analytics: empowering operations @...
TRANSCRIPT
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Analytics: Empowering Operations @ UIDAI
Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)
www.uidai.gov.in
Delhi, 26th December 2012
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Contents
1. Project Overview: Context, features and implementation
2. Aadhaar as a Service Delivery Platform
3. Data Analytics @ UIDAI
4. Applications of Data Analytics: Few Examples
5. Sharing Data for further research
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PROJECT OVERVIEW
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Context of UIDs in India
• Provision of a robust, reusable ID to those who do not have any ID proof
• To clean up existing databases through Uniqueness
• Improve Targeting and Delivery of Services
• Reduce cost of Delivery of Services
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ID Projects have usually been created for security / immigration objectives, however
Aadhaar is a developmental initiative.
Aadhaar – The Foundation
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UIDAI’s Mandate
Provide Unique ID Number to all Residents
Enrolment is a one time process for the resident
Establishes Uniqueness
Define usages and applicability of Aadhaar for delivery of various services
Online Authentication services are designed to serve
this mandate
Online Authentication Establishes identity
Authentication is transactional and done at the
time of availing a service
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RSB
Y in
suran
ce Ban
k A
/C
Issue rations
NREGA jobs
Verifying ID is a common challenge
7
ID document ≠ ID
Multiple service providers,
same resident!
NREGA jobs
Establishing ID – poor
man’s problemBirth records
Address proof
Money to ‘beat’ the system
Poverty Premium
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RSB
Y in
suran
ce
Co
oki
ng
gas
ID is the only focus of UIDAI
www.uidai.gov.in 8
Issue rations
NREGA jobs
UID is just an instrument
Guarantee to identity
No guarantee to rights
No guarantee to
entitlements
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Features of AadhaarOnly Numbers – No Cards
Random Numbers – No Intelligence
Standard Attributes – No Profiling
All Residents – Including Children
No Guarantees to Rights, Citizenship Entitlements
Uniqueness – Ensured through biometric attributes
De-novo creation of database
Ubiquitous Authentication – anytime any where
Ensuring Security and Privacy of Information
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UIDAI will issue unique IDs …
Property of UIDAI - Highly confidential10
UID = 1568 3647 4958 6218
UID Unique number Random number
Basic demographic data and
biometrics stored centrally
Central UID database
Standardized identity attributes
No duplicates(1:N check)
Standard Know Your Resident
(KYR) process
Name
Parents
Gender
DoB
PoB
Address
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Name
Address
Gender
Date of birth
1 person1 number
4 demographics + 3 biometrics = 1 unique Aadhaar number
Photo
Both
iris
10 finger-
prints
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… and authenticate IDs online, real-time
Property of UIDAI - Highly confidential 12
UID = 1568 3647 4958 6218
Central UID database
1:1 check, no ID fraud
Only YES/NO response, no details – no invasion of privacy
Person can see self-details, no one else can
Authentication - ‘Are you
who you claim to be?’
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Information Collected
KYR Fields – Name, Address, Gender, DOB
Photo & Address Verification
Photo
10-fingerprints on Slap scanner
Iris Scan
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Iris
Pupil
1024 digit number
1024 digit number
Each iris has a unique pattern
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30+ minutiae extracted from each fingerprint
Fingerprint Minutiae template
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UIDAI defines and manages the two basic pillars of identity management..
Aad
haa
r En
rolm
en
t
Aad
haa
r A
uth
en
tica
tio
n
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Aad
haa
r En
rolm
en
t
Aad
haa
r A
uth
en
tica
tio
n
Service Delivery Agencies – Registrars/AUAs
Empanelled Enrolment Agencies
People Training & Certification Agencies
Monitoring & Audit Agencies
Consultants & Software Developers
Device Ecosystem
Network Providers & ASAs
Contact Centre
Technology Partners
.. & facilitates the ecosystem to enable reach & adoption..
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Aad
haa
r En
rolm
en
t
Aad
haa
r A
uth
en
tica
tio
n
Financial Inclusion
Cleaning Up Databases
Include the Marginalized
Efficient & Transparent Service Delivery
Service Delivery Agencies – Registrars/AUAs
Empanelled Enrolment Agencies
People Training & Certification Agencies
Monitoring & Audit Agencies
Consultants & Software Developers
Device Ecosystem
Network Providers & ASAs
Contact Centre
Technology Partners
..to catalyze improved outreach of service delivery to the residents
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Over-arching Goals and Design Choices
• Inclusion
• Scalability
• Cost
• Speed
• Open Source
• Platform
• Standards
• Inter-operable
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Aadhaar Technology Highlights• Aadhaar is the largest biometric identity system in the
world!
• Unprecedented scaling requirements
– The biometrics in every new enrolment packet coming today is compared against biometrics of 230+ million residents!!
• End to end data and system security and non-repudiation built-in
• Completely built on open standards and open source platforms
• Interoperability and vendor neutrality is not an after thought
21
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Aadhaar is an electronic Identity
• Unique
• Online
• Authenticable
• Portable
• Pan-India
• Service Delivery Platform based
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23
National Launch of Aadhaar
Aadhaar launched by PM and UPA Chairperson on September 29, 2010 in Nandurbar district, Maharashtra
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Enrolment Ecosystem
Resident
Enrolling Agencies
Registrars
UIDAI
www.uidai.gov.in
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Enrolment Kit
1 2
3
4 5 6
1
2
3
4
5
6
Item-wise description
Laptop with enrolment client
2nd monitor for live data verification by resident
Camera for photo capture
Iris scanner
Fingerprint slap scanner
Enrolment kit box
www.uidai.gov.in
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Enrolment Scale
www.uidai.gov.in
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Challenges of scale and reach
www.uidai.gov.in
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www.uidai.gov.in
Demand for Aadhaar …
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Aadhaar Letter
www.uidai.gov.in
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Logistics .. Reaching every resident in India
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DATA CAPTURE
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Relevance of Data Analytics
• Neutral & Objective– Facts validating opinion, increases confidence of team and
management in pursuing directions
• Cost Economics– Automation in data collection
– Quality of Insight – capability to understand trends across large sample space
• Empowers with Agility– New Initiatives and its impact can be analysed for rapid
course correction.
– Enables audit of large operations with details in low cost
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Automated Meta-data Capture
• Enrolment Packet– Individual Screen Timings– People Involved– Geographical Location– Several Quality parameters– Devices– Date & Time of Operations– Any Exceptions
• Sync Operations• Packet Upload• Visual Quality Checking• Biometric Uniqueness
• Aadhaar Generation• Print Letter Generation• Physical Letter Printing• Letter Dispatch• Confirmation / Return
• Authentication – Agency Involved– Type of authentication– Response Timings– Success/Failure– Failure Reasons
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Dimensions of the Projects• Scale
– Geographically – Daily Operations across India
– 25,000+ stations deployed
• Speed
– ~1m/day mark reached in less than 18 months of 1stAadhaar Generated
• Operations Model
– Public (Registrar) -Private (EA) partnership driven
Data Analytics plays a crucial role to provide neutral insight to UIDAI as well its partners.
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DATA ANALYTICS CASE STUDIES @ UIDAI
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CASE STUDY 1 – PACKET UPLOAD
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No. of Data packets Upload, to be monitored
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Monitoring & sharing the upload delay
Monitoring the
time-gap in
upload of packets
after enrolment,
understanding
implications of
this delay on
overall
operations,
enables policy
and penalties to
be defined to best
suit the project.
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All India – Upload Time Delay (days)
Monitoring & sharing packet upload delay information with partners,
incorporating new policy initiatives, has led to significant
improvement in minimising the delays.
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CASE STUDY 2– MONITORING ENROLMENT TIME
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Data Analytics empowers to differentiate the field reality from the
rumors. Here we monitor, changes to enrolment time with changes
in software version to evaluate between software improvement to
economic viability for partners and resident time involvement.
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Distribution of Enrolment Duration(min)
Deep-dive analysis on enrolment time, further provides insight on
majority of enrolment cases versus few outliers cases.
*sample size is 20-55Lac enrolments in each month
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*based on Jun-Nov 2012 Enrolments
Av Enrolment time among the top EA’s is spread between 4-9 min.
Impact of Agency’s Involvement, operator training etc brings in efficiency
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CASE STUDY 3– MONITORING QUALITY
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Demographic Error % with & without RGI
Suspension
Policy
Analysing Impact of Policy
Analysing Impact of new large partner
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Good Biometric: All 5 biometric images above threshold
UIDAI targets to have 80% Good Quality Enrolment
A reduction in biometric quality is observed and flagged to
the partners for corrective action.
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CASE STUDY 4 – EMPOWERING PARTNERS IN PROCESS COMPLIANCE OF FIELD OPERATIONS
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Comparing distribution of Aadhaar & Biometric Exception (BE)
Outliers : BE % is much
greater than Aadhaars
Generated %
48
Empowersthe management toidentify areas where detailed
audit is required.
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BE Cases – detailed analysis
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Daily Operator Report
Based on field investigations, a report isdesigned and generated daily, providing information at operator level, on Biometric Exceptions, Demographic Errors, Mid-night Enrolments etc to conveniently monitor field by the partners.
50
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Monitoring and awareness has lead to reduction in dubious Bio-
Metric exceptions cases.
Awareness is maintained with partners, that this monitoring
should not lead to exclusion of genuine Biometric Exception Cases
Aadhaar is always stretched itself to be as inclusive and resident
friendly as possible.
Biometric Exception as a % of Enrolment
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Comparing Station & Operator ProductivityFast operators > 150 Enrol /day
Top EAs with 200+ such operators
Convenient comparisons highlighting potential
process violation scenarios. A case of operator doing
parallel enrolments
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Weekly Parallel Enrolment Report
Partner are empowered with relevant data
to enable corrective action in the field.
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SHARING DATA @ UIDAI
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Sharing Data @ UIDAI
• Periodic MIS Reports
• BI Software – Pentaho – Open Source
• Presenting Analytics Findings in Internal Review & Technical Review Meetings
• Conducting Workshops with External Partners to share Analytics Findings
• We welcome researchers as Volunteers, Sabbatical and Interns
• Creating Platforms for research to utiliseannonymised data.
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Public Data Sharinghttps://portal.uidai.gov.in/
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Public Data Sharing
• GoI has notified the “National Data Sharing and Accessibility Policy (NDSAP)” in March 2012
• Datasets pertaining to Enrolment are available through the UIDAI data portal
• Data can be accessed manually as well as Programmatically
https://data.uidai.gov.inDataset Frequency
1 Aadhaar Generated by State, District Enrolment Daily, Incremental
2 Aadhaar Generated by Registrar-EA Enrolment Daily, Incremental
3 Aadhaar Generated by Gender &Age band Enrolment Daily, Incremental
4 Enrolments processed in detail Enrolment Daily, Incremental
5 Total Aadhaar Generated Enrolment Daily, Cumulative
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Thank You