zhang jiguang (china)

ZHANG JIGUANG (CHINA)THEORY PRESENTATION

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CONTENT

•Nine Events of Instruction (Gagne, 1962)•Cognitive Dissonance Theory (Festinger, 1957)•Taxonomy of Cognitive Skills Theory (Bloom, 1956)•Cultural Dimension Theory (Hofstede, 1970)• Innovation Diffusion Theory (Rogers, 1995)•References

Nine Events of Instruction Theory Gagne, 1962

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Summary

The theory claims that different instructions and specific mental skills trigger variety learning outcomes, as well as the steps in learning process plays significant (Instructional Design, n.d.).

ReferencesInstructional Design. (n.d.). Conditions of learning (Robert Gagne). Retrieved Dec 01, 2013, from http://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/conditions-learning.html.

Application

Students guided by lecturers by implementing this theory from the first step “Gain attention” to “Enhance Retention” to improve learning outcomes.

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Cognitive Dissonance Theory (Festinger, 1957)

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SummaryCognitive dissonance theory states that human beings have inner strength to manage their attitude and behavior to avoid disharmony when they feel uncomfortable of doing particular things (McLeod, 2008).

ReferencesMcLeod, S. A. (2008). Dissonance Theory - Simply Psychology . Retrieved Dec 03, 2013, from http://www.simplypsychology.org/cognitive-dissonance.html.

Application

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Throw the wasted food

Effects are told

Change behavior

Taxonomy of Cognitive Skills Theory (Bloom,

1956)

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SummaryThe taxonomy helps to improve knowledge and enhance conceptual skills (Bloom, 1956). It assists the improvement of conceptual abilities with the remembering and analyzing the particular factors (Nwlink, n.d.)

ReferencesBloom B. S. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook I: The Cognitive Domain. New York: David McKay Co Inc.Nwlink. (n.d.). Bloom’s taxonomy of learning domains. Retrieved Dec 05, 2013, from http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html

Application

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Learning process in class, students firstly remember, and then understand until create with learnt knowledge. Taxonomy of cognitive skills help this process more effective.

Cultural Dimension Theory (Hofstede, 1970)

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SummaryCultural Dimension Theory categorized culture into four dimensions to identify the similarities and differences from one to another (Mindtools, n.d.).

Mindtools. (n.d.). Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions: Understanding Workplace Values Around the World. Retrieved Dec 05, 2013, from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_66.htm#sthash.DHUuNwOL.dpuf

Application

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First time in a new environment, utilizing Culture Dimension Theory helps people quickly adjust into the new environment.

Innovation Diffusion Theory (Rogers, 1995)Image courtesy of http:/upload.wikimedia.org/

SummaryThe Innovation Diffusion Theory indicates that the distribution of a successful innovation follows a bell-shape, and the adopting process is from the innovator until laggards (Orr, 2003).

Orr, G. (2003). Diffusion of innovations, by everett rogers (1995). Retrieved Dec 05, 2013, from http://www.stanford.edu/class/symbsys205/Diffusion%20of%20Innovations.htm

Application

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The adoption of new technology products, shows a phenomenon which correspond the Innovation Diffusion Theory.

ReferencesBloom B. S. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook I: The Cognitive

Domain. New York: David McKay Co Inc.Instructional Design. (n.d.). Conditions of learning (Robert Gagne). Retrieved Dec 01,

2013, from http://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/conditions-learning.html.

McLeod, S. A. (2008). Dissonance Theory - Simply Psychology . Retrieved Dec 03, 2013, from http://www.simplypsychology.org/cognitive-dissonance.html.

Mindtools. (n.d.). Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions: Understanding Workplace Values Around the World. Retrieved Dec 05, 2013, from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_66.htm#sthash.DHUuNwOL.dpuf

Nwlink. (n.d.). Bloom’s taxonomy of learning domains. Retrieved Dec 05, 2013, from http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html

Orr, G. (2003). Diffusion of innovations, by everett rogers (1995). Retrieved Dec 05, 2013, from http://www.stanford.edu/class/symbsys205/Diffusion%20of%20Innovations.htm