tinnitus, labyrinthitis, and meniere's disease. a review of the anp of the ear the ear is...
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Tinnitus, Labyrinthitis, and Meniere's Disease
A review of the ANP of the Ear
The ear is broken up into 3 parts:
patholoougytlines.com
Tinnitus: Ringing in the ears.
2 types: Subjective- perceived sounds in the ear by the
patient.
Objective-actual noise made by vascvular tissue near the ear and can sometimes be heard by the doctor.
Causes of Tinnitus
• Trauma to the ear• Obstruction of the ear • Infection• Over doses of salicylates • Tumors • Arteriovenous malformations
Signs and symptoms
• Ascultation of the neck for a buzzing sound.• Pt complaining of any of the following sounds:– Ringing– Buzzing– Roaring– Hissing
Treatment
• Treating the underling disease may lessen tinnitus
• Correct hearing loss• Tinnitus masker(worn like a hearing aid)• Background noise on when going to sleep
What does this mean in the pre-hospital setting?
• Tinnitus can be an indicator for other more serious disease processes
• It can be distracting to the patient and can make communicating with them more difficult if it is severe.
Interesting information on tinnitus
• Nearly every person will experience tinnitus in their lifetime.
• Tinnitus is becoming increasingly more common in young adults due to MP3 players and loud concerts.
• Chronic Tinnitus can cause depression and social anxiety
Labrynthitis: an inflammation of the inner ear canals.
• http://www.med.umn.edu
Causes of Labrynthitis
• Upper respiratory infection• Cold• Flu• Chicken pox• mumps• Middle ear infections• Bacterial infections
Signs and symptoms
• Vertigo• Dizziness• Lightheaded• Tinnitus• Possibly nausea and vomiting
Treatment
Usually labrynthitis goes away on its own. But antibiotics can be prescribed.
It is common to treat the nausea and dizziness with anti-emetic drugs.
What does this mean in the pre-hospital setting?
• Treat the nausea and vomiting• Be cautious with a patient who is dizzy or has
vertigo may not be good to let them walk too much.
• Not a lot EMS can do for Labrynthitis in the pre-hospital setting.
Meniere’s Disease:an inner ear disease
Causes of Meinere’s disease
Meineres disease has no known cause.Some speculate that it is an abnormality in the
fluid of the inner ear.An unhealthy lifestyle can be a contributing
factor in this disease.
Signs and symptoms of Meinere’s:
• Dizziness• Vertigo attacks that can last several days• Tinnitus• Hearing loss• Feeling like your ear is full on the effected side
Treatment:
• Changes in diet, sleep habits and lifestyle• Medications:– Diuretics– Anti-vertigo medications(Anti-vert or Valium)– Anti-emetics
• In extreme cases surgery (labrynthectomy)
What does this mean in the pre-hospital setting?
• Treat the nausea/ and vomiting• Be aware of dizziness and vertigo• They may be experiencing hearing loss and
this may make communicating more difficult•
Interesting information:
• Can cause irritability and insomnia• It can effect your attention span• It has been known to cause anxiety and
depression.• Exercise and a more healthy lifestyle can
improve the signs and symptoms of this disease.
• In extreme cases people have been unable to work or perform daily tasks.
Sources:
1. www.entnet.org2. www.mayoclinic.com3. www.hear-it.org3. Merck Manual eighteenth edition, 20064. Paramedic Care, Bledsoe Porter and Cherry,
2006
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