who am i? muhammad sheraz anjum what i want? to ...193.1.101.7/4014/sql.pdf · introduction (cont.)...

SQL (Structured Query Language)

Who am I? Muhammad Sheraz Anjum

What I want? To demonstrate how SQL works…

But Why? To help you fall in love with SQL

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Dated: Feb 19, 2018

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AGENDA

Introduction

Sample Schema

Data Retrieval

Distinct/Order by

WHERE (AND/OR/NOT)

Like/Wildcards

In/Between

Subqueries

Joins

Table Creation

Data Insertion/Deletion/Updating

Introduction

What is a Database(DB)?

What is a Database Management System(DBMS)?

What is a Database Model?

Database System = DBMS + DB + Database Model

What is a Relational Database Management system(RDBMS)?

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An Example of a Relation/Table

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Introduction (cont.)

SQL is a standard language for storing, manipulating and

retrieving data held in relational databases.

SQL consist of three main types of statements:

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Data control Language (DCL)

Example:

SELECT *

FROM Table_Name;

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Sample Schema

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Customers Orders

Products OrderDetails

Source: www.w3schools.com/sql/trysql.asp?filename=trysql_select_all

Sample Data(Customers)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers;

Sample Data(Products)

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SELECT *

FROM Products;

Sample Data(Orders)

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SELECT *

FROM Orders;

Sample Data(OrderDetails)

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SELECT *

FROM OrderDetails;

Data Retrieval

“Data tells us more than what we think it does.”

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Data Retrieval

SELECT Country

FROM Customers;

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SELECT DISTINCT Country

FROM Customers;

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

SELECT *

FROM Customers

ORDER BY Country;

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Data Retrieval (Cont.)

SELECT CustomerID, CustomerName, Country

FROM Customers;

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Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE Country='Mexico';

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE Country='Germany' AND City='Berlin';

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE City='Berlin' OR City='München';

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE NOT Country='Germany';

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE CustomerName LIKE 'a%';

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE CustomerName LIKE '_r%';

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE Country IN ('Germany', 'France', 'UK');

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE Country NOT IN ('Germany', 'France', 'UK');

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Products

WHERE Price BETWEEN 10 AND 20;

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Products

WHERE (Price BETWEEN 10 AND 20)

AND NOT CategoryID IN (1,2,3);

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT *

FROM Customers

WHERE Country IN (SELECT Country

FROM Suppliers);

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT Orders.OrderID, Customers.CustomerName, Orders.OrderDate

FROM Orders

INNER JOIN Customers

ON Orders.CustomerID=Customers.CustomerID;

Data Retrieval (Cont.)

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SELECT Orders.OrderID, Customers.CustomerName, Shippers.ShipperName

FROM Orders

INNER JOIN Customers ON Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID

INNER JOIN Shippers ON Orders.ShipperID = Shippers.ShipperID;

Table Creation

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CREATE TABLE table_name (

column1 datatype,

column2 datatype,

column3 datatype,

....

);

CREATE TABLE Persons (

PersonID int,

LastName varchar(255),

FirstName varchar(255),

Address varchar(255),

City varchar(255)

);

Data Insertion

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INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...)

VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName, ContactName,

Address, City, PostalCode, Country)

VALUES ('Cardinal', 'Tom B. Erichsen', 'Skagen 21',

'Stavanger', '4006', 'Norway');

Data Deletion

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DELETE FROM table_name

WHERE condition;

DELETE FROM Customers

WHERE CustomerName='Alfreds Futterkiste';

DELETE FROM table_name;

Data Updating

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UPDATE table_name

SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...

WHERE condition;

UPDATE Customers

SET ContactName = 'Alfred Schmidt', City= 'Frankfurt'

WHERE CustomerID = 1;

UPDATE Customers

SET ContactName='Juan'

WHERE Country='Mexico';

Thank You

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