an oleaginous with high production potential and economic...
TRANSCRIPT
Macaúba:
An oleaginous with high
production potential and
economic, social and
environmental importance
Teddy M. Farias
chemical engineer (MSc),
PhD candidate in analytical chemistry, UFMG
Brazil
Country of contrasts
and paradoxes
Modern and
traditional
Rich and poor
Biodiversity vs.
monoculture
Sustainable
development vs.
destruction
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The Cerrado
2nd largest Brazilian
biome
Highly diverse
Rich fauna and flora
Largest number of
edible fruits
Source of many rivers
(“water basin of Brazil”)
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Threats to the Cerrado
Great anthropogenic pressure:
Large-scale soy and
sugar cane
monocultures
Eucalyptus
plantations
Extensive cattle
farming
Fire
Charcoal production
Deforestation
Pesticide use 9/27/2013 Teddy M. Farias - Macaúba
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Impact on the Cerrado
population
At the end of the 90s the situation was
becoming unsustainable for the
communities.
To minimize the impact of modern land
use forms, various associations were
formed by the local population.
Their goal: Sustainable use of the forest
and their other natural resources.
Several small-scale industries were build
to process native fruits. 9/27/2013 Teddy M. Farias - Macaúba
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Macaúba: Acrocomia aculeata
(Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.
Occurs in clusters,
mainly on pastures
Harvest: 4-6 bunches
per year (12-15 kg
each)
Yield estimate :
Fruits: 9.6 - 18 t ha-1
Oil: 2.2 - 4.1 t ha-1
with 200 plants ha-1
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Macaúba fruits
Diameter: 2.5-5.0 cm
Weight: 36-66g
Water content: 33-37%
Composition
Exocarp: 16-22%
Pulp: 31-37%
Endocarp: 35-42%
Almond: 5-7%
Oil content
Exocarp: 3.5-12%
Pulp: 30-61%
Almond: 47-63%
Fruit: 14-28%
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Fruit quality parameters
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LCF (%) FW (g) FM (%) FD
(mm) Pulp/peel Pulp/seed CET
Average 19,9 41,5 35,4 43,2 1,42 0,76 29,4
SD 5,7 6,5 4,1 2,3 0,31 0,22 18,3
VC (%) 28,7 15,76 11,5 5,4 21,61 28,7 62,4
Increasing FFA during
storage
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
FFA
co
nte
nt
(% o
leic
aci
d)
Days
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Origins macaúba processing in
the North of Minas Gerais-Brazil
In the 90s large-scale farmers used the entire water of the
Riachão river for irrigation
This practice dried out the river and small-scale farmers
living downstream suffered from a lack of water
They fought in the courts and succeeded: The large-scale
farmers had to stop removing the water
The victory came at a price: wage laborers on the farms
lost their jobs
In order to compensate for the jobs loss a macaúba
processing cooperative was formed: UBCM
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Macaúba processing at
UBCM
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Wild populations & first
plantations
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Energy
Fertiliser
ANIMAL FEED
Biofuel
feedstock
&
Edible oils
Intercroping
Cattle
Agriculture
Preservation
of the
Cerrado
FAMILY
FARMING
Briquettes, charcoal
Energy forest
Vision
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References
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FARIAS, T. M. Biometria e processamento dos frutos da
macaúba para a produção de óleos. Master teses,
UFMG, 2010. Avialable on:
http://www.bibliotecadigital.ufmg.br/dspace/handle/
1843/668/browse?value=Teddy+Marques+Farias&type
=author
RETTORE, R. P.; MARTINS,H.; Produção de combustíveis
Líquidos a Partir de Óleos Vegetais. Relatório final,
CETEC-MG, vol.1, Belo Horizonte, 1983.
P.S. : the pictures used in slides 2,3,5 and 7 were chosen
randomly on google image
Thank you!!!
Teddy M. Farias
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Instituto de Ciências Agrárias
Av. Universitária 1000 B.: JK
Montes Claros – MG Brasil
CEP: 39400-000
[email protected] or [email protected]
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