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Total Quality Management
(BAC 102)Introduction to Quality Management
Dr. Ernesto D. Dimaculangandr_ernied@yahoo.com
0915-5023466
mailto:dr_ernied@yahoo.commailto:dr_ernied@yahoo.com -
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2
Modern Importance of Quality
The first job we have is to turn
out quality merchandise that
consumers will buy and keepon buying. If we produce it
efficiently and economically,
we will earn a profit, in which
you will share.
- William Cooper Procter
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What is Total Quality Management
(TQM)
Total quality
management is a
management system for acustomer focused
organization that involves
all employee in continualimprovement of all
aspects of the
organization.
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What is Quality Assurance
Quality assurance refers to anyplanned and systematic activity
directed toward providing consumers
with products (goods and services) ofappropriate quality, along with
confidence that products meets
consumers requirements.
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What is Total Quality Management
(TQM)
TQM uses strategy, data,
and effectivecommunication to
integrate the quality
principles into the culture
and activities of the
organization.
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The quality movement
can trace its roots
back to medieval
Europe, where
craftsmen began
organizing into unions
called guilds in the
late 13th century.
The History of Quality
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GUILDAny of various medieval associa
tions, as of merchants or
artisans, organized to maintain
standards and to protect the
interests of its members, and th
at sometimes constituted a
local governing body.
The History of Quality
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Until the early 19th
century,
manufacturing in the
industrialized world
tended to follow this
craftsmanship model.
The History of Quality
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The factory system,
with its emphasis on
product inspection,started in Great Britain
in the mid-1750s and
grew into the IndustrialRevolution in the early
1800s.
The History of Quality
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In the early 20th
century,
manufacturers
began to include
quality processes
in quality
practices.
The History of Quality
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In the early 1900, the work
of Frederick W. Taylor, oftencalled the father of
scientific management led
to a new philosophy ofproduction- separate
planning from the execution
function.
The History of Quality
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Leaders of the second
Industrial Revolution,Henry Ford Sr., developed
many fundamentals of
what we now call totalquality practices.
The History of Quality
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Walter Shewhart, ushered
in the era of statisticalquality control (SQC), the
application of statistical
methods for controllingquality, use of control
charts to identify quality
problems.
The History of Quality
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The US armed forces
initially inspected virtually
every unit of product; thento simplify and speed up
this process without
compromising safety, themilitary began to use
sampling techniques for
inspection,
History of Quality
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Also, the USAF aided
by the publication of
military-specificationstandards and
training courses used
statistical processcontrol techniques.
History of Quality
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The birth of total
quality in the United
States came as a direct
response to the qualityrevolution in Japan
following World War II,.
Major Japanese
manufacturers convertedfrom producing military
goods for internal use to
producing civilian goods
for trade.
History of Quality
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At first, Japan had awidely held reputation
for shoddy exports, andtheir goods wereshunned by internationalmarkets.
This led Japaneseorganizations to explorenew ways of thinkingabout quality.
History of Quality
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Japanese welcomed input from
foreign companies and lecturers,
including two American quality
experts:
W. Edwards Deming, who had
become frustrated with American
managers when most programsfor statistical quality control were
terminated once the war and
government contracts came to
and end.
History of Quality
http://asq.org/about-asq/who-we-are/bio_deming.htmlhttp://asq.org/about-asq/who-we-are/bio_deming.html -
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Joseph M. Juran, who
predicted the quality of
Japanese goods wouldovertake the quality of
goods produced in the
United States by the mid-1970s because of Japans
revolutionary rate of
quality improvement.
History of Quality
http://asq.org/about-asq/who-we-are/bio_juran.htmlhttp://asq.org/about-asq/who-we-are/bio_juran.htmlhttp://asq.org/about-asq/who-we-are/bio_juran.html -
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History of Quality
Dr. W. Edwards Deming is known as thefather of the Japanese post-war industrial
revival and was regarded by many as the
leading quality guru in the United States.
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Joseph M. Juran made many
contributions to the field of
quality management. His book,
the Quality Control Handbook, isa classic reference for quality
engineers. He revolutionized the
Japanese philosophy on quality
management and in no small
way worked to help shape their
economy into the industrial
leader it is today.
History of Quality
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Dr. Juran was the
first to incorporate
the human aspect of
quality management
which is referred toas Total Quality
Management.
Joseph M. Juran
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Japans strategies
represented the new total
quality approach.
Rather than relying purely
on product inspection,
Japanese manufacturers
focused on improving all
organizational processes
through the people who
used them.
History of Quality
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As a result, Japan was able to producehigher-quality exports at lower prices,
benefiting consumers throughout the
world.
History of Quality
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American managers
were generally
unaware of thistrend, assuming any
competition from
the Japanese wouldultimately come in
the form ofprice,
not quality.
History of Quality
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In the meantime,
Japanese
manufacturers beganincreasing their share
in American markets,
causing widespreadeconomic effects in
the United States:
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Manufacturers began losing market
share, organizations began shippingjobs overseas, and the economy
suffered unfavorable trade balances.
Overall, the impact on American
business jolted the United States into
action
History of Quality
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By the 1970s, U.S.
industrial sectors
such as automobiles
and electronics had
been broadsided byJapans high-quality
competition.
History of Quality
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The U.S. response,
emphasizing not only
statistics butapproaches that
embraced the entire
organization, becameknown as total quality
management (TQM).
History of Quality
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By the last decade of the
20th century, TQM was
considered a fad bymany business leaders.
But while the use of the
term TQM has fadedsomewhat, particularly
in the United States, its
practices continue.
History of Quality
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In the few years since
the turn of the
century, the qualitymovement seems to
have matured beyond
Total Quality.
History of Quality
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New quality systems have
evolved from the
foundations of Deming,Juran and the early
Japanese practitioners of
quality, and quality has
moved beyond
manufacturing into service,
healthcare, education and
government sectors.
History of Quality
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End of Part 1
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In 1984 the US government designated
October as National Quality Month. In 1985, NASA announced an Excellence
Award for Quality and Productivity.
In 1987, the Malcolm Baldrige National
Quality Award, a statement of nationalintent to provide quality leadership wasestablished by the Act of Congress
Early Success
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