AnatomyAnatomy

MusclesMuscles

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Muscles of the HipMuscles of the Hip

1. Iliacus1. Iliacus 2. Psoas Major2. Psoas Major 7. Gluteus minimus7. Gluteus minimus 8. Gluteus medius8. Gluteus medius 10. Gluteus maximus10. Gluteus maximus

1. Iliacus1. Iliacus

OriginOrigin – Iliac – Iliac

InsertionInsertion – tendon of – tendon of PsoasPsoas

Action – Hip flexion, Action – Hip flexion, (with Psoas major)(with Psoas major)

2. Psoas Major2. Psoas Major

OriginOrigin – T12 and – T12 and Lumbar vertebraeLumbar vertebrae

InsertionInsertion – lesser – lesser trochanter, femurtrochanter, femur

Action - hip flexionAction - hip flexion

7. Gluteus 7. Gluteus MinimusMinimus8. Gluteus Medius8. Gluteus Medius

OriginOrigin – Iliac, – Iliac, lateral surface lateral surface

InsertionInsertion – greater – greater trochanter trochanter

Action - abductionAction - abduction

10. Gluteus 10. Gluteus MaximusMaximus

OriginOrigin – iliac, sacrum, – iliac, sacrum, coccyxcoccyx

InsertionInsertion – gluteal – gluteal tuberosity, IT bandtuberosity, IT band

Action – extension of Action – extension of thighthigh

Anterior Muscles of the ThighAnterior Muscles of the Thigh

11. Vastus lateralis11. Vastus lateralis 12. Vastus medialis12. Vastus medialis 13. Vastus intermedius13. Vastus intermedius 14. Rectus Femoris14. Rectus Femoris 15. Sartorius15. Sartorius

Muscles of the ThighMuscles of the ThighQuadricepsQuadriceps

11.Vastus Lateralis11.Vastus Lateralis 13.Vastus Intermidius13.Vastus Intermidius 12.Vastus Medilais12.Vastus Medilais

OriginOrigin – Greater – Greater TrochanterTrochanter

InsertionInsertion – tibia via – tibia via patellapatella

Action – leg extensionAction – leg extension

14. Rectus 14. Rectus FemorisFemoris

OriginOrigin – Ilium, acetabulum – Ilium, acetabulum

InsertionInsertion – tibia via patella – tibia via patella

Action – leg extensionAction – leg extension

PLUS some hip flexionPLUS some hip flexion

15. Sartorius15. Sartorius

OriginOrigin – iliac spine – iliac spine

InsertionInsertion – tibia, – tibia, medial shaftmedial shaft

Action – lateral Action – lateral rotation of thighrotation of thigh

Posterior Muscles of the ThighPosterior Muscles of the Thigh

16. Semimembranosus16. Semimembranosus 17. Semitendinosus17. Semitendinosus 18. Biceps femoris18. Biceps femoris

16.Semimembranosus16.Semimembranosus17.Semitendinosus17.SemitendinosusOriginOrigin – ischial tuberosity – ischial tuberosity

InsertionInsertion – tibia medial condyle – tibia medial condyle

Action – leg flexionAction – leg flexion

18. Biceps Femoris18. Biceps Femoris

OriginOrigin – ischial tuberosity (long) – ischial tuberosity (long)

linea aspera of femurlinea aspera of femur

(short)(short)

InsertionInsertion – head of fibula – head of fibula

Action – leg flexionAction – leg flexion

Adductor Muscles of the ThighAdductor Muscles of the Thigh

19. Adductor magnus19. Adductor magnus 20. Adductor brevis20. Adductor brevis 21. Adductor longus21. Adductor longus

Adductor Brevis

19. Adductor magnus19. Adductor magnus20. Adductor brevis20. Adductor brevis21. Adductor longus21. Adductor longusOriginOrigin – Pubis – Pubis

InsertionInsertion - Femur - Femur

Action – adductionAction – adduction

Muscles of the LegMuscles of the Leg

The tendon splits at theThe tendon splits at the

Ankle into 5 branchesAnkle into 5 branches

4 to the lesser toes4 to the lesser toes

1 to the lateral foot1 to the lateral foot

24.Extensor digitorum longus24.Extensor digitorum longus

Hallux means big toeHallux means big toe

25.Extensor hallucis longus25.Extensor hallucis longus

26. Tibialis Anterior26. Tibialis Anterior

OriginOrigin – Tibia, lateral – Tibia, lateral

InsertionInsertion – medial tarsal – medial tarsal

Action – dorsi flexionAction – dorsi flexion

28. Flexor Hallucus longus28. Flexor Hallucus longus

30. Flexor digitorum longus30. Flexor digitorum longusAntagonists to the extensors!

31. Gastrocnemius31. Gastrocnemius

OriginOrigin – Femur – Femur

lateral condyleslateral condyles

InsertionInsertion - - TendocalcaneusTendocalcaneus

Action – Plantar flexionAction – Plantar flexion

31a. Soleus31a. Soleus

Muscles of the TrunkMuscles of the Trunk

Pectoralis MinorPectoralis Minor

OriginOrigin Ribs Ribs

InsertionInsertion – Coracoid – Coracoid

Action – brings Action – brings extended arm down extended arm down + adduction+ adduction

Pectoralis MajorPectoralis Major

OriginOrigin Sternum Sternum

InsertionInsertion – Humerus – Humerus

Action – brings Action – brings extended arm down extended arm down + adduction+ adduction

Rectus and Transverse AbdominusRectus and Transverse Abdominus

Internal and ExternalInternal and ExternalObliquesObliques

Muscles of the BackMuscles of the Back

20. 20. Latissumus Latissumus

DorsiDorsiOriginOrigin – T7-T12, – T7-T12,

all lumbar and all lumbar and sacral, iliac sacral, iliac crestcrest

InsertionInsertion – – humerus, humerus, bicipital bicipital groovegroove

Action – brings Action – brings extended arm extended arm down + down + adductionadduction

21.21.TrapeziusTrapezius

OriginOrigin – – Occipital, C7 Occipital, C7 and Thoracicand Thoracic

InsertionInsertion – spine – spine of scapulaof scapula

Action on Action on ScapulaScapula

Cervical - upCervical - up

Middle - midlineMiddle - midline

Lower - downLower - down

16. Rhomboids16. Rhomboids

Action – bring Action – bring Scapula towards Scapula towards each othereach other

Muscles of the ShoulderMuscles of the Shoulder

Rotator Cuff Rotator Cuff AnteriorAnterior

5. Subscapularis5. Subscapularis

OriginOrigin – Under – Under ScapulaScapula

InsertionInsertion – humerus – humerus

Action – lateral Action – lateral rotationrotation

Rotator Cuff Rotator Cuff PosteriorPosterior

OriginOrigin – – 1.Supraspinatus, 1.Supraspinatus, above spineabove spine

2.Infraspinatus, below 2.Infraspinatus, below

3.Teres minor, belower3.Teres minor, belower

InsertionInsertion – Humerus – Humerus

Action – Outward Action – Outward RotationRotation

6. Deltoid6. Deltoid

OriginOrigin – lateral 1/3 – lateral 1/3 of clavicle, of clavicle, acromion, acromion, scapulascapula

InsertionInsertion – – humerus, deltoid humerus, deltoid tuberositytuberosity

Action – raise the Action – raise the armarm

DeltoidDeltoid

Detailed look at the Detailed look at the originorigin

Muscles of the ArmMuscles of the Arm

8.Brachialis8.Brachialis

OriginOrigin – humerus, – humerus, below deltoid below deltoid insertioninsertion

InsertionInsertion – ulna – ulna

Action – Arm Action – Arm FlexionFlexion

9.Biceps Brachii9.Biceps Brachii

OriginOrigin – LH, Scapula – LH, Scapula above GH above GH articulation SH, articulation SH, corocoid processcorocoid process

InsertionInsertion – Radial – Radial tuberositytuberosity

Action – Arm FlexionAction – Arm Flexion

10.Triceps 10.Triceps BrachiiBrachii

O – Long, posteriorO – Long, posterior

Lateral, lateralLateral, lateral

Medial, lowerMedial, lower I – Ulna, OlecranonI – Ulna, Olecranon

F – Extension, elbowF – Extension, elbow

FlexorsFlexors

OriginOrigin – –

InsertionInsertion – –

Action – Action –

OriginOrigin – –

InsertionInsertion – –

Action – Action –

8.Sternocleidomastoid8.Sternocleidomastoid

OriginOrigin – manubrium, – manubrium, sternal head of sternal head of clavicleclavicle

InsertionInsertion – mastoid – mastoid processprocess

Action – turns the Action – turns the head, flexes the head head, flexes the head if both are contractedif both are contracted

15. Masseter15. Masseter

3. Orbicularis 3. Orbicularis OculiOculi

Encircles the eyeEncircles the eye

6. Orbicularis 6. Orbicularis OrisOris

Encircles the mouthEncircles the mouth