ancient communities chapter 3. paleo-indians 30,000-15,000 b.c. the first humans came to north...
TRANSCRIPT
Ancient Communities
Chapter 3
Paleo-Indians30,000-15,000 B.C.
• The first humans came to North America from Asia.• During Ice Age, they walked across
Beringia, a land bridge.• From Beringia, they moved southward.• After Ice Age, water flooded Beringia
creating the Bering Strait.
Big-Game Hunters25,000-5,000 B.C.
• Reached OK as early as 11,000 years ago.• Domebo Site (Caddo County)=mammoth
with Clovis Points (spearheads)• Folsom Point (Harper County), almost as
old• Ate seeds, nuts, and roasted meat; had
fire
Foragers5000 B.C.-A.D.1
• Still hunted, but did not follow migrating animals• In fall and winter, lived in caves• Killed smaller animals=better hunters
(atlatl)• Gathered food also• Petroglyphs
Early FarmersA.D. 1-1000
• Grew maize (corn), beans, pumpkins, and squash• Pottery• Had to be near rivers and creeks
Golden Age of Prehistory
About A.D. 900
Social Times
West differed from East
Plains Village FarmersA.D. 800-1400
• Traders• Skilled farmers• More effective hunters due to bow and
arrow• Bison most important game• Celebrated and thought about mysteries
and meaning of life• Drier climate caused crop failure ending
their way of life
Caddoan Mound BuildersA.D. 1000-1500
• Made huge earthen mounds that were foundations of temples, public buildings, homes of chiefs, or burial sites for the wealthy• Spiro=11 mounds on Arkansas River (LeFlore
County)• Traders• Artisans• Religious, life after death• Drought too ended their society
