writing a persuasive paper. what is a persuasive writing? writing used to convince others of what...

Writing a Persuasive Paper

What is a Persuasive Writing?

• Writing used to convince others of what you believe or say.

Why do it?• Want others to:

–AGREE with us

–Share our Values

–Accept our argument or conclusions

Examples• To get what we want

• To avoid trouble ???

• Politics

• Can you think of other examples?

“Mom I want a Dog”

Pick Me!!! I am too cute to pass up.Look I do tricks!

How will I ever convince her to let me have one?

Parts of a Paper• Introduction

– Hook– Background– Thesis

• Body – Topic Sentence– High level of Support

• Conclusion– Effective Ending– Closure on issues without being repetitive from Intro.– Tie up paper and relate back to hook/thesis

Persuasive Structures

• Position and why---Thesis

• Concession---alternate viewpoints

• Refutation---why other viewpoints are flawed, inaccurate, illogical, etc.

• Confirmation---restating position (new words)

Thesis Statement• Could be last sentence of your Intro.

• Statement of your position---be sure you know which side of the issue you are on.

• Should be clear and concise---use effective language (avoid being repetitive)

• For persuasive essays, these statements should be debatable. (that is, can someone else state the opposite opinion?)

You decide: Are these good thesis statements for the topics?

• School Uniforms: School uniforms are stupid and are therefore dumb, so they should not be allowed in any school.

• Exit Exams: Schools should require all high school students to pass an exit exam before graduation.

• Open Campus: Have you ever tried to eat lunch in just 15 minutes?

• Thesis Statements 1 & 3 are NOT STRONG statements.

• 1 is repetitive, uses poor language, and not concise

• 3 is a question, so it is not a statement

• Thesis Statement 2 would be a STRONG thesis statement because it is clear, states the position, and uses effective language without giving all the specific information away.

How can we fix Statements 1 & 3?

• School Uniforms: School uniforms are stupid and are therefore dumb, so they should not be allowed in any school.

• Open Campus: Have you ever tried to eat lunch in just 15 minutes?

Concession

• Acknowledging other viewpoints

• Make them relevant and significant to topic

• Make sure you can refute them

• Don’t:– Make the other side’s points– Lose your focus and flip flop sides

How to set up concessions

• Begin with a dependent clause followed by an independent clause– While many people think school uniforms are

beneficial, others may disagree.

• Directly state the other views– There may be many reasons to avoid school uniforms

such as loss of individuality or loss of personal freedoms

• Make generalization– Some may argue that school uniforms destroy

individuality or personal freedoms.

Refutation

• State why the concessions are flawed

• Use a dependent clause (the concession) followed by an independent clause (the refutation)– While others argue that school uniforms

cause a loss of individuality and personal freedoms, students need to understand that the Supreme Court has ruled that school districts have the legal right to impose school uniforms for safety reasons.

Confirmation

• Come back to your main reasons for your position

• Do not be repetitive

• Find a key idea throughout your paper and revisit this idea (for example: personal freedom and individuality)

• Often, the confirmation appears in the conclusion

Possible Paper Set Up

• Position• Your Points• Concessions• Refutation• Confirmation

• Position• Concession 1 &

Refutations• Concession 2 &

Refutations• Confirmation

Persuasive Techniques

• Logic• Repetition of key

word/phrase throughout

• Rhetorical Question

• Emotional Language– Simile– Metaphor

• Analogy• Facts supported by

research findings

Persuasive Writing• The speaker

–Some credibility (knowledgeable and/or believable)

• The audience–Appeal to particular people

• The occasion–May become an argument supporting

other arguments within work or among works