wireless devices technology; microsoft’s and android’s smartphone patent war dr. tal lavian...
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Wireless Devices Technology;Microsoft’s and Android’s Smartphone Patent War
Dr. Tal Lavianhttp://cs.berkeley.edu/~tlavian
tlavian@cs.berkeley.eduUC Berkeley Engineering, CET
Wireless Mobile Devices2
Market directions3
What is Wireless Communication?4
Any form of communication that does not require the transmitter and receiver to be in physical contact
Electromagnetic wave propagated through free-space Radar, RF, Microwave, IR, Optical
Electromagnetic Spectrum5
From: imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov.docs
109
1012
103.414
x105.7
14
x
1017
1019
Wireless Network Technology6
Bluetooth -
PAN
WLAN
WWAN
802.11b -
Cellular - range in kms
1 to 3 m
100 to 400 m
Technology
Geography
Off-campusopen areas
On-campus
office, home, school
Personal space
office, briefcase, person
Characteristics of Wireless Mobile Devices
7
Wireless Limited bandwidth, high latency Variable link quality (noise, disconnections, other
users) Heterogeneous air interfaces
Mobility: User and terminal location dynamically changes Speed of terminal mobility impacts wireless bandwidth
Portability Limited battery capacity, computing and storage Small dimensions
More Signal Processing
More Protocol Processing
Higher Energy Efficiency
Evolution of Cellular System8
First generation: Analog – Voice Analog modulation, cellular
phone (AMPS) with manual roaming
Second Generation: Digital Voice & Data Digital modulation Cellular and
PCS phones with seamless roaming, integrated paging
Third Generation (3G): Digital Multimedia Unified digital access, voice,
data, video music, gaming, m-commerce, sensor etc.http://blogsbits.com/what-is-difference-between-1g-2g-3g-4g-networ
ks.html#
9
Cellular Systems
BSC
BSC
MSC
MSC
VLR
HLR
PSTN
OMC
AuC
EIR
Smartphone patent war
Smartphone Technology Review – Android
Operating system distributed under the Apache license
Created by Android, Inc. as part of Google in 2005
Main competitor to iOS
Android – Architecture
Based on Linux kernelApplication framework
largely Java-basedDevelopment is open
source, meaning the source code is publicly available
Programmers welcome to contribute via the software development kit (SDK)
Android – Architecture (cont.)
Android - Devices
Android devices include: Phones Tablets Laptops Ebook readers Netbooks
And even TVs (planned for Google TV) Watches Headphones
Android – Supporters
In 2007, Open Handset Alliance revealed itself
84 members Includes a broad range of original equipment
manufacturers (OEM) in the hardware, software, and telecommunications industries, such as Sony Dell HTC Google Samsung LG
Android - Competitors
Competing operating systems include: iOS (Apple) Windows Phone (Microsoft) Symbian (Nokia) Blackberry OS (RIM) Bada (Samsung)
Android – Smartphone Market Share
Source: comScore MobiLens (Dec. 2011)
Android – Benefits
Google essentially manages the development and distribution of Android, provides to OEM for free
OEM like it because they don’t have to pay licensing fees for use of the OS*
Google likes this arrangement because It controls Android app marketplace Gets to aggregate users’ different accounts for
Google services, such as Gmail and Google+ Means more finely tuned data to target ads
*not exactly, as we will see with…
Smartphone Patent War – Microsoft
Microsoft has approached smartphone patents from a different angle than many others
Things to keep in mind: Microsoft has many software patents that courts
could potentially deem read upon by the Android OS
Suing for patent infringement is A) costly B) no way to make friends
Smartphone Patent War – Microsoft
Source: Microsoft on the Issues blog
Microsoft’s Approach (Contd.)24
Microsoft has chosen to pursue de facto licensing arrangements in lieu of litigation
Instead of suing manufacturersof Android devices for softwareinfringement, has agreed to notsue OEM so long as they pay royalties to Microsoft
Such deals exemplify yet another means companies have for making money from their IP
http://www.hnt-shop.com/2011/08/05/microsoft-earns-from-windows-more-android-phone/
Microsoft’s Approach (Contd.)25
Microsoft has litigated: Motorola
Software patents for email Barnes & Noble
Android OS on Nook ebook reader Foxconn
Android OS Inventec
Android OS
Microsoft hasn’t litigated nearly as
much as some other companies.Why might that
be?
Recent History of Corporate Patent Acquisition
Google purchased Motorola Mobility for $12.5B ( ~ 17,000 issued and pending)
Nortel’s patents purchased by Apple, MS, RIM, ++, for $4.5 B (~ 6,000) Google purchases around 1000 IBM patents for some undisclosed amount
(August, 2011) i4i v. Microsoft $240 M (up to SC) Alcatel/Lucent v. Microsoft. – (2007) – $1.5 Billion (settled for $511 M) NTP – Settled with RIM for $612M (plus $53M litigation plus verdict) Intergraph – over $880M in settlement from patent litigation with Intel, HP
and others Eolas v. Microsoft (2003). $506M Jury verdict Immersion v. Sony (2004). $82M jury verdict plus royalties
increased (2007) to $150M vibration game controller – Microsoft settlement on $26
Freedom Wireless v. BCGI (2005) $128 jury verdict Finisar v. DirectTV (2006). 103M (79+24)Jury verdict plus injunction Tivo v. EchoStar (2006). $74M jury verdict plus injunction Forgent – $100M in licensing revenue 2004-2006
Next week: GOOGLE
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