analogies2

Working with Analogies

Working with Analogies

SPI 0801.5.5 Choose a logical word to complete an analogy, using synonyms, antonyms, homonyms, categories/subcategories, whole/part, functions, verb forms, rhymes, scrambled words, homophones.

Analogies test your ability to:

Analogies test your ability to:

• Recognize the relationship between the words in a word pair

• Recognize when two word pairs display equal relationships

• Recognize the relationship between the words in a word pair


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To answer an analogy question you must:

To answer an analogy question you must:

• Recognize the relationship between the words in the given word pair

• Select the answer containing words related to one another in most nearly the same way


• Recognize the relationship between the words in the given word pair

• Select the answer containing words related to one another in most nearly the same way


Analogies look like this:

Analogies look like this:

Up:Down ::Over:Under

Up is to Down as Over is to Under

Up:Down ::Over:Under

Up is to Down as Over is to Under

In what ways could these pairs of words be

related?

In what ways could these pairs of words be

related?• The relationship will always have to do with the meaning of the words

• The relationship will always have to do with the meaning of the words

I get it…they are opposites!

Examples of possible relationships in an analogy:

Examples of possible relationships in an analogy:• Synonyms or antonyms• A part to the whole• A member to the category that contains

it• Cause to effect (or effect to cause)• Varying degrees of a quantity or quality• Object to function

• Synonyms or antonyms• A part to the whole• A member to the category that contains

it• Cause to effect (or effect to cause)• Varying degrees of a quantity or quality• Object to function

Here is one example of Synonym relationships: Here is one example of Synonym relationships:

Infant:Baby::Grown-Up: _________?Infant:Baby::Grown-Up: _________?

Infant:Baby::Grown-Up:AdultInfant:Baby::Grown-Up:Adult

Here is one example of Antonym relationships:Here is one example of Antonym relationships:Big:Small::Full:_______?Big:Small::Full:_______?

Big:Small::Full:EmptyBig:Small::Full:Empty

Here is one example of Part to Whole relationships:

Here is one example of Part to Whole relationships:

Wheel:Car::Branch:_______?Wheel:Car::Branch:_______?

Wheel:Car::Branch:TreeWheel:Car::Branch:Tree

Here is one example of Member to Category

relationships:

Here is one example of Member to Category

relationships: Apple:Fruit::Carrot:_______?Apple:Fruit::Carrot:_______?

Apple:Fruit::Carrot:VegetableApple:Fruit::Carrot:Vegetable

Here is one example of Cause Effect relationships:

Here is one example of Cause Effect relationships:

Sliver:Pain::Heat:__________Sliver:Pain::Heat:__________

Sliver:Pain::Heat:BoilSliver:Pain::Heat:Boil

Here is one example Matters of Degree

relationships:

Here is one example Matters of Degree

relationships: Warm:Hot::Cool:______?Warm:Hot::Cool:______?

Warm:Hot::Cool:FrigidWarm:Hot::Cool:Frigid

Here is one example of Object to Function

relationships:

Here is one example of Object to Function

relationships: Truck:Transport::Oven:______?Truck:Transport::Oven:______?

Truck:Transport::Oven:bakeTruck:Transport::Oven:bake

PRACTICECan you identify the

relationship?


relationship?1.1. PLATOON:SOLDIERPLATOON:SOLDIER2.2. HOT:SCALDINGHOT:SCALDING3.3. STARVATION:BINGINGSTARVATION:BINGING4.4. GILLS:BREATHINGGILLS:BREATHING5.5. PERSUASIVE:CONVINCPERSUASIVE:CONVINC

INGING6.6. SOCCER:SPORTSOCCER:SPORT

1.1. PLATOON:SOLDIERPLATOON:SOLDIER2.2. HOT:SCALDINGHOT:SCALDING3.3. STARVATION:BINGINGSTARVATION:BINGING4.4. GILLS:BREATHINGGILLS:BREATHING5.5. PERSUASIVE:CONVINCPERSUASIVE:CONVINC


a) Synonyms or antonymsb) A part to the wholec) A member to the

category that contains itd) Cause to effect (or effect

to cause)e) Varying degrees of a

quantity or qualityf) Object to function


relationship?


relationship?1.1. PLATOON:SOLDIERPLATOON:SOLDIER2.2. HOT:SCALDINGHOT:SCALDING3.3. STARVATION:BINGINGSTARVATION:BINGING4.4. GILLS:BREATHINGGILLS:BREATHING5.5. PERSUASIVE:CONVINCPERSUASIVE:CONVINC


1.1. PLATOON:SOLDIERPLATOON:SOLDIER2.2. HOT:SCALDINGHOT:SCALDING3.3. STARVATION:BINGINGSTARVATION:BINGING4.4. GILLS:BREATHINGGILLS:BREATHING5.5. PERSUASIVE:CONVINCPERSUASIVE:CONVINC


a) Synonyms or antonymsb) A part to the wholec) A member to the

category that contains itd) Cause to effect (or effect

to cause)e) Varying degrees of a

quantity or qualityf) Object to function

b

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Approaches that may be helpful in answering analogy

questions:

Approaches that may be helpful in answering analogy

questions:• Try to determine the precise relationship

between the words in the given pair• Form a sentence that captures the

relationship between the two words• Then look for the answer choice

containing the word pair whose relationship is closest to that of the given pair and can be expressed in a similar fashion

• Try to determine the precise relationship between the words in the given pair

• Form a sentence that captures the relationship between the two words

• Then look for the answer choice containing the word pair whose relationship is closest to that of the given pair and can be expressed in a similar fashion

ExampleExampleAPPLE : FRUIT ::A. Salad : MixB. Orange: BananaC. Juice : CanD. Slice : CoreE. Butterfly: Insect

APPLE : FRUIT ::A. Salad : MixB. Orange: BananaC. Juice : CanD. Slice : CoreE. Butterfly: Insect

ExampleExampleAPPLE : FRUIT ::A. Salad : MixB. Orange: BananaC. Juice : CanD. Slice : Core

E.E. Butterfly:InsectButterfly:Insect

APPLE : FRUIT ::A. Salad : MixB. Orange: BananaC. Juice : CanD. Slice : Core

E.E. Butterfly:InsectButterfly:Insect

How do you know if you have a good sentence?How do you know if you have a good sentence?• Look at the answer choices• If more than one answer choice

seems to fit, then your sentence is too general

• If none of them work, then your sentence is too specific

• Look at the answer choices• If more than one answer choice

seems to fit, then your sentence is too general

• If none of them work, then your sentence is too specific

ExampleExamplePEN : WRITE ::A. Pencil : SharpenB. Ink : BlueC. Letter : ComposeD. Knife : CutE. Mistake : Erase

PEN : WRITE ::A. Pencil : SharpenB. Ink : BlueC. Letter : ComposeD. Knife : CutE. Mistake : Erase

ExampleExamplePEN : WRITE ::A. Pencil : SharpenB. Ink : BlueC. Letter : Compose

D.Knife : CutE. Mistake : Erase

PEN : WRITE ::A. Pencil : SharpenB. Ink : BlueC. Letter : Compose

D.Knife : CutE. Mistake : Erase

Helpful Approaches con’t:Helpful Approaches con’t:• Pay attention to the order of the words in

the pair• Pay attention to the parts of speech• The relationships you need to explain will

be constant relationships• Analogy questions are vocabulary intensive• Remember that a single word can have

several different meaning • Never decide on the best answer without

reading all the answer choices• Practice recognizing and formulating

relationships between word pairs

• Pay attention to the order of the words in the pair

• Pay attention to the parts of speech• The relationships you need to explain will

be constant relationships• Analogy questions are vocabulary intensive• Remember that a single word can have

several different meaning • Never decide on the best answer without

reading all the answer choices• Practice recognizing and formulating

relationships between word pairs

PracticePractice

Large : Big:: A. Remember : ForgetB. Triumph: SuccessC. Nostril : SmellD. Audio : HearE. Glasses : See

Large : Big:: A. Remember : ForgetB. Triumph: SuccessC. Nostril : SmellD. Audio : HearE. Glasses : See

PracticePractice

Large : Big:: A. Remember : Forget

B. Triumph: SuccessC. Nostril : SmellD. Audio : HearE. Glasses : See

Large : Big:: A. Remember : Forget

B. Triumph: SuccessC. Nostril : SmellD. Audio : HearE. Glasses : See

PracticePracticeBat : HitterA. Score: WinB. Walk : RunC. Mars : VenusD. Stick : Hockey PlayerE. Basketball: Hoop

Bat : HitterA. Score: WinB. Walk : RunC. Mars : VenusD. Stick : Hockey PlayerE. Basketball: Hoop

PracticePracticeBat : HitterA. Score: WinB. Walk : RunC. Mars : Venus

D.Stick : Hockey PlayerE. Basketball: Hoop

Bat : HitterA. Score: WinB. Walk : RunC. Mars : Venus

D.Stick : Hockey PlayerE. Basketball: Hoop

PracticePractice

Come : Came::A. Walk : WalkingB. Ride : RodeC. Left : ArrivedD. Did : Had DoneE. See : Seen

Come : Came::A. Walk : WalkingB. Ride : RodeC. Left : ArrivedD. Did : Had DoneE. See : Seen

PracticePractice

Come : Came::A. Walk : Walking

B.Ride : RodeC. Left : ArrivedD. Did : Had DoneE. See : Seen

Come : Came::A. Walk : Walking

B.Ride : RodeC. Left : ArrivedD. Did : Had DoneE. See : Seen

Online PracticeOnline PracticeAnalogies GameAwesome AnalogiesGamequarium AnalogiesAnalogy of the Day

Analogies GameAwesome AnalogiesGamequarium AnalogiesAnalogy of the Day

http://www.sadlier-oxford.com/phonics/analogies/analogiesx.htm

http://www.sadlier-oxford.com/phonics/analogies/analogiesx.htm

Written PracticeWritten PracticeSampler Daily AnalogiesUnderstanding AnalogiesAnalogies WorksheetAnalogies DiningAnalogies NotesAnalogies Graphic Organizer

Sampler Daily AnalogiesUnderstanding AnalogiesAnalogies WorksheetAnalogies DiningAnalogies NotesAnalogies Graphic Organizer

analogies2

Education

function relationships

degree relationships

example of object

given word pair

single word

given pair

answer choices practice

relationship betweenthe