An overview of DyslexiaAn overview of Dyslexiafor Parentsfor Parents

Oakgrove Integrated Primary School Oakgrove Integrated Primary School

Lorna McSparron, Lorna McSparron, Julie Young, Julie Young,

Catriona SargentCatriona Sargent

Aims of today’s session:Aims of today’s session:

To raise awareness of ‘Dyslexia’.To raise awareness of ‘Dyslexia’.

To discover the possible barriers to To discover the possible barriers to learning.learning.

To identify further parent training needs.To identify further parent training needs.

Continuum

Affects learning to read, spell or write.

Not indicative of cognitive ability

Persistent

What is a Specific Learning Difficulty

(Dyslexia)?

SpLD - Specific Learning DifficultySpLD - Specific Learning Difficulty

Possible indicators of Possible indicators of Dyslexia…Dyslexia…

• Talking & ListeningTalking & Listening• MemoryMemory• Motor controlMotor control• BehaviourBehaviour• ReadingReading• SpellingSpelling• Writing Writing

Indicators - Talking & ListeningIndicators - Talking & Listening

Is later than most children at learning to speak.Is later than most children at learning to speak.

Difficulty learning letter sounds.Difficulty learning letter sounds.

Difficulty segmenting and blending sounds.Difficulty segmenting and blending sounds.

Difficulty pronouncing and repeating multi-Difficulty pronouncing and repeating multi-syllabic words e.g. esyllabic words e.g. emmeny = enemy, eny = enemy, paspasghetti = ghetti = spaspaghetti ghetti

Word finding difficulties Word finding difficulties

Auditory discrimination difficulties – f/v/thAuditory discrimination difficulties – f/v/th

Indicators: MemoryIndicators: Memory Difficulty learning to write and spell own name.Difficulty learning to write and spell own name.

Difficulty remembering oral instructions-(Difficulty remembering oral instructions-(especially a especially a sequence)sequence)

Apparent lack of concentration.Apparent lack of concentration.

Forgetful/absent-minded – Forgetful/absent-minded – reading book, P.E. kit.reading book, P.E. kit.

Remembers better when shown what to do rather than when Remembers better when shown what to do rather than when told.told.

Problems with rote memory e.g. tables, learning poetry.Problems with rote memory e.g. tables, learning poetry.

Difficulty with sequences e.g. learning the alphabet, Difficulty with sequences e.g. learning the alphabet, numbers, days of the week, months of the year.numbers, days of the week, months of the year.

Indicators - Motor Control Indicators - Motor Control Development of motor skills is Development of motor skills is

delayeddelayed……

P1 – P4P1 – P4

Difficulty withDifficulty with using a knife and using a knife and

forkfork Learning to dress – Learning to dress –

what goes on firstwhat goes on first Copying shapes with Copying shapes with

a pencil, a pencil, colouring inside linescolouring inside lines Simple jig sawsSimple jig saws

P5 – P7P5 – P7

Difficulty withDifficulty with Pencil gripPencil grip Letter formation Letter formation Joined writingJoined writing Scissor activitiesScissor activities

General difficulties with General difficulties with co-ordination – buttons & co-ordination – buttons &

laces etc.laces etc.

Indicators-BehaviourIndicators-Behaviour

Easily distracted – use of avoidance Easily distracted – use of avoidance tactics when asked to read aloud or tactics when asked to read aloud or write.write.

Lacks self confidence, especially Lacks self confidence, especially around reading and writing tasks.around reading and writing tasks.

Many people with dyslexia have a Many people with dyslexia have a family member with dyslexia.family member with dyslexia.

Indicators - Indicators - ReadingReading

Difficulty with-Difficulty with- Learning Key wordsLearning Key words Reads slowly with little expression or fluencyReads slowly with little expression or fluency Comprehension reading test scores may be higher than Comprehension reading test scores may be higher than

sight vocabulary reading test scores (due to higher IQ).sight vocabulary reading test scores (due to higher IQ). Listening comprehension is better than reading Listening comprehension is better than reading

comprehensioncomprehension

Consistent Consistent and and persistent reading errors such as;persistent reading errors such as; Reversals – b/d, p/qReversals – b/d, p/q Transpositions – left/felt Transpositions – left/felt Whole word reversal – tip/pit, was/sawWhole word reversal – tip/pit, was/saw Word substitution – house/homeWord substitution – house/home

Indicators - SpellingIndicators - SpellingSpelling is inappropriate for age and is not indicative of Spelling is inappropriate for age and is not indicative of

general ability.general ability.

Spelling the same word differently on the same Spelling the same word differently on the same page=went / wnet/ wente/ wetnpage=went / wnet/ wente/ wetn

Bizarre spelling - ws=yesBizarre spelling - ws=yes & mulc = milk & mulc = milk Leaving out a letter – bentLeaving out a letter – bent= bnt= bnt Adding a letter – Adding a letter – rot = routrot = rout Changing letters around – saidChanging letters around – said = siad, plaese=please = siad, plaese=please Confusion of similar letters - b/d/ p/qConfusion of similar letters - b/d/ p/q Vowel confusions- pit = pet, mud = modVowel confusions- pit = pet, mud = mod

Poor spelling contributes Poor spelling contributes to poor written expressionto poor written expression..

Indicators - WritingIndicators - WritingHas difficulty with –Has difficulty with – Copying accurately, especially from the board.Copying accurately, especially from the board. Poor handwriting – inconsistent spacing, poor Poor handwriting – inconsistent spacing, poor

letter formation, untidy presentation.letter formation, untidy presentation. Inappropriate pencil grip often with a high degree Inappropriate pencil grip often with a high degree

of tension.of tension. Confusion on use of upper and lower case letters.Confusion on use of upper and lower case letters. PunctuationPunctuation Better oral skills than writtenBetter oral skills than written Uses avoidance tactics in written activitiesUses avoidance tactics in written activities Difficulty planning, sequencing and organising Difficulty planning, sequencing and organising

written text ie.. Story writingwritten text ie.. Story writing

Code Workshop… a challenge Code Workshop… a challenge for you!for you!

Copy the following text Copy the following text accurately.accurately.

You will have 5 mins. You will have 5 mins.

It’s all Greek to me…It’s all Greek to me…

Το μυστικό της μακροζωίας Το μυστικό της μακροζωίας

Ένας γιατρός για τα πόδια του το πρωί παρατήρησα μια Ένας γιατρός για τα πόδια του το πρωί παρατήρησα μια ηλικιωμένη κυρία συνεδρίαση για το βήμα μπροστά και ηλικιωμένη κυρία συνεδρίαση για το βήμα μπροστά και το κάπνισμα πούρου. Αυτός πλησίασε και της είπε, "δεν το κάπνισμα πούρου. Αυτός πλησίασε και της είπε, "δεν θα μπορούσα να βοηθήσει, αλλά πόσο ευχαριστημένος θα μπορούσα να βοηθήσει, αλλά πόσο ευχαριστημένος ανακοίνωση δείτε! Τι είναι το μυστικό σας;" ανακοίνωση δείτε! Τι είναι το μυστικό σας;" "I καπνίζουν πούρα δέκα την ημέρα», είπε. "I καπνίζουν πούρα δέκα την ημέρα», είπε. "Θέλω να φάω το πρόχειρο φαγητό και πριν πάω για "Θέλω να φάω το πρόχειρο φαγητό και πριν πάω για ύπνο μου φάει ένα ωραίο ζουμερό κεμπάπ. Πίνω ένα ύπνο μου φάει ένα ωραίο ζουμερό κεμπάπ. Πίνω ένα μπουκάλι Τζακ Ντάνιελς κάθε εβδομάδα, σκληρού, μπουκάλι Τζακ Ντάνιελς κάθε εβδομάδα, σκληρού, λάβετε πολύ λίγο ύπνο και δεν ασκούν καθόλου," λάβετε πολύ λίγο ύπνο και δεν ασκούν καθόλου," εξήγησε, χαμογελαστά toothlessly. εξήγησε, χαμογελαστά toothlessly. "Αυτό είναι απίστευτο!" είπε ο γιατρός. "Ποια είναι η "Αυτό είναι απίστευτο!" είπε ο γιατρός. "Ποια είναι η ηλικία σας;" ηλικία σας;" "Είκοσι τέσσερις», απαντά η ίδια."Είκοσι τέσσερις», απαντά η ίδια.

Translated…The Secret of LongevityTranslated…The Secret of LongevityA doctor on his morning walk noticed an elderly lady A doctor on his morning walk noticed an elderly lady

sitting on her front step and smoking a cigar. He sitting on her front step and smoking a cigar. He approached her and said, " I couldn't help but notice approached her and said, " I couldn't help but notice how happy you look! What is your secret?"how happy you look! What is your secret?"

" I smoke ten cigars a day," she said. " I only eat junk food " I smoke ten cigars a day," she said. " I only eat junk food and before I go to bed I eat a nice juicy kebab. I drink a and before I go to bed I eat a nice juicy kebab. I drink a bottle of Jack Daniels every week, party hard, get very bottle of Jack Daniels every week, party hard, get very little sleep and no exercise at all," she explained, little sleep and no exercise at all," she explained, smiling toothlessly.smiling toothlessly.

" That's amazing!" said the doctor." That's amazing!" said the doctor." What age are you?"" What age are you?"" Twenty-four," " Twenty-four," she answered.she answered.

?

Presenting written information

Printed information might look something like this to dyslexic learners:

Click on the text box on the left to see the animation.

Click on the text box on the left to see the animation.

Famous people with dyslexia:Famous people with dyslexia:

Jamie OliverJamie Oliver Tom CruiseTom Cruise Harrison FordHarrison Ford CherCher David BeckhamDavid Beckham Whoopi GoldbergWhoopi Goldberg

"You may have tangible wealth untold; "You may have tangible wealth untold; Caskets of jewels and coffers of gold. Caskets of jewels and coffers of gold.

Richer than I you can never be – Richer than I you can never be –

I had a mother who read to me."I had a mother who read to me."

The Reading MotherThe Reading Mother Strickland GillilanStrickland Gillilan 1869-1954 1869-1954

Thank you…Thank you…

Reflection…Reflection…