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WATER RELATED DISASTER AND WATER RELATED DISASTER AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA

FLOODSFLOODS

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

BACKGROUND

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

INTRODUCTIONS

WATER RELATED DISASTERS IN MALAYSIA

FLOODSFLOODS

LANDSLIDESLANDSLIDES

DROUGHT

TSUNAMIES

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOODS

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

LANDSLIDES

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE (DID)

To provide engineering services & technical ad ices to the Go ernment and the p blic

( )

advices to the Government and the public on the issues of:

Flood Mitigation

River Management

Coastal Management

Hydrology and Water Resources Hydrology and Water Resources Management

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOODS EVENTSFLOODS EVENTSIN MALAYSIA

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Padang Kelab Selangor

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Padang Kelab Selangor

Kuala Lumpur

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Tun Perak Road Kuala LumpurDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Tun Perak Road, Kuala Lumpur

Padang Kelab SelangorDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Padang Kelab Selangor

Kuala Lumpur

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Kuala Lumpur

Shah Alam SelangorDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Shah Alam, Selangor

Shah Alam SelangorDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Shah Alam, Selangor

Federal Highway Kuala LumpurDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Federal Highway, Kuala Lumpur

Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad KualaDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad, Kuala Lumpur

Jalan Ayer Molek, Johor Bahru, Johor

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Jalan Ayer Molek, Johor Bahru, Johor

Jalan Sultan Ismail Kuala LumpurDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur

Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad KualaDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Bangunan Sultan Abdul Samad, Kuala Lumpur

ISSUES RELATED TO FLOODS• Increased runoff rates due to urbanization

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

QQAfter

QQBefore

TimeTimeDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

TimeTime

Eff t f U b i tiEff t f U b i tiEffect of UrbanisationEffect of Urbanisation

Increase in Time of t ti 50%

Impermeableconcentration - 50% reduction

Area = 0 - 40% Runoff - 190% iincrease

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

ISSUES RELATED TO FLOODS• Increased runoff rates due to urbanization

• Loss of flood storageLoss of flood storage

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

DevelopmentDevelopment extending into and taking flood plainstaking flood plains and drainage corridorscorridors

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

ISSUES RELATED TO FLOODS• Increased runoff rates due to urbanization

• Loss of flood storageLoss of flood storage

• Inadequate drainage systems

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Undersize Triple Cell CulvertDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Undersize Triple Cell Culvert

ISSUES RELATED TO FLOODS• Increased runoff rates due to urbanization

• Loss of flood storageLoss of flood storage

• Inadequate drainage systems

• Constriction at bridges and culverts water flow block by • Constriction at bridges and culverts, water flow block by debris or other cause

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

LRT Piers in river channelDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

LRT Piers in river channel

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

B ttl kBottle neck

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Water level during flooding on 2002

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

ISSUES RELATED TO FLOODS• Increased runoff rates due to urbanization

• Loss of flood storageLoss of flood storage

• Inadequate drainage systems

• Constriction at bridges and culverts water flow block by • Constriction at bridges and culverts, water flow block by debris or other cause

• Siltation in waterway channelSiltation in waterway channel

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Uncontrolled Land CLearingDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Uncontrolled Land CLearing

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

ISSUES RELATED TO FLOODS• Increased runoff rates due to urbanization

• Loss of flood storageLoss of flood storage

• Inadequate drainage systems

• Constriction at bridges and culverts water flow block by • Constriction at bridges and culverts, water flow block by debris or other cause

• Siltation in waterway channelSiltation in waterway channel

• Localized continous heavy rainfall

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOODED HOUSING AREA

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOODED AGRICULTURAL AREAFLOODED AGRICULTURAL AREA

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

ISSUES RELATED TO FLOODS• Increased runoff rates due to urbanization

• Loss of flood storageLoss of flood storage

• Inadequate drainage systems

• Constriction at bridges and culverts water flow block by • Constriction at bridges and culverts, water flow block by debris or other cause

• Siltation in waterway channelSiltation in waterway channel

• Localized continous heavy rainfall

• Tidal back effectTidal back effect

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD DUE TO TIDAL EFFECT

Port Klang December 1999DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Port Klang, December 1999

ISSUES RELATED TO FLOODS• Increased runoff rates due to urbanization

• Loss of flood storageLoss of flood storage

• Inadequate drainage systems

• Constriction at bridges and culverts water flow block by • Constriction at bridges and culverts, water flow block by debris or other cause

• Siltation in waterway channelSiltation in waterway channel

• Localized continous heavy rainfall

• Tidal back effectTidal back effect

• Inadequate river capacity

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD MITIGATION

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

APPROACH & ACTIONSPermanent Flood Control CommissionPermanent Flood Control Commission

• Established in 1971

• Objective : Objective :

Prevention Rather Than Cure

• Strategies : – To take measures for flood control and to To take measures for flood control and to

reduce the occurrence of floods

– In the event of floods to minimize damage & – In the event of floods, to minimize damage & loss to life and property

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

APPROACH AND ACTIONSFlood Disaster Relief Machinery• Objective :Objective :

Coordinating relief operations at federal, states and districts level

T id i fl d i i i d l & • To provide assistance to flood victims in orderly & effective manner

• The committee is empowered to getting the • The committee is empowered to getting the financial assistance from the Federal Government for remedial works eg: shelter, rescue & food g ,supplies

• Members: – Government Department / Agencies– Non-Government Organization (NGO)

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

APPROACH AND ACTIONSRiver Basin Studies

• Objective :To draw up appropriate flood maps and also p pp p pfeasible projects for development as well as water resources are properly manage for the p p y grespective basin areas

• Flood Mitigation For Major River Basins• Flood Mitigation For Major River Basins

• Drainage Masterplan Studies

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD MITIGATION STRATEGIESFlood Mitigation Measures

• Structural Measures

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD CONTROL DAMS

Dams constructed to retain water to

t t protect downstream of the

damsdams

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

CANALIZATIONS AND RELATED WORKS

After

B fBefore

Lining of banks and beds of channel

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Lining of banks and beds of channel

CANALIZATIONS AND RELATED WORKS

widening and deepening ofDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

widening and deepening of channels

BUNDING OF RIVERSConcept of Bunding ConstructionConcept of Bunding Construction

Scenario 1 : River Without Bund

Scenario 2 : River Widening & Deepening Without Bund

Scenario 3 : River With Bund, extended to Flood Plain

S i 4 Ri ith b d t i i di t

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Scenario 4 : River with bund at minimum distance

STORAGE PONDS OF FLOOD ATTENUATION

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

STORAGE PONDS OF FLOOD ATTENUATION

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

STORAGE PONDS OF FLOOD ATTENUATION

Storage Pond of Sungai Batu

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Storage Pond of Sungai Batu

STORAGE PONDS OF FLOOD ATTENUATION

MASMA CONCEPTMASMA CONCEPT

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

POLDERING (RING BUND)

TAMAN SRI MUDADEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

TAMAN SRI MUDA

POLDERING (RING BUND)

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

POLDERING (RING BUND)

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

POLDERING (RING BUND)

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

POLDERING (RING BUND)

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

Sungai GombakDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Sungai Gombak Diversion

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

Sungai KerohDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Sungai Keroh Diversion

FLOOD DIVERSION CHANNEL OR TUNNEL

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD MITIGATION STRATEGIES• River Basin Studies

• Structural Measures

• Non-Structural MeasuresNon Structural Measures

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT

• The river basin is planned in integrated manner and all factors are taken into manner and all factors are taken into consideration when certain development plan is proposed.

• The factors are zoning the river corridors, The factors are zoning the river corridors, riparian areas, natural flood plain, conservation of wetlands and storage ponds conservation of wetlands and storage ponds will be taking into consideration in flood management plan

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

PREPARATION OF GUIDELINES & DESIGN STANDARDS

• Guidelines and design standards have been prepared specifying cleat requirements both prepared, specifying cleat requirements both physicals and technical, for river and their reserves, flood mitigation and urban drainage projects flood mitigation and urban drainage projects.

• DID have published more than 20 Hydrological Procedures Urban Stormwater Management Procedures, Urban Stormwater Management Manual (MASMA) and DID Manual.

• These guidelines and design standards if followed strictly will help to minimize the occurrence of floods

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

RESETTLEMENT OF POPULATION

Land & Social IssuesDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Land & Social Issues

RESETTLEMENT OF POPULATIONPROPOSED LAND ACQUISITIONPROPOSED LAND ACQUISITION

20 id20 idLand forLand for

Construction of bund

20m wide maintenance

strip

20m wide maintenance

strip

Land for Construction

of bund

L d fLand for

Land for river

disposal of surplus

materialsHouse will be compensated and

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

pevacuated

RESETTLEMENT OF POPULATION

CLUSTER ARRANGEMENT

CLUSTER ARRANGEMENT

SG. MUDA

BUND AND LOT OF RESETTLEMENT RIVER BANK RIVER

FIGURE. 2 - TYPICAL PLAN OF RESETTLEMENT WITH CLUSTER ARRANGEMENT

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

RESETTLEMENT OF POPULATIONLINEAR ARRANGEMENT

SG. MUDA

COLLECTOR DRAIN BUND AND LOT OF RESETTLEMENT RIVER BANK RIVER

FIGURE. 1 - TYPICAL PLAN OF RESETTLEMENT WITH LINEAR ARRANGEMENT

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

RESETTLEMENT OF POPULATION

Longhouses for SquatterDEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Longhouses for Squatter Resettlement

RESETTLEMENT OF POPULATION

Low Cost Flats for Squatter

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Low Cost Flats for Squatter Resettlement

FLOOD PROOFING

EXAMPLE:

BUNDING THE AREA WITH WALL SO THAT THEAREA IS NOTSO THAT THEAREA IS NOT SUBMERGED DURING FLOOD

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD FORECASTING & WARNING SYSTEM

TELEMETRIC SYSTEMPeninsular MalaysiaPeninsular Malaysia

International BoundaryState boundaryRiverTelemetry system

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

Telemetry system

FLOOD FORECASTING & WARNING SYSTEM

Flood WarningFlood Warning Board

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD FORECASTING & WARNING SYSTEM

Flood WarningFlood Warning Siren

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

FLOOD FORECASTING & WARNING SYSTEM

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

CONCLUSIONS

Damage to infrastructuresinfrastructures

& Loss of Life

Cannot Be Eliminated

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

CONCLUSIONSTo ensure the impact of

t l t d di t i d iwater related disaster is reducing.

RESPONSIBILITY

Government Public

Stakeholders

NonGovernmental O i i

International organizations

Stakeholders

Organizations (NGO)

organizations

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

CONCLUSIONS

ACTION

To implement

Flood Management Program inFlood Management Program in

Comprehensive and Integrated Manner

To Establish Flood Mitigation

With

O i d A h & P A iOrganized Approach & Proper Action

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

So that ;

Floods Cannot Be Prevented

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE

A dAnd……

Damage to infrastructuresinfrastructures

& Loss of Life

Cannot Be Eliminated

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE