anatomy of sea turtles - school of veterinary … of sea turtles jeanette wyneken, phd florida...

ANATOMY OF SEA ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University Florida Atlantic University

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Page 1: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

ANATOMY OF SEA ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLESTURTLES

Jeanette Wyneken, PhDJeanette Wyneken, PhDFlorida Atlantic UniversityFlorida Atlantic University

Page 2: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

External Parts, Key CharacteristicsExternal Parts, Key Characteristics

Page 3: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Key CharacteristicsKey Characteristics

Page 4: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Species Species IdentificationIdentification

PreocularScale

Natator depressus

From D.R. Mader 2005 Reptile Medicine and Surgery, 2nd Ed.

Page 5: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Sea Turtle Species of the WorldSea Turtle Species of the World

Photo: Matthew Godfrey

Green Turtle

Loggerhead Turtle

Hawksbill Turtle

Flatback Turtle

Leatherback Turtle

Page 6: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Sea Turtle Species of the WorldSea Turtle Species of the World

Photo: Matthew Godfrey

Green Turtle

Loggerhead Turtle

Hawksbill Turtle

Flatback Turtle

Leatherback Turtle

Page 7: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Characteristics – ridley

Page 8: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Characteristics – ridley

Identified by having more than 5 costal scutes

Page 9: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Characteristics – ridleyDistinct Infra-marginal pores which lead to Rathke’sSimilar glands in freshwater turtles produces scent

Page 10: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

The Shell & SkeletonThe Shell & Skeleton

Page 11: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

The Shell & SkeletonThe Shell & Skeleton

Page 12: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

How to take at turtle apart

Page 13: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Who, What, Where, WhenWho, What, Where, When

Page 14: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Inside the Inside the Inside the Inside the Carapace PlastronCarapace Plastron

Page 15: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Heart / Heart / Ext.JugularExt.Jugular

Page 16: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

InsideInside andand InternalInternal LandmarksLandmarks

Page 17: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

InsideInside andand InternalInternal LandmarksLandmarks

Page 18: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Basic Gastrointestinal AnatomyBasic Gastrointestinal Anatomy

Oral Cavity

Large SmallIntestine Intestine

Cloaca

Alimentary Canal: esophagus, stomach, intestines & cloacaAlimentary Canal: esophagus, stomach, intestines & cloaca

Page 19: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Oral Cavity (Oral Cavity (BuccalBuccal Cavity)Cavity)

Mouth: Prey capture and transport, also display.

Teeth: No!

Rhamphotheca or beak: cutting & crushing, also aggression & defense

Tongue: Taste food manipulation

Page 20: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

RhamphothecaRhamphotheca =Beak=BeakRhamphotheca (or beak) varieties:•Cusped,thick & crushing,•Serrated and clipping, •Thin and slicing•Species-specific

Page 21: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

D.R. Mader Photo

Minimally mobile tongue compared with tortoises

Page 22: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Jaw & Jaw Joint Jaw & Jaw Joint

Page 23: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Basic AnatomyBasic Anatomy

Oral Cavity

Large SmallIntestine Intestine

Cloaca

Alimentary Canal: esophagus, stomach, intestines & cloacaAlimentary Canal: esophagus, stomach, intestines & cloaca

Page 24: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

EsophagusEsophagus-- tube to the stomachtube to the stomach

Page 25: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

EsophagusEsophagus-- tube to the stomachtube to the stomach

Page 26: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

EsophagusEsophagus

Esophagus is similar in most sea turtles; muscular wall with papillae lining lumen.

Page 27: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Intestines Intestines and glandsand glands

Page 28: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

GIGI DiversityDiversity in Sea Turtlesin Sea Turtles

Page 29: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

CloacalCloacal FormForm

Proctodeum Urodeum Coprodeum Rectum

CoprodeumUrodeumProctodeum

P U C RP U C R

Urinary bladderUrinary bladder

Page 30: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

CloacalCloacal AnatomyAnatomy

P U C RP U C R

Page 31: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Gonadal Systems

ImmatureOvary Ovary Testis

Page 32: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Gonadal Systems

ImmatureOvary Maturing Ovary Testis

& Oviduct w/ eggs

Page 33: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Lungs & HeartLungs & Heart Lung Longitudinal SectionLung Longitudinal Section

Page 34: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

Brain & Sense Organs

Page 35: ANATOMY OF SEA TURTLES - School of Veterinary … OF SEA TURTLES Jeanette Wyneken, PhD Florida Atlantic University. ... Green Turtle Loggerhead Turtle Hawksbill Turtle Flatback Turtle

D.R. Mader photo

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The Anatomy of Sea Turtles - Woods Hole Oceanographic ...csi.whoi.edu/sites/default/files/literature/SeaTurtle Anatomy Part... · The Anatomy of Sea Turtles Jeanette Wyneken,

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RED LIST ASSESSMENT - Web viewAvens L, Snover ML. 2013. Age and age estimation in sea turtles, In: The biology of sea turtles. Volume III. (eds) J. Wyneken, K.J. Lohmann, J.A. Musick,

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