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USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCE

β β β β βY = β0 + β1x1+ β2x2 + β3x3 + βnxn ……

Brian KertsonWildlife Science GroupSFR/WACFWRU

COUGARS IN A RAPIDLY URBANIZING WORLDURBANIZING WORLD

COUGAR STUDY CHALLENGES

• Far‐ranging :• Far‐ranging :

‐M: 505 km2

‐F: 168 km2

• Movements:• Movements:‐M: 4.17 km/day

‐F: 2.82 km/day

STUDYING COUGAR

• Often requires capture

• Outfit with GPS radio llcollars

‐2 – 4 hr fix location inter alsintervals

‐Lots of spatial data

V‐Very accurate

WHY USE GIS?WHY USE GIS?

• Straight‐forward integration of spatial‐Straight forward integration of spatialtemporal data sets over large geographic areasareas

• Spatial analyses and queries not available in other software packagesother software packages

• Preparation of data files for statistical l i i h R SPSS M l banalysis with R, SPSS, Matlab, etc.

• Making pretty and impressive maps

USES OF GIS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEUSES OF GIS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCE

• Home range size and overlapHome range size and overlap

• Movement analyses

Q if i h bi• Quantifying habitat

‐Loss and conversion

• Wildlife‐landscape relationships

• Landscape planning and conservationLandscape planning and conservation

GIS WILDLIFE EXTENTSIONSGIS WILDLIFE EXTENTSIONS

• Hawth’s ToolsHawth s Tools

• Home Range Tools (HRT)

C id i• Corridor Design

• Geospatial Modeling Environment (GME)

• Fragstats

• Many othersMany others

GIS IMAGERY APPLICATIONS 

• Powerful tool for conveying complex ideas in a simple wayp y

• Critical for explaining spatial data

• A multitude of available options for analysis• A multitude of available options for analysis and display

RESOURCE UTILIZATION FUNCTIONS

99% Utilization DistributionAnimal relocations

99% Utilization Distribution(Use values) Sampling grid

Use and habitat covariates

Ruf.fit

UD ESTIMATION

• Fixed kernel 

• Min. of 30 relocations 

‐Preferably n ≥ 50

• Resolution (grid size):(g )

‐25 or 30 m common

• Bandwidth smoothing (h)Bandwidth smoothing (h)

‐Most critical component

F136 F327

M324M323M323

LANDSCAPE LAYERSLANDSCAPE LAYERS

Distance to Water

WILDLIFE‐LANDSCAPE RELATIONSHIPSWILDLIFE LANDSCAPE RELATIONSHIPS

RESOURCE COMPARISONRESOURCE COMPARISON

MAPPING PREDICTED OCCURRENCE

GIS CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONSMANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS

• Identify key resources to manage and conserveIdentify key resources to manage and conserve

• Identify high quality habitats

l i i• Develop proactive management strategies

‐71.5% of confirmed interactions occurred in high and med‐high use habitats

‐Management hotspotsg p

• Direct applications, many formerly unavailable

THE FUTURETHE FUTURE

• Increasing technological advancements increase g gdata quality and quantity

• Increasing use of GIS across disciplines‐Wildlife‐ForestryW t R‐Water Resources‐TransportationUrban Planning‐Urban Planning

• GIS knowledge and skills are extremely valuable and highly sought afterg y g

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