tuberculosis presentation
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TuberculosisTuberculosis
ByBy
Hari Mitra, Melvin Young, Hari Mitra, Melvin Young, Kristin Do, & Robert RezaKristin Do, & Robert Reza
Incidence and PrevalenceIncidence and Prevalence
Over 9 million new cases and 2 million deaths per Over 9 million new cases and 2 million deaths per year worldwideyear worldwide
1/3rd of the world’s population is infected with 1/3rd of the world’s population is infected with M. M. tuberculosistuberculosis
Tuberculosis remains one of the top three killersTuberculosis remains one of the top three killers In the U.S.- estimated that 10-15 million people In the U.S.- estimated that 10-15 million people
are infected are infected – Less than 15,000 cases in US per yearLess than 15,000 cases in US per year
Picture courtesy of ref. 6
CausesCauses
Mycobacterium tuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosis– Highly aerobicHighly aerobic– Infects lungsInfects lungs– Divides every 15-20 hours Divides every 15-20 hours – Unable to be digested by microphagesUnable to be digested by microphages– Very resistant to many disinfectants, acid, alkali, drying, etc.Very resistant to many disinfectants, acid, alkali, drying, etc.
Contagious, spread through air by inhalation of Contagious, spread through air by inhalation of airborne bacteria from infectedairborne bacteria from infected
Easier to contract with weak immune systemEasier to contract with weak immune system
SymptomsSymptoms
Cough (with bloody sputum), loss of Cough (with bloody sputum), loss of appetite, fever, loss of energy/weight, appetite, fever, loss of energy/weight, night sweats, SOBnight sweats, SOB
Could spread to other parts of the body Could spread to other parts of the body causing other symptomscausing other symptoms
DiagnosedDiagnosed
Skin testSkin test Chest X-raysChest X-rays Analysis of sputumAnalysis of sputum
Treatment/PreventionTreatment/Prevention
Positive Skin Test, Negative X-Ray:Positive Skin Test, Negative X-Ray:– Antibiotic:Antibiotic:
IsoniazidIsoniazid
Positive Skin Test, Positive X-Ray:Positive Skin Test, Positive X-Ray:– AntibioticsAntibiotics
Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol, Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol, PyrazinamidePyrazinamide
Prevention: BCG VaccinePrevention: BCG Vaccine
Before and AfterBefore and After
Stop TB PartnershipStop TB Partnership
Launched by WHO (World Health Org.) in Launched by WHO (World Health Org.) in 1998 1998
Its aim is to realize the goal of eliminating Its aim is to realize the goal of eliminating TB as a public health problem and, TB as a public health problem and, ultimately, to obtain a world free of TB ultimately, to obtain a world free of TB comprised of many organizations and comprised of many organizations and international countriesinternational countries
ReferencesReferences
1. http://www.medicinenet.com/tuberculosis2. http://www.stoptb.org3. http://www.who.int/tb4. http://www.microbiologybytes.com/video/Mtuber
culosis.html
5. http://www.cdc.gov/TB/topic/basics/default.htm All pictures from:All pictures from:http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/HealthIllustratedEncyclopedia/http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/HealthIllustratedEncyclopedia/
2/19099.htm2/19099.htmhttp://www.barking-moonbat.com/index.php/weblog/2006/09/http://symptoms-checker.com/sp_images/medis.jpghttp://www.medicinenet.com/tuberculosis
QuestionsQuestions
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