ancient egypt & kush (nubia)
DESCRIPTION
Ancient Egypt & Kush (Nubia). Archaic Period. Menes (Narmer) united upper and lower Egypt capital was Memphis Egypt’s first Pharaoh “Great House” started Egypt’s first Dynasty. The Old Kingdom. 2686 – 2181 BC. Pyramid Builders. Imhotep master architect Djoser Step Pyramid Snefru - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Ancient Egypt & Kush (Nubia)
Archaic Period
•Menes (Narmer)– united upper and lower Egypt
capital was Memphis
– Egypt’s first Pharaoh• “Great House”
– started Egypt’s first Dynasty
The Old Kingdom2686 – 2181 BC
Pyramid Builders
• Imhotep– master architect
•Djoser– Step Pyramid
•Snefru– Red Pyramid (true pyramid)
•Khufu (Cheops)– Great Pyramid of Giza
Pyramid Builders
•Pyramids– tombs; Old Kingdom
•Engineering– the application of scientific
knowledge for practical purposes … uh … what?
– ex. using a 43.5° angle for the pyramids to avoid collapse
Mummification
•Afterlife– life after death;
focus of Egyptian Religion
•Mummies– help the “ka” find it’s body
•Ka– life spirit
Mummification
•“Pyramid Texts”– describe the journey of a dead pharaoh into
the afterlife“Re gives you his arm on the stairway to the sky.”
•Sarcophagus– bone box; decorated coffin
•Canopic Jars– held internal organs of mummy
Gods and Goddesses
•Re (Rah or Amen-Re)– sun god
•Anubis– god of the dead and
mummification; jackal headed
Gods and Goddesses
•Osiris– god of the underworld
• Isis– goddess of magic
•Horus– sky god; god of the pharaohs
First Intermediate Period
•Political Chaos Two Capitals– Northern Egypt ruled at Memphis– Southern Egypt ruled at Thebes
The Middle Kingdom1991 – 1786 BC
Middle Kingdom
•Mentuhotep II– reunited Egypt
to begin the Middle Kingdom
•“Renaissance”– “rebirth” of Egypt– classical period of art and literature– Egypt conquers Kush and gains wealth
Second Intermediate Period
•Hyksos– invaders from Southwest Asia– chariots and high-powered bows
•Ahmose– defeated the
Hyksos– started the
New Kingdom
The New Kingdom1567 – 1085 BC
New Kingdom•Queen Hatshepsut
– mother of Thutmose III
– ran things; expaned trade
– wore a beard !!!
Thutmose III (Tutmosis)– killed his mom ???
– great conqueror
– expanded Egypt throughout Nubia and Middle East
New Kingdom
•Akhenaton (Amenhotep IV)– monotheism; worshipped Aton “the
sun disc”
•Tutankhamen (Tutankhaton)– restored old religion– buried in the Valley of the Kings – tomb found in 1922 by Howard Carter
New Kingdom
•Ramses the Great– ruled for 67 years, 100 children– great builder of temples– defeated the Sea People
New Kingdom
•Moses– during the time of Ramses ???
•Sea People– Ramses defeats them,
but bankrupted Egyptto do it