unit 1 health carla

CARLA CONTRERAS RODRIGO

HEALTH AND ILLNESS

• HEALTH IS A STATE OF WELL-BEING.• ILLNESS IS THE OPPOSITE OF HEALTH.• FEVER,COUGHS OR PAIN ARE SYMPTONS OF

ILLNESS.

Healthy habits

Sleep 8 or 9 hours every night.Eat a balanced diet.Eat five meals a day. ALWAYS havebreakfast.Wash our hands before meals, have a showerevery day.

Breathe fresh air.

• Infectious: caused by harmful bacteria or viruses.

They can be Contagious

Non-contagious

• Non – infectious illnesses.

Types of illness

Bacteria are unicellularmicro-organisms.

Bacteria

There are two types:

Beneficial bacteria,usedto make yoguhrt.

Harmful bacteria,calledpathogenicbacteria, that can cause illnesses

Pathogenic bacteria can cause…

* Bacterial meningitis. * Affected area: nervous system.* Symptoms: fever,stiff neck and severe headaches.

Salmonellosis. Affected area: digestive system. Symptoms: diarrhoea, stomach pain, fever.

• Bronchitis• Affected area: bronchi in the respiratory system.• Symptoms: persistent cough,fever.

Other micro-organisms can cause illnesses.Theycan be unicellular or multicellular.

Amoebae : Unicellular micro-organism.

Plasmodia : Unicellular micro-organism.

Candida :Unicellular micro-organism.

Fungi : Multicellular micro-organism.

Other micro-organisms.

A VIRUS IS NOT A MICRO-ORGANISM. IT CAUSES INFECTIOUS ILLNESSES.IT IS NOT A LIVING THING BUT IT NEEDS CELLS TO CARRY OUT ITS LIFE PROCESSES.FLU,MEASLES ,HERPES OR AIDS ARE ILLNESSES CAUSED BY VIRUSES.

VIRUSES.

Through the respiratory system.

Through the digestive system.

Through wounds and cuts in the skin.

Pathogenic micro-organisms can enter our body in different ways:

Disinfect wounds.

Wash your hands before eating.

Wash uncooked food.

Cover your mouth when you cough.

How can we preventinfections?

VACCINES CAN PREVENT SOME ILLNESSES CAUSED BY VIRUSES OR BACTERIA.

VACCINES INTRODUCE INTO OUR BODIES THE MICRO-ORGANISM OR VIRUS THAT IS MAKING US ILL.

THE BODY REACTS TO THE VIRUS AND PRODUCES SUBSTANCES TO DESTROY IT.

VACCINES

INFECTIONS CAUSED BY BACTERIA: ANTIBIOTICS.

INFECTIONS CAUSED BY FUNGI :ANTI-FUNGAL MEDICINES.

INFECTIONS CAUSED BY VIRUSES : MEDICINES THAT HELP TO REDUCE THE SYMPTOMS.

HOW DO WE TREAT INFECTIONS ?

FIRST AID KIT