ubiqutous computing
Post on 14-Jul-2015
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INTRODUCTION TO UC
HISTORY OF UC
PRINCIPLE OF UC
MARK WEISER’s THREE KEY DEVICES
GOALS OF UC
UC Vs VR
TECHNOLOGIES WITH SAME PERSPECTIVE
GENERIC FEATURES
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
PROBLEMS IN UCS
UbiCompGC
APPLICATIONS OF UC
FUTURE OF UC
UbiComp PROJECTS
Ubiquitous computing is the method of enhancing computer use by making many computers available throughout the physical environment, but making them effectively invisible to the user.
-MARK WEISER
Ubiquitous computing, or calm technology, is a paradigm shift where technology becomes virtually invisible in our lives.
-MARCIA RILEY
Researchers at the computer lab of XEROX’s PARC(Palo Alto Research Center) first articulated the idea of UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING in 1988.
They called UC “…highest ideal is to make a computer so embedded, so fitting, so natural, that we use it without even thinking about it.”
“The most profoundtechnologies arethose thatdissappear. Theyweave themselvesinto the fabric ofeveryday life untilthey areindistinguishablefrom it.”
XEROX PAD - Pads were small, tablet sized laptopcomputers, similar to today’s Tablet PC’s. One of XEROXPARC’s pad devices was labeled the MPad. It was designed toprovide the freedom of a portable, wireless tablet computer whilestill maintaining the power of a workstation.
XEROX TAB - Tabs were small handheld computing devices,similar to today’s palmtop computers. XEROX PARC envisionedTabs as the entry way for data in the ubiquitous computing era;useful enough to be used by everyone and small enough to beeverywhere.
XEROX LIVEBOARD - Liveboards represented the “yard-size” information bearers in the family of cooperating devices forcooperating people. Liveboards supported multi-user input.
Ultimate goal:
Invisible technology.
Integration of virtual and physical worlds.
Wireless technology.
Smart enough to sense and react to the situation.
Ubiquitous Computing is entirely different from Virtual Reality.
Ubiquitous Computing
filling the real world with computers
Virtual and Augmented Reality
making the real world in a computer!
PERVASIVE COMPUTING: refer a to the use ofcomputers in everyday life including PDAs,Smartphone and other mobile devices.
CALM TECHNOLOGY: technology thatremains in the background until needed & thusenables a person to interact with it in a calm,engaged manner.
AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE: it refers toelectronic environments that are sensitive &responsive to the presence of people.
hide their presence from user. Provide interaction between user and
application.
Need:- flexible interfaces- Varied interfaces that can provide similar
functionality
Example: Gesture recognition, speech recognition, free
form pen interaction, computational perception etc.
o Information about the environment with which
the application is associated.
o EXAMPLE:
• user’s state and surroundings (LOCATION &
TIME).
o Context aware application:
- is one which can capture the context
- assign meaning to it
- change behavior accordingly
To capture our day-to-day experience and make it available for future use.
Constraints:
- Multiple streams of information
- Their time synchronization
- Their correlation and integration
Need:
Automated tools that support capture, integration and future access of info.
Ubiquitous systems contain the principle ofdistributed system and mobile computing system.
Remote Communication
Distributed Security
Mobile Networking
Location Sensitivity
Effective use of Smart Space
Invisibility
Localised Scalability
Privacy & Security
Context Awareness
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Trust, Privacy & Security
Seamless Communication
Low Powered Devices
Self Configuration
Information Overload
Social Issues
To develop ubiquitous computingmethods and techniques that are sensitiveboth to the needs of individuals andsociety, and the impact upon them.
These will support the realization ofhuman experiences.
These will include new forms ofinteraction and new interaction paradigmsthat make ubiquitous computing usable byall.
To define engineering design principles that:
that pertain to all aspects of ubiquitouscomputing;
are agreed among both academic andprofessional engineers;
are instantiated in the design and rigorousdocumentation of several computationalsystems with a successful operationalhistory.
To develop a coherent informatics sciencewhose concepts, calculi, models, theories andtools allow descriptive, explanatory andpredictive analysis of ubiquitous computingat many levels of abstraction;
To employ these theories to derive all itssystems and software, including languages;
To analyze and justify all its constructions bythese theories and tools.
Conductive textiles and inks
print electrically activepatterns directly ontofabrics.
Sensors based fabric
e.g., monitor pulse, bloodpressure, bodytemperature.
Invisible collar microphones.
Kidswear
game console on thesleeve.
integrated GPS-drivenlocators.
integrated small cameras.
A mat at the entrance of
home, provides a vital
connection between inside
and outside the house.
By sensing the body
weight and footprint of the
user, the smart mat
immediately recognizes
which user is stepping on
the mat.
As the era of personal computers comes to a close and theera of ubiquitous computing emerges, technologicallyadvanced countries will enter a brave new world. A worldwhere computers are everywhere, but rarely seen.Computing machinery will be embedded to devices hiddenfrom view, while other computing devices will seem sonatural we will use them without believing they arecomputers.
The advances that will be made will create a new life stylefor human beings. It will be a lifestyle where computers aidand assist us in our daily lives. Even doing the mostmundane activity, such as looking up a telephone number,may be accessed as easily as speaking a person’s name.Sensors embedded in the environment around us will makelike simpler.
Ambient DevicesEU IST Disappearing ComputerProject Aura, CMU user attentionUNC “office of real soon now”augmented surfaces [Reki99]Microsoft Easy LivingOxygen, MITPortolano, Univ. of WashingtonEndeavour, BerkeleyCoolTown, HP Labs
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