ancestors of thermodynamics p m v subbarao professor mechanical engineering department i i t delhi...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ancestors of Thermodynamics
P M V SubbaraoProfessor
Mechanical Engineering Department
I I T Delhi
Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics …..
![Page 2: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Family of Steam Engines
A Hardware Responsible for the Greatest Engineering Science
![Page 3: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Original Design of Savery Engine
![Page 4: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Thermodynamic Analysis of Savery Engine - 1
![Page 6: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Thermodynamic Analysis of Savery Engine - 2
![Page 7: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Thermodynamic Analysis of Savery Engine - 3
![Page 8: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Family of Steam Engines
![Page 12: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
James Watts Engine
![Page 13: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Model for Working of Muscle
![Page 18: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Performance of Muscle Generating Cyclic Force
![Page 19: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Cyclic Performance of Leg Muscle
![Page 20: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Working of An Isolated Muscle
![Page 21: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Cyclic Operation of Heart
![Page 22: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Description of Heart Cycle
• A is the end-diastolic point; this is the point where contraction begins.
• Pressure starts to increase, becomes rapidly higher than the atrial pressure, and the mitral valve closes.
• Since pressure is also lower than the aortic pressure, the aortic valve is closed as well.
• Segment AB is the contraction phase.
• Since both the mitral and aortic valves are closed, volume is constant.
• For this reason, this phase is called isovolumic contraction.
• At point B, pressure becomes higher than the aortic pressure and the aortic valve opens, initiating ejection.
![Page 23: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
• BC is the ejection phase, volume decreases.
• At the end of this phase, pressure lowers again and falls below aortic pressure.
• The aortic valve closes.
• Point C is the end-systolic point.
• Segment CD is the isovolumic relaxation.
• During this phase, pressure continues to fall.
• The mitral valve and aortic valve are both closed again so volume is constant.
• At point D pressure falls below the atrial pressure and the mitral valve opens, initiating ventricular filling.
• DA is the diastolic filling period.
• Blood flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
• Atrial contraction completes ventricular filling.
![Page 24: Ancestors of Thermodynamics P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi Beak through Inventions for Formulation of Thermodynamics](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062809/5697c02d1a28abf838cd9e17/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Cyclic Operation of deceased Heart