"to conceive of knowledge as a collection of information seems to rob the concept of all of its...
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"To conceive of knowledge as a collection of information seems to rob the concept of all of its life... Knowledge resides in the user and not in the collection. It is how the user reacts to a collection of information that matters." –
Churchman
A Starting Premise
Knowledge is Power
Many companies are beginning to realize that the knowledge of their employees is the most valuable asset.
PEOPLE ARE CRUCIAL…..
The exclusive source of knowledge for organisations is people.
Individual knowledge is the starting point for organisational knowledge.
The knowledge pool of each individual cannot be replicated
Only people can spread knowledge resources across the company
It is only people who can convert knowledge into efficient action.
Company Knowledge
Resides in…
Documents
Potential KnowledgePotential
Knowledge
ExplicitTacit
Modes of Knowledge Generation
• Acquisition
• Dedicated Resources
• Fusion
• Adaptation
• Knowledge Networking
Acquisition Direct and Effective way --- acquire knowledge
•Buy the Knowledge
•Buy an organization
•Hire individuals who have Knowledge.
Companies buy other companies for various reasons:
• to generate additional revenue,
• to achieve a strategic size or product mix,
• to get access to new markets
• to gain the skills of a senior management team
Acquisition Acquirement other companies for knowledge.
Companies pay premium for adding new knowledge to their knowledge stock.
IBM's 1995 purchase of Lotus.
IBM paid $3.5 billion, 14 times Lotus's book valuation of $250 million.
The $3.25 billion premium IBM paid represents its appraisal of Lotus's unique knowledge of Notes and other collaborative software applications.
The minds that invented Lotus Notes are more valuable than the software itself.
Acquisition
British Petroleum gives a
Thief of the Year Award
to the person who has "stolen" the best ideas in application development.
The company recognizes that, when it comes to organizational knowledge,
Originality is less important than Usefulness
. Acquisition
Texas Instruments has created a
Not Invented Here, but I Did It Anyway Award
for borrowing a practice from either inside or outside the company.
The Spanish proverb
"Well stolen is half-done"
sums up this idea succinctly.
The knowledge-focused firm needs to have appropriate knowledge available when and where it can be applied, not to generate new ideas for their own sake.
Acquisition
Leasing outside knowledge
Company’s university Research Funding
Hoechst --- supports research
Department of Molecular Biology at Massachusetts General Hospital in hopes that it will lead to the development of profitable new drugs.
R&D efforts are always speculative
Acquisition
Renting knowledge really means renting a knowledge source.
Hiring a consultant for a project is an obvious example.
Knowledge source is temporary
High-level consultants are expensive
For maximum Knowledge transfer. Squeeze as much knowledge
Dedicated Resources
Knowledge creators and users may not even speak the same language. Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center --- mid-1970s.
Knowledge workers at Xerox PARC invented key elements of graphical interface computer
The mouse, graphical icons and menus.
The Management were not close enough to the research to evaluate the newly created knowledge.
Steve Jobs--- Apple computers built Macintosh.
A brief tour of Xerox PARC was sufficient to gather the fruits of research funded for years by Xerox.
Fusion
Matsushita first automatic breadmaking machine --- example of diversity
Matsushita combined three product divisions with different cultures rice cookers, toasters and coffeemakers, and food processors
The new product Combined the
First group computer-control expertise
Second group induction heater technology
Third group knowledge of rotating motors.
Knowledge management principles – help fusion
•Foster awareness-value of knowledge
•Identify key knowledge workers
•Emphasize the creative potential
•Make the need for knowledge creation
Encourage, reward , direct
•Introduce measures and milestones of success
Adaptation
Adapt or die is our fate; so We adapt and advance
Knowledge generation drivers• New products from competitors• New technologies• Social and economic changes
Success is often the enemy of innovation; it has been called the winner's curse.
Networks
Knowledge generation by informal, self-organizing networks within organizations .
Employees interact
• in person
• on the telephone
• and via e-mail
• and groupware to share expertise and solve problems together.
Difficult to codify --- adds to the knowledge of the entire company.
Processes Involved in Knowledge Management :
Creating
Mapping
Identification
Capturing Acquiring
Sharing
Storing
Applying
RPS
TYPICAL INFORMATION TYPICAL INFORMATION SHARING SHARING •NR - Darpan , TS Feedback
•ER- Anubhav, Tech 2K.Com
•WR- Reaching Out, Technical Share
•SR- SR News, TS Tidings
•TSHQ- Feedback Journal , New Horizons ,
Annual Performance Report on Thermal & Nuclear Sets
•PS:MSX- Power Sector Operations Overview booklet, PRAYAS, POWER MAP
RPS
•What do we do if knowledgeable What do we do if knowledgeable people suddenly leave ? How can people suddenly leave ? How can we we ensure that what one ensure that what one department or department or division learns is widely shared division learns is widely shared throughout the company? throughout the company?Power Sector Executives Power Sector Executives
Knowledge PoolKnowledge PoolNo. of Executives : 1585
Total BHEL Experience : 33000 years
Average Experience in BHEL : 20.8 years
RPS
Total BHEL Experience - Power Sector Executives
32 523 805
2436
53706787
9655
7301
20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60
Age Group(Yrs.)
Yea
rs
E1,E2
E3 E4 E5 E6,E6A,E7
GM,EDGM,ED
RPS
Jan’2002
Component Management Configuration Management
CAD/CAM/CAE Data Management
Product Data Management Document Management
BladeBladeRev CRev C
BladeBladeRev CRev C
BladeBladeRev BRev B
BladeBladeRev BRev B
TurbineTurbineTurbineTurbine
Model
Drawing
Drawing
Drawing
Note Instruction
Manual
Publication
Specification
Customer Order
Regulation
Image
Archive ChangeRequest
PerformanceData
Part Families
Rotor Option A
Rotor Option B
Rotor Option C
RotorRotorAssemblyAssembly
RotorRotorAssemblyAssembly
BottomBottomCaseCase
BottomBottomCaseCase TopTop
CaseCase
TopTopCaseCase
CasingCasingCasingCasing
LP RotorLP RotorLP RotorLP Rotor RotorRotor
ForgingForging
RotorRotorForgingForging
BladeBladeRev ARev A
BladeBladeRev ARev ARotorRotor
DiskDisk
RotorRotorDiskDiskHoldingHolding
BoltsBolts
HoldingHoldingBoltsBolts BottomBottom
CoverCover
BottomBottomCoverCover
Enterprise Knowledge ManagementEnterprise Knowledge Management
Creation Of Knowledge Clip Board
( MOU Project ) of Site Related Problems
Start date : 15-06-2004
Completion date : Jan-2005
Project cost : 72.5 lakhs
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
Empowering BHEL Engineers with a
Centralised Database
Containing Problems faced during
Erection, Commissioning , Operation & Servicing, their Analysis & Resolutions
for BHEL Commissioned Projects
to enable them to take timely technical decisions in trouble shooting the defects
Creation of Repository of site related technical information through
Prompt accessibility & retrieval of information for quick and reliable trouble shooting
Capabilities building to trouble shoot problems of older technology
Development of more number of trouble shooters
Considering the wide range of products and number of collaborations for each product , it is necessary to facilitate our business sectors with information to take timely corrective actions and valid decisions
Project Goals
Generating additional business in the areas of SAS and R&M
Availability of important technical data on a centralised basis
Fast and easy archiving and retrieval of data
Cost reduction in operations
Maintaining capabilities in servicing / trouble shooting/ RLA & R &M of older machines needing attention to avoid the situation where expertise is depleting
High value services to customers
Improved customer satisfaction
Anticipated Benefits
Improved speed of Execution of Contracts
Less dependency of Manufacturing units
Saving time/ work due to reduced traveling
More value addition per Employee by Regions /Power sector
Renovation and Modernisation business
Marketing (PS & IS )
Quicker & reliable problem analysis & solutions associated with high value services
Repository of Information Generated and Digitised
A.. Feed Back Articles – Site related Since Year 1992-93
B. Let Us Know- articles describing state of art technology
C. Commissioning Procedures
1.Boiler & Auxiliaries & its Systems
2.Turbine & Auxiliaries & its Systems
3.Generator & its Auxiliaries
4.Cooling Water System
5. Other Commissioning Systems
Present status
Categorisation of Feed back articles – Product wise
Generation of Key words – for Search Engine
Procurement of Server, LapTops, Digital Cameras , Scanners and Application software ( Oracle 91)
Scope for further work
a. Extended to all 120 / 210 /200/250/500 MW BHEL Thermal Sets
b. Gas Turbines/ CCPPS
RPS RPS
It is not “Knowledge is Power
but Knowledge sharing is Power”
Thank You All
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