Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt

Ancient Mesopotamia

Chapter 3Section 1The Fertile CrescentStandardsH-SS 6.2 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the early civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Kush.E-LA Reading 6.2.3 Clarify and connect main ideas by identifying their relationship to other sources and related topics.

Anticipatory SetCan you locate the Tigris and Euphrates River?

ObjectiveYou will learn about farming improvements and how better farming methods led to the rise of cities and the worlds first civilization in a land known as Mesopotamia.

Language of the DisciplineIrrigation- a system of watering crops.Population- number of people.City-state- made up of a city and the surrounding land and villages that it controls.Barter- a trading system in which people exchange goods directly without using money.

The Land Between the Rivers

The Land Between the RiversAncient Mesopotamia is surrounded by bodies of water

The Land Between the RiversAncient Mesopotamia is surrounded by bodies of waterMediterranean Sea and Persian GulfEuphrates River and Tigris River

The Land Between the RiversAncient Mesopotamia is surrounded by bodies of waterMediterranean Sea and Persian GulfEuphrates River and Tigris RiverThe land became known as The Fertile CrescentProvided Sumerians with rich, fertile soil for farming

Weather Issues

Weather IssuesSumerians had long dry summers

Weather IssuesSumerians had long dry summersThere was no rain for months and the ground became hard and rocky.Due to the bodies of water surrounding the land = frequent floodsSometimes villages were swept away = danger.

Agricultural Techniques

Agricultural TechniquesSumerians developed an irrigation system to assist with watering crops.Adaptation to the hot summers and flooding

Agricultural TechniquesSumerians developed an irrigation systemAdaptation to the hot summers and floodingFrom this Sumerians enjoyed a plentiful flood supply

Agricultural TechniquesSumerians developed an irrigation systemAdaptation to the hot summers and floodingFrom this Sumerians enjoyed a plentiful flood supplyPopulation increasedCity- States formed across the region which were made up the surrounding land and villages.

Check for UnderstandingPlease determine the BEST answer for the following question.Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teachers signal. On the teachers signal, hold up your white boards.

Checking for UnderstandingName one of the challenges of farming in Mesopotamia?Answers can be:Flood waters washed away the fertile soil and made farming difficult.Many times, floodwaters destroyed whole villages.Most of the region beyond the rivers was a desert where nothing could grow.Checking for UnderstandingWhat rivers did farmers live?AnswerFarmers lived on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.Checking for Understanding_______________ is a system of watering crops.IrrigationGuided Practice/Independent PracticeGuided PracticeComplete questions 1 - 2 on the reading comprehension worksheet.Raise your hand and wait to get stamped.If you received an R go to the back table with Ms. Graham.Independent PracticeOnce you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 3 and 4 on the reading comprehension worksheet.HomeworkNote-taking guide on the reverse side.Chapter 3Section 2The Civilizations of SumorStandardsH-SS6.2.3 Understand the relationship between religion and the social and political order in Mesopotamia and Egypt.E-LA Reading 6.2.3 Connectand clarify main ideas by identifying their relationships to other sources and related topics.ObjectiveYou will learn how religion and government supported the social order of Sumer. You will also learn about some of the achievements of the Sumerian civilization.

Anticipatory Set

Think back to when you first learned how to write?Was it hard?Could people easily read what you wrote?Scribes became an important part of Mesopotamia when they began to document everything.

Language of the DisciplinePolytheism- they worshiped many gods.Scribe- a person who was trained to write and keep records in ancient times.Kingship- a government headed by a king.Law code- a written set of laws. Technology- the application of human intelligence in problems to create new and better ways of doing things.

Social Order

Social OrderAs city-states grew so did the social orderSocial order was supported by religious and political leaders

Social OrderAs city-states grew so did the social orderSocial order was supported by religious and political leadersPriests were the lifeblood of Sumerian civilization

Social OrderAs city-states grew so did the social order.Social order was supported by religious and political leaders.Priests were the lifeblood of Sumerian civilization.Communicated with the gods, ran the temples, and developed an early system of writing to track goods.They believed that the gods ate, drank, slept, and married.

Social OrderAs city-states grew so did the social order.Social order was supported by religious and political leaders.Priests were the lifeblood of Sumerian civilization.Communicated with the gods, ran the temples, and developed an early system of writing to track goods. Scribes were trained to write and keep record.Eventually military leaders were allowed to govern city-states.

Kingship

KingshipThe idea of kingship developed

KingshipThe idea of kingship developedAdvances in technology and learning grewEarly writing system developed

KingshipThe idea of kingship developedAdvances in technology and learning grewEarly writing system developedFrom pictures of ideas to shapes representing a soundAn alphabet was createdSumerians wrote the first mathematics books and created a number system based on 60, which is still used to tell time and help with measuring circles today.

Check for UnderstandingPlease determine the BEST answer for the following question.Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teachers signal. On the teachers signal, hold up your white boards.

Checking for UnderstandingSumerians believed that their gods got married, ate and drank, and ____________?AnswerAteChecking for UnderstandingCities grew because of trade, increased population, new technology, and_________ AnswerFarming methods that brought about a food surplus.Checking forUnderstandingA _________________was a person who was trained to write and keep records in ancient times.AnswerScribeGuided Practice/Independent PracticeGuided PracticeComplete questions 1 - 2 on the reading comprehension worksheet.Raise your hand and wait to get stamped.If you received an R go to the back table with Ms. Graham.Independent PracticeOnce you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 3 and 4 on the reading comprehension worksheet.HomeworkNote-taking guide on the reverse side.Chapter 3Section 4The First EmpiresStandardsH-SS: 6.2.4 Know the significance of Hammurabis Code.E-LA Reading 6.2.3 Connectand clarify main ideas by identifying their relationships to other sources and related topics.Anticipatory SetCould you imagine a world without laws?What would happen if no one had to follow any rules?Well, Hammurabi created the first law code in Mesopotamia. His ideas would change our world forever.

ObjectiveYou will learn how strong rulers finally conquered the city-states to create the worlds first empires. You will also read how a ruler named Hammurabi tried to unite Mesopotamia under one law code, or set of laws.

Language of the Discipline1. Conquest- when one people defeats and controls another.2. Empire- a group of countries or peoples who are ruled by one government.3. Chariots- wheeled war vehicles.4. Barbarians- people without civilization.

Conflict

ConflictConflict increased as city-states grewConflictConflict increased as city-states grewSargon the Great conquered city-states and formed Mesopotamias first empire called The Akkadian Empire.Spread Sumerian civilization for more than 50 years. The Akkadian people adopted the Sumerian farming techniques, cuneiform writing, and even religion.

Law Code

Law CodeAfter Sargons death, Sumer was united by Ur-NammuIssued the first known law code

Law CodeAfter Sargons death, Sumer was united by Ur-NammuIssued the first known law codeThe next king, Hammurabi, issued codes of laws for his people to followThe law code was carved in stone for people to see. He wanted people to know the laws that they were to live by.

Law CodeThe code was important because1. It was the first known attempt by a ruler to use laws to unite an empire.2. It provided historians with a great deal of information about life in Mesopotamia.

Check for UnderstandingPlease determine the BEST answer for the following question.Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teachers signal. On the teachers signal, hold up your white boards.

People without civilization were known as_________________.AnswerBarbarians Check for UnderstandingWhat did Hammurabi do so that all of his people knew his laws?AnswerKing Hammurabi wrote or carved his law code on huge stones that hung for people to see.Check for UnderstandingHow did Sargon unite Mesopotamia?AnswerSargon united Mesopotamia by creating Mesopotamias first empire with a well equipped army.Check for UnderstandingGuided Practice/Independent PracticeGuided PracticeComplete questions 1 - 2 on the reading comprehension worksheet.Raise your hand and wait to get stamped.If you received an R go to the back table with Ms. Graham.Independent PracticeOnce you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 3 and 4 on the reading comprehension worksheet.HomeworkNote-taking guide on the reverse side.BonanzaVarious ArtistsTV Theme SongsiTunes 10.6.3