console easily
send only. can not receive. For emulator console,
http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/devices/emulator.html
Simple example. ”adb emu window scale 0.5” after starting emulator
http://blog.kmckk.com/archives/4091258.html
![Page 24: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
adb backup/restore
New in Android 4.0 You can backup/restore installed applications
with their saved status.
![Page 25: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Joke commands
adb hell same as ”adb shell” except ”hell” color :) Just try.
adb lolcat same as ”adb logcat”
![Page 26: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Modify emulator to allow any server socket
Adb clients
Adb server
Adbd
Host
Emulator
TCP port:5037
QEMUTCP
Adb server
Adb clients
TCP port:5037
Adb clients
TCP port:5037
Other host
All server sockets in Android emulator accepts only from localhost.If you feel inconvenient in this restriction, apply the patch in next page. http://blog.kmckk.com/archives/3882865.html
![Page 27: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Patch to allow any server socket (for experience)
diff --git a/slirp-android/socket.c b/slirp-android/socket.cindex 439590a..ed16d5a 100644--- a/slirp-android/socket.c+++ b/slirp-android/socket.c@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ solisten(u_int port, u_int32_t laddr, u_int lport, int flags) so->so_laddr_ip = laddr; /* Ditto */ so->so_haddr_port = port; - s = socket_loopback_server( port, SOCKET_STREAM );+ s = socket_inaddr_any_server( port, SOCKET_STREAM ); if (s < 0) return NULL; diff --git a/sockets.c b/sockets.cindex 1063339..55b5d57 100644--- a/sockets.c+++ b/sockets.c@@ -1337,6 +1337,11 @@ socket_in_client( SockAddress* to, SocketType type ) return socket_connect_client( s, to ); } +int+socket_inaddr_any_server( int port, SocketType type )+{+ return socket_in_server( INADDR_ANY, port, type );+} int socket_loopback_server( int port, SocketType type )
![Page 28: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Advanced Topics
adb in Android device Port adbd to other than Android
![Page 29: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
adb in Android device
Usually, adb is running on the host side, such as Linux, MacOS and Windows
In Android 4.0 there is /system/bin/adb in Android file system
What for is this?
![Page 30: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Connect its own adbd by adb Restart adbd in TCP mode Then type ”adb devices” It can connect its own adbd by local loop back
Adb clients
Adb serverAdbd
Target device
TCP port:5038
TCP
But what is the use case?
http://blog.kmckk.com/archives/4092970.html
![Page 31: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Connect other Android device by adb on Android
USB Host(A connector)
USB device(micro B connector)
NexusOne(Android 2.3.6)
KZM-A9-Dual board(Android 4.0.3)
http://blog.kmckk.com/archives/4094716.html
![Page 32: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
# adb devices* daemon not running. starting it now on port 5038 ** daemon started successfully *List of devices attachedHT015P803242 device
#
It worked!You can do ”adb shell”, ”adb logcat”, too.
Even you can install application from the board to NexusOne by ”adb install foo.apk”.
At the serial console on KZM-A9-Dual board
![Page 33: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Port adbd to other than Android
Quick hack! Consider dependency for better porting
![Page 34: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
Quick hack!
/sbin/adbd is statically linked executable. Just copy this file to ARM Ubuntu 11.10 just for
experience (using Android patched kernel) Somehow, it worked without any recompilation
sudo chmod 666 /dev/android_adb* make symbolic link /bin/sh to /system/bin/sh adbd runs in secure mode It worked ”adb shell”, ”adb push/pull”
http://blog.kmckk.com/archives/4093193.html
![Page 35: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
Consider dependency for better porting
Some service requires other android commands
adb install/uninstall, adb bugreport framebuffer service invokes /system/bin/screencap
Adbd uses Android property system At the binary experiment, all property_get returns
default values. That's why adbd ran in secure mode.
Switching adbd mode assumed that init restarts adbd process
![Page 36: Android Debug Bridge](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022020200/55cf9b81550346d033a6522a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
Q & A
Thank you for listening!Any comments to blogs are welcome.