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Steps to Change Sustainable
Designs into
"Net Zero Buildings Designs"
Matthew WiechartPE, LEED AP, CxA
Senior Mechanical Engineer / Principal
Curtis WadeC.E.M., PMP, B.E.P., LEED AP BD+C, LEED AP O&M
Director, Department of Utilities and
Energy Services
Walk-Don’t Run
TLC Engineering for Architecture is a Registered Provider with The
American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit
earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records
for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are
available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing
professional education. As such, it does not include the content that
may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the
AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of
handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
AIA CEU’s
AIALearning Objectives
Understanding the challenges regarding progressive sustainable
designs, both through cost and efficiency.
Leveraging challenges into opportunities to design infrastructure for
progressive technologies, including “Net-Zero” Building.
Realizing the importance of participation in early design decisions.
Understanding the challenges of carbon neutrality from an
institutional perspective.
What Is Sustainability?
Sustainability is avoidance of
the depletion of natural
resources in order to maintain
an ecological balance.
Power Plants are fueled by resources
that will some day “run-out”.
What is a Net-Zero Design?
A Net-Zero Design is a building with zero
net energy consumption, meaning the total
amount of energy used by the building on an
annual basis is roughly equal to the amount
of renewable energy created on the site.
Amid growing concerns about rising
energy prices, energy independence,
and the impact of climate change,
statistics show buildings to
be the primary energy
Consumer in the U.S.
Net-Zero Movement Gaining Traction
High Level Approach to a Net-Zero Design - Site Selection
North and East Façade Main Entrances
Shading from adjacent structures/landscaping limits
Photovoltaic Renewable Energy Production
High Level Approach to a Net-Zero Design - Architecture
Proper Wall and Roof
Insulation
Exterior Shading
High Level Approach to a Net-Zero Design - HVAC Systems
High Performing Systems that Perform at Both Full/Part Loads
Sophisticated Building Automation System with Setback Controls
Water Conscious Design Features
Image Courtesy of Ben Tanner
Efficient technologies reduced 32% over code compliant building
High Level Approach to a Net-Zero Design – Electrical Systems
Highly Efficient Lighting
Sophisticated Lighting Control Systems
Image Courtesy of Macbeth Studios
High Level Approach to a Net-Zero Design
Significant load reduction is a sustainable design –
But not necessarily Net-Zero
Image Courtesy of Little Architects
Darden PV: 1.3 MegaWatts
Reduced current building energy loads
High Level Approach to a Net-Zero Design – Renewables
Building’s
Use / Occupant
Expectancy
Obstacles to Net-Zero Designs
Site
Constraints Technology
Utility
Tariff
Land and/or
Building Space
for On-Site
Renewable Energy
Production
UCF Challenges to Energy Master Planning
• Utilities are not a high
priority – unfunded
infrastructure
• How do we forecast
commodity pricing
volatility?
• Pressure(s) from
constrained budgets
• Fixed PO&M
• PSC Filing # 07277-2017
• Rate forecast and impact to forward price curves
UCF Challenges to Energy Master Planning
• Resistance to change: “Utilities are not the university’s core business”
• Adversary vs. Partner
• Campus distributed energy systems & micro-grids- perceived as threats?
• Commodity capacities and tipping points
• Match diversified load projections to the Utility Campus Master Plan
• GHG trajectory as a result of additional utility demands from load growth
• Deploying a renewable and reliable energy future
• Regulated Market Impacts
Courtesy:
UCF Current Energy Portfolio
268.2
248.8
205.5198.1 195.4 194.2
187.4177.1
170.0166.1
170.7 163.9
153.9 144.9
90.3
83.2
68.6 66.6 65.9 66.2 63.574.2
81.1 78.1 73.9 79.3 78.3 77.3
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
Energy Use Intensity (EUI) University of Central Florida
Historical Consumption per GSF + Projection
SOURCE EUI SITE EUI
En
erg
y U
se
Pe
r G
ross S
qu
are
Fo
ot
(kB
tuco
nsu
mp
tion p
er
GS
F)
Source EUI
Site EUI
<--- Actual Projected --->
Source EUI = Total "onsite and offsite" energy consumptionSite EUI = Energy consumption in campus facilities
5.5mW Cogen Start --->
Over 38% energy consumption reduction per GSF from FY05/06 through FY16/17
Over $26 million cost avoidance realized through FY16/17
Courtesy:
GHG Inventory Projection – B.A.U.
PV PPAs – In a Regulated Environment
• UCF participation through a PPA is prohibited under the Florida Public
Service Commission Decision: Docket 860725-EU; Order 17009 (1987).
This order does not allow a third-party ownership PPA model.
• Sticking point to allow a PPA is contained within the Florida Statute 366.02
and its definition of “Public Utility”. The statute in part reads;
“(1) “Public utility” means every person, corporation, partnership,
association, or other legal entity and their lessees, trustees, or receivers
supplying electricity or gas (natural, manufactured, or similar gaseous
substance) to or for the public within this state…”.
• The term highlighted “…to or for the public”, has been construed to
potentially mean delivery to a single customer. Interpreting this definition as
described, would label UCF as the only customer and the lessor as a ‘public
utility’ since the output of the project would be dedicated to one customer.
UCF Energy Transition Plan
• Accelerating campus high-performance building design standards above
ASHRAE 189.1
• FL SS 255.2575 & FL SS 255.252
• FBC Adoption of the Florida Energy Conservation Code
• Strong commitment to LEED & Sustainability
• University Energy Policy 3-111.1
• Treating energy efficiency as “utility systems assets”
• University utility policy
• Aggregating the rate base through low carbon district energy asset
deployment
High Performance Building Impact
• Environmental stewardship
• Create, access – reduce
OPEX
• Program space productivity
• Engagement
• Performance based credits
• Third party validation
• (21) LEED buildings, 16 Gold
and 5 Silver
Courtesy:
High Performance Building Results
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Lab & Environmental Support
Classroom Building II
Performing Arts Center
Research I
Physical Sciences Building I&II
Morgridge Center
Fairwinds Alumni Center
Global UCF
District Energy Plant IV
Career Services
Burnett Biomedical Sciences
College Of Medicine
Partnership III
LEED Impact to E&G Building Use Reductions
Water Reduction Energy Reduction
Courtesy:
High Performance Buildings - Process
Design & Construction Requires Progressive Collaboration
Planning
Utility Master Plan
CIP
Funding
Owner Requirements
Design
ASD
DD
CD
GMP
Construction
Construction Cx
Utility toUCF
Post Construction
Owner
Warranty
Courtesy:
How Do We Actually Achieve Carbon Neutrality?
GHG Trajectory with PV Deployment
UCF Electric Bill
Owner Project Requirements
Key decisions made up front on capital intensive MEP Systems
Stakeholder engagement and commitment
Progressive energy modeling – scenario engagement between A/E and Owner
MEP commissioning using ASHRAE 202 • Owner technical staff on hand to bridge gaps in construction
delivery (Enterprise BAS, commissioning, T&B)
Applying lesson’s learned from similar past projects
Progressive Elaboration – TCH’s Integrated Design Process
UCF Trevor Colbourn Hall’s Owner’s Project Requirements
• Cutting edge teaching facility
• Improve indoor environment
• Expand the university’s
renewable portfolio
• Conserve water resources
• Achieve most energy-efficient
campus building
• “Platinum & Z.N.E. Planning”
• Optimally use university’s
resources
• Provide value to students, staff,
and faculty
• Operational flexibility
Global UCF
High Level Approach to a Net-Zero Design – Example
PV at UCF Trevor Colbourn Hall for Future
Structural Support for
Photovoltaic Panels
Plan for an Inverter Room to Convert Photovoltaic Energy
Provide Infrastructure to Support Future On-Site Generation
Need to Ensure Building Operates to Optimized Design
Commissioned Building
Economics & Results with Energy Modeling
Bifacial Estimated
Energy Production
Static Estimated
Energy Production
Building’s Estimated
Energy Consumption
1,256,780 kWhper year
401,903 kWhper year
335,079 kWhper year
32%of full energy
need
27%of full energy
need
Not All Buildings Are Good Candidates for
Net-Zero
Planning For Future: Technology
Improvements
Dealing with Obstacles to Eventually Achieve Net-Zero Designs
As Revenue Producing Technology – Renewable
Energy Can be Bonded
Look for local / state / federal grants to help subsidize
the funding.
Grants / Bonding
Net Zero seems challenging but planning can allow for
positive changes in the future
Conclusion
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