using complex formulas, functions, and tables...automatically replaces the original cell references...

Using Complex Formulas,

Functions, and Tables

Objectives

• Navigate a workbook

• Enter labels and values

• Change columns and rows

• Use formulas

• Use AutoSum

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Objectives

• Change alignment and number

format

• Enhance a worksheet

• Preview and print a worksheet

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Navigating a Workbook

• Microsoft Excel is a powerful program you

can use to organize and analyze data

• An Excel worksheet consists of a grid of rows

and columns

• Similar to a Word table, the intersection of a

row and column is called a cell

• An Excel file, called a workbook, can contain

one or more worksheets

• People sometimes refer to a worksheet or a

workbook as a spreadsheet

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Navigating a Workbook

• The cell with the dark border in the upper-left

corner of the worksheet is the active cell

• The dark border surrounding the active cell is

the cell pointer

• To make a cell active you need to click on it

• Every cell in a worksheet has a unique cell

address; the intersection of a column and a

row

• When you first start Excel, the active cell in

the new workbook is cell A1

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Navigating a Workbook

• The name box shows the address of the

selected cell

• The formula bar, located just above the

column headings, shows the contents of the

selected cell

• A group of cells that share boundaries and

are selected is call a cell range

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Navigating a Workbook

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Navigating a Workbook

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Entering Labels and Values

• Entering data in a worksheet is similar to

typing in a Word table

• Select the cell in which you want to enter

data, then type in the data

• After typing the data, you must accept the

entry by pressing [Enter]. [Tab], or an arrow

key

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Entering Labels and Values

• Most worksheets contain labels and values

• A label is text that describes data in a

worksheet

• Values are numeric data that can be used in

calculations

• You can edit a cell entry by double-clicking

the cell to put the cell in Edit mode

• In Edit mode, select the part of the cell entry

you want to correct and type the correction

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Entering Labels and Values

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Entering Labels and Values

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Working with Columns and Rows

• You can adjust the width of a column or the

height of a row using the mouse, ribbon, or

shortcut menu

• You can also insert or delete columns and

rows using the Insert and Delete buttons in

the Cells group on the HOME tab

• The boxes containing letters are column

headings

• The boxes containing numbers in front of

each row are row headings

• AutoFit is a feature that adjusts the width of

the column to fit the longest entry

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Working with Columns and Rows

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Working with Columns and Rows

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Using Formulas

• To perform a calculation in a worksheet, you

use a formula which is an equation

• Formulas start with an equal sign (=) and can

contain numbers, mathematical operators,

and cell references

• A cell reference is a cell address, such as

E44, that identifies the location of a value

used in a calculation

• If more than one operator is used in a

formulas, Excel performs the calculations in

the order of precedence

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Using Formulas

• You can copy and move formulas just like the

other data in a worksheet

• When you copy a formula to a new cell, Excel

automatically replaces the original cell

references with cell references that are in the

same relative position as those in the original

formula called relative cell referencing

• You can use the small black square at the

bottom right corner of a cell, known as the fill

handle, to drag the content of a cell to other

adjacent cell

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Using Formulas

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Using Formulas

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Using AutoSum

• Excel comes with a wide variety of functions,

which are prewritten formulas designed for

particular types of calculations

• The most frequently used worksheet

function, SUM, totals all number and cell

references included as function arguments

• An argument is information a function needs

to make a calculation

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Using AutoSum

• Functions save time and help ensure

accuracy, and they are available for both

simple calculations and extremely complex

ones

• Each Excel function has a name that you

usually see in all capital letters such as

AVERAGE or DATE

• Because the SUM function is so commonly

used, it has its own button on the HOME tab,

also known as the AutoSum button

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Using AutoSum

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Changing Alignment and Number

Format

• Excel automatically left-aligns text and right-

aligns values

• Cell alignments can be changed using the

buttons in the Alignment group on the HOME

tab

• You can also use the Merge & Center button

to merge several cells into one cell and

center the text in the merged cell

• this is helpful in formatting a worksheet title so

that it is centered above the worksheet data

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Changing Alignment andNumber

Format

• You can change the format of numbers to

make your worksheet easier to read using the

buttons in the Numbers group

• You can also insert rows and columns in your

worksheet, when you do so, any cell

references are updated to reflect the change

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Changing Alignment and Number

Format

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Enhancing a Worksheet

• You can enhance an Excel worksheet to make

it look more professional and increase its

visual appeal

• In Page Layout view, you can add headers

and footers containing information that you

want to include at the top or bottom of each

page

• You can also apply cell styles, which are

predefined formatting options to ensure that

similar elements in your worksheet are

formatted consistently

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Enhancing a Worksheet

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Previewing and Printing a Worksheet

• When you finish working with a worksheet

and have saved your work, you are ready to

print

• Just like in Word, you can use the Print tab in

Backstage view to preview the printed

worksheet and specify settings

• you can change the orientation, adjust margins,

specify the printer, specify the paper size and more

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Previewing and Printing a Worksheet

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