violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence
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Violence Against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act 2015
“Ask & Act”
group 2 training
Toilets
Breaks
Taking care of yourself and each other
Mobile phones
Housekeeping...
- Confidentiality
- Do you need support?
- Respect
- Agreement
Any others?
Ground rules...
- Name
- Job title
- One thing you’d like to learn today
Introductions...
Violence against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act 2015
What does the Act do?
The Violence against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual
Violence (Wales) Act 2015 centres on the PREVENTION of these
issues, the PROTECTION of victims and SUPPORT for those
affected by these issues.
This is a unique and ground-breaking piece of legislation.
What are these sessions about? (sent out in email in advance of the training)
- How to recognise the signs and symptoms of violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence;
- Understand the purpose of and demonstrate an ability to undertake targeted enquiry.
- Demonstrate knowledge around data protection and the duty of confidentiality;
- Understand the purpose of risk identification in relation to some forms of violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence;
- Be able to implement the targeted enquiry care pathway.
The language we use
- Victim / survivor
- Perpetrator / offender / abuser
- Client / service user
- "Ask“ and “Act”
- People with a disability / the
disabled
- Domestic abuse
- Sexual violence
- Gender Based Violence &
Violence Against Women
- VAWDASV
- FGM, FM, & HBV
Benefits of “Ask and Act”Increased identification of those experiencing violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence by using targeted enquiry.
Increased referrals to specialist services for those identified;
An improved culture across the Welsh Public Service where identification of violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence is an accepted area of business and where disclosure is supported, accepted and facilitated.
Earlier identification ensures support services are available at the earliest opportunity, rather than just at the point of crisis!
Child protection.
Early intervention can
reduce impacts –
including death.
Good clinical practice.
Silence is not neutral.
Victims want to be asked.
Helps to reduce
stigma and isolation.
Signals service as
somewhere that help
can be gained.
Targeted enquiry – why?
Prevalence of violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence
Conditioning/
NormalisationDependency Entrapment
Entrapment process
Coercive Control- Underpins violence and abuse.
- Most victims of abuse experience coercive control rather than isolated
physical assaults alone.
- Victims often state that the coercive control is far more devastating than
physical assaults.
- Instills fear, dependence, compliance and shame.
Ending the abuse
Ending the relationship
Distortion of
perspective/reality
Defining the abuse
Managing the
situation
Re-evaluating
the relationship
Six Stages of Leaving – Liz Kelly
Group activity
What might be some of the barriers for professionals
to make a targeted enquiry about one of the following:
- Sexual violence
- Female genital mutilation
- Forced marriage
- Domestic abuse
What might be some of the barriers for service users/survivors to
make a disclosure about VAWDASV?
In your groups respond to two questions:
Survivors said they want To be given help to get themselves and their children
safeTo be treated
with dignity and respect
For professionals to know that abuse is universal; is more than physical assaults; is about power and control and affects the whole family and how hard it is to disclose.
To be believed
How might you encourage disclosure?
Think about…
- Indicators;
- The environment/creating a supportive environment;
- What the client may be feeling;
- What barriers the worker may create.
Build rapport- Use the person’s name where possible
- Be polite and sympathetic
- Use active listening
- Agree with them to encourage talking
- Do not tell them what to do
- Let them know they are doing the right thing by telling you
- Let them know you are taking them seriously
- Do not act shocked or appear as if you do not believe them
In your department/area of work what would you identify as the
key indicators?
Key indicators?
Of abuse or associated
impacts (such as anxiety or
depression).
Symptoms
The presence of some other
information which suggests
the experience of abuse.
Cues
Where asking all clients is
considered good practices.
Settings
The four types of indicators
Indicators
Taken from “Ask and Act”: A practitioners guide, Welsh Government 2017
Signs
The potential outward &
physical signs someone is
experiencing VAWDASV.
- Constant accompaniment by partner
- Partner exerting unusual amount of control
or demands over interactions with service
- Reliance on partner for decision making
- Worried about leaving children at home
with partner or family
- Partner or ex-partner exerting unusual
amount of control or demands over clients
schedule
Socio Cultural Signs
- Changes in attitude or behaviour
- Constant accompaniment by
partner
- Obsession with timekeeping
- Secretive regarding home life
- Social isolation
- Unexplained injuries
- Change in the pattern or amount of make-up
used
- Change in the manner of dress: for example,
clothes which do not suit the climate which
may be used to hide injuries
- Substance use/misuse
- Fatigue/sleep disorders
Physical Signs
Taken from “Ask and Act”: A practitioners guide, Welsh Government 2017
- Cancelled or frequently not attending appointments
- Never allowed alone, partner or family member present
- Traumatic injury, particularly if repeated with vague or
implausible explanations
- Depression, anxiety, sleep issues
- Suicidal tendencies or self-harming
- Alcohol or other substance misuse
- Chronic pain (unexplained)
Key indicators Social Services
- Children known to Social Services
- Not being able to meet anywhere public
- Reluctance to speak of personal matters
- Always seeming afraid or nervous
- Physical injuries
- Not wanting to meet at house
Key indicators EducationPupils
- Visible Bruising or Injury
- Vaginal bleeding or sexually transmitted infections;
- Change in behaviour
- Disengagement from school
- Tiredness
- Underachievement
- Overachievement/Perfectionism
- Absence/long holidays
- Not wanting to leave school
- Information from other services
Adults – Parents/Staff
- Visible Bruising or Injury
- Change in behaviour
- Disengagement from school/work
- Tiredness
- Absence/long holidays
- Working Late / unable to stay late
- Information from other colleagues/parents
- Rent Arrears
- Financial difficulties
- Damage to property
- Anti social behaviour call outs
- Requests for changes to tenancy agreements
- Requests to move/exchange property
- Isolation
Key indicators Housing
Eating disorder
Substance abuse /
dependency Depression
Self-harm
Mental illness such as
Borderline Personality
Disorder
Rape Trauma
Syndrome
Panic
disorder/anxiety
PTSD /
flashbacksIndicators:
sexual violence
Sexual Violence & Mental Health
Survivors of sexual abuse also
faced several additional vulnerabilities
including having experienced domestic
abuse (15%) and being at risk of
childhood sexual exploitation (5%)
alongside commonly having been
abused multiple times during their life
(multiple victimisation).
Anxiety
22.5%
Depression
21.2%
Difficulty Sleeping
17.3%
Flashbacks
11.8%
Self-Harm
11.1%
Attempted Suicide
9.5%
Panic Attacks
6.5%
At the point of accessing
a service, a large proportion
of survivors reported
mental health issues.
Cues
A piece of information or pattern of behavior which merits enquiry.
To “Ask and Act” is not to interrogate, but where a cue is observed or received, a professional should make appropriate enquiry.
Settings- Mental health
- Maternal and post partum settings
- Settings dealing with concerns about child abuse or neglect
- Sexual health services
- Workplace
Video clipHow to ask and respond...
Questions that work
Has anyone…
How...
We know that…
Has your partner…
I can see…
Do you ever…
In pairs – think about
questions you might
ask in your setting,
and now think of a
follow-up question.
- ‘Thank you for telling me…’
- ‘I believe you…’
- ‘What you have described is not uncommon…’
- ‘You are not to blame for the violence / abuse / what happened to you…’
- ‘Your safety and wellbeing is my priority…’
- ‘You have the right to be safe and get support…’
- ‘You have the right to feel the way you do and to talk about it…’
- ‘You are the expert on what you need…’
- ‘There is help available…’
Responding to disclosures
For many survivors, just having someone
listen to them, is all they need.
- Judge
- Deny
- Blame
- Disbelieve
- Tell them what to do
- Act without client knowledge (and preferably, do not act without
consent)
Do not behave like the abuserThis means do not:
Risk factors for violence against women, domestic abuse and sexual violence- What do we mean by risk?
- Why is it important to identify risk?
- What are some of the most significant risk factors associated with
cases of serious harm or death in relation to domestic abuse?
Additional resources available:
Refer to an IDVA/ISVA/IPA (add local details);
Refer to Welsh Women’s Aid / local specialists (handout with local information);
Refer to your group 3 champion;
Refer to your Safeguarding Lead;
Ensure they have the national helpline (give out cards/pamphlets).
Key issues for survivors + safety, housing, money & children – you might need to link into other agencies (refer to handout). Not expecting you to be experts….Group 3.
Unless your organisation requires it - YOU ARE NOT EXPECTED TO complete
the RISK identification form – ASK FOR SUPPORT AND ADVICE.
Gathering & Sharing Information Legislation- Data Protection Act (2018) - Prevention and detection of a crime and/or the apprehension or prosecution of offenders & General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
- Human Rights Act (1998) – e.g. Right to life, right to be free from torture or inhuman or degrading treatment – Articles 2 & 3
- Children’s Act (1989)- disclosure to CYPS or the Police for the exercise of functions under the Children Act – Schedules 2 & 3, DPA
- Crime & Disorder Act (1998) – prevention and detection of crime
- Common Law Duty to act.
National helpline
(professionals can also call the helpline for advice)
AVAILABLE TWENTY FOUR HOURS A DAY, SEVEN DAYS A
WEEK – FREE OF CHARGE.
Local Referral Pathway
Skills Practice
Your trainers will create a scenario where one is a service user, and the
other is a service provider.
Your role is to help the service provider to Ask & Act effectively.
Follow the trainers prompts, and using the knowledge and skills
developed today, help them to create a safe and conducive environment
for the service user to disclose.
Skills PracticeYou will all be working as a group of 3.
You will receive the information about an individual.
You’ll have 5 minutes to consider 3 key questions to ask.
You will then have the opportunity to ask your questions to the facilitator.
Dependant on your questions you may be able to complete the pathway.Consider carefully what you need to know.
Consider how to engage with the person as highlighted earlier in todays session.
Fill in the form/check the pathway….
Be aware of multiple needs, but also multiple disadvantage;
Consider the appropriateness of the risk assessment tool you are using;
If you need more information, for example, about forced marriage or
working with LGBT community then ask your Group 3 champion or
contact specialist services for more advice;
Use your referral pathway, ensure your decisions are documented and
information stored in line with your policy.
What to remember from the skillspractice:
Key messages:ASK consistently and ACT confidently;
Get as much information as you can about what services
and support are available;
Seek help and support from colleagues, your group 3 champion,
Safeguarding Leads, VAWDASV Leads, workplace champions, specialist
sector – there is a lot of support;
Leaving can be a very dangerous time for a victim and escalates their risk
– SEEK EXPERT ADVICE to ensure a client is supported through this
process.
Ask & Act Group 2End of the full day version of
Ask & Act (group 2 professionals)
Diolch yn fawr - Thank you
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