word building affix and root. do you know these words? outdo undo overdo incredible innumerable...

Word Building

Affix and Root

Do you know these words?

outdo undo overdo incredible innumerable spoonful handful cupful mouthful

Group work------ example

找出五个含词根 value 的单词 valuable

invaluable

valueless

evaluate

devalue

Group work

1. 找出五个含词根 sign ( 表示符号 ) 的单词2. 找出五个含词根 dict ( 表示说 ) 的单词 3. peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人民，民众” 4. spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是“看，视” 5. tain 保持，握，容纳 6. port 搬运，带 7. vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看，看见” 8. circ/cycl=ring 环，圆

group 1 “sign” 符号

signature signal signify design significant significance

dict “to say, to speak”

contradict, dictate, predict, dictator, indicate, dictionary, dictum ( 格言 )

peopl, popul, publ “ 人民，民众”

public, republic, popular, people, population, publicity publish

spec, spect, spitc, spis “ 看，视”

inspect, spectator, spectacular, respect, spectacle( 光景，景象 ) prospect( 展望 ) expect suspect, aspect, special, specimen ( 样本 , 标本 )

tain,ten,tin 保持，握，容纳

contain 容纳 obtain 取得 sustain 支持 maintain

retain 保持 , 保留 , detain v. 拘留

port 搬运，带

export import portable( 可携带的 )

porter( 搬运工人 ) transport support sport

vid, vis, vey, view “ 观看，看见”

television, visible, evident, interview, survey, invisible, visual, visit, supervise, visa, video

circ/cycl=ring 环，圆

circus, circle, circulate, circuit, circumstance, cycle, recycle, bicycle, tricycle

Word Root

ann ( 也作 enn) =year

audi=hear,

cogn=know

dent=tooth

lingu= language

liter=letter

mot=move

anniversary, annual, millennium

recognize, cognition, congnitive

audience, auditorium, audible

dentist, dental, indent

linguist bilingual

literate （识字的） literal ( 文字的 ) literary ( 文学的 ) illiterate literature

motion motive promote remote motor

Word Root

ori=rise

phon=sound

rupt=break

scend, scens=climb

sci=know

struct “ 建筑，构造” bio 生命，生物

orient origin

bankrupt corrupt erupt

ascend descend

symphony phonetic microphone

science conscious unconscious subconscious

structure, construct, instruct, destruction

biology antibiotic 抗生的 , 抗生素

Word Root

cent 百 ject 投，掷，抛 volv 滚动 vit,viv 生活，生存

manu, man 手

centimeter 厘米 centigrade 百分度的

eject 射出 project 投射 inject 注射

revolve 旋转 involve 卷入 evolve

vital 生命的 , 至关重要的 survive 幸存 vivid 生动的

manual manuscript manufacture manage manner

Prefix

trans- 表示“横过，贯穿”之义 transplant, transform, transaction, transfer, transparent co- 表示“联合 , 伴同”之义 ; (con-/ com-), 表示“共同 ,

联合”– cooperation, colleague, coincide, cohere, collaborate （合作） – condense, concentrate, confront, consent, consume (wholly; tak

e), – combine, consolidate, compress ( 压缩 ), commemorate (mentio

n), – com 的变形 corrupt (together; 变坏 ) 腐败， council (together; t

o summon[ 召集 ]) 会议 contra- ( 变化形 contro, counter) = against

– contradict ( 反驳否认 ), contrary, contrast, counterpart ( 相对的人或物 ) ， counteract ( 抵消，消除 ) counterclockwise （反时针的）

Prefix

de- down, downward, fully, away ( 由往下之意衍生为分离，否定，加强 )

devalue, decease (die), deceive, decay( 腐败；使腐烂 ), defect, declare( 宣告 ) ， deform （使残废） , detach

dis-,“ 分开 , 分离 , 否定 , 不” not, apart, – disease( 疾病 ) discriminate, disgust (apart; to taste; 不能品味，

厌恶 ) ， dispose (apart; to place) 处置 destruction

re-, 1 回，向后 return, retreat( 后退 ) ， recall, reflect 2. 再 重复 reproduce, renew 3 相反 resist, react, reverse, revolt, rebel, resent

( 不满 )

Prefix

en-, 1 使成某种状态 (en+adj) enlarge, endanger, enable, enroll ( 记入名册中 )

in- 1. 不 incapable, incomplete, inhuman,

2 ． 内 inside, inject, indoor over- 1 过度 overcharge overdrink overwork

2 越过 overbridge 天桥 overseas

overlook 俯视

Prefix

a- 表示 in, on, at by, with, to, of 等 asleep, aside, ahead, ashore

ab- 离去，相反，不 abuse, abnormal anti- 反对 antiwar antismoking anti-aging auto- 自己，自动 autobiography bi/ di - bilingual biplane 双翼飞机 dioxide ex- 1. 出，外 export exclude, expose, exit

2. 前任的 ex-wife ex-president extra- 超 extraordinary extracurriculum fore- 前 foretell forehead foresee foreground

Prefix

mal maltreat malfunction mono- monoxide monologue non- nonsmoker nonstop out- outdo outlive outgrow outnumber sub- subway suburb submarine subtropi

cal super- supersonic superpower sym-/syn- 共同，相同 sympathy synony

m symphony synthesis

Suffix 副词后缀

1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply

2)-ward, -wards,

downward, inwards, upward afterwards backwards

3)-ways, always, sideways anyway someway

4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise likewise

5 ） -s besides, sometimes

Suffix 动词后缀

1)-ize, ise, 表示 " 做成，变成，……化“ utilize specialize symbolize, organize, specialize

2)-en, 表示 " 使成为，引起，使有” weaken, soften, harden fasten sharpen threaten strengthen

3)-fy, 表示 " 使……化 , 使成” beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify identify justify

4)-ish, 表示 " 使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish

5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用” separate, operate, indicate isolate originate

小知识：词汇的高级与低级

长寿 long life       longevity (latin) 银河 milky way       galaxy (latin) 东方的 east    oriental 太阳 sun solar 月亮 moon lunar 热 heat thermal 药 medicine pharmacy

Assignments

Vocabulary Book Lesson 46-50 Text A of Unit 4 in Book 2