the weapon of the weak- a case study on discrimination in a public school in cuzco
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8/12/2019 The Weapon of the Weak- A Case Study on Discrimination in a Public School in Cuzco
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PFO ]OERAL AG PFO]OEI
E neso stu`y al `dsnrdhdletdal dl e pujcdn snfaac dl Nusna.
_l`or tfo suporvdsdal el` `drontdalag Kas Nercas Emora (Nalsuctelt)
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^tu`y propero` jy hohjors ag Loxas Waculterdas; Nceu`de Ovels grah Jrdstac_ldvorsdty dl tfo _I9 Ohdcy Hdldlmor grah ]etorcaa _ldvorsdty dl Nele`e9Elate Nfrdstus-Zelkel, Nercy Feyos, Ordie Hecdnf, Dheel ^el`fu, HerdelloRadrdor, el` Wdntarde HenErtfur grah Nercotal _ldvorsdty, dl Attewe, Nele`e.
]dtf tfo suppart ag ^oel Narlocdssol el` ul`or tfo drontdal el` suporvdsdalag Kas Nercas Emora, fdstardel el` Fuhel Zdmfts nalsuctelt, rospalsdjco gartfds vorsdal.
Loxas Waculterdas :25>
_rujehje Nusna.Ocontraldn Worsdal.Roru.
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ENILA]CO@MOHOLP^
Pfds stu`y wauc` lat fevo jool he`o passdjco wdtfaut tfo suppart ag toenfors,
stu`olts, el` perolts ag tfo Rujcdn O`unetdalec Dlstdtutdal ag _rujehje wfa sfero`
wdtf us vecuejco tostdhaldos el` eccawo` us ta eppraxdheto aursocvos ta tfodr cdvos
el` oxpordolnos.
]o ecsa tfeli ecc tfo vacultoors el` toeh hohjors ag Loxas Waculterdas tfet
naltrdjuto` ta tfds wari, spondeccy tfo mraup grah Nercotal _ldvorsdty, Nceu`de Ovels
grah Jrdstac _ldvorsdty el` Ohdcy Hdldlmor grah ]etorcaa _ldvorsdty, gar tfodr `osdro
ta naltrdjuto ta gdoc` wari el` coerl low roecdtdos dl el apol el` solsdtdvo hellor.
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DL@OV
DLPZA@_NPDAL..................................................................................................?
5. A_Z ZEND^H........................................................................................6
:. ^P_@OLP^ EL@ POENFOZ^ PECI EJA_P@D^NZDHDLEPDAL...............................................................................................5=
:.5 Dltorvdows wdtf tfo stu`olts
:.: Dltorvdows wdtf toenfors
:.> ^aho gdl`dlms; `dsnrdhdletdal dl shecc tfdlms
>. E GO] LAPO^ EJA_P D@OLPDPT EL@ @D^NZDHDLEPDAL;
PFO U_O^PDALLEDZO^...................................................................................0:
0. AJ^OZWEPDAL^.................................................................................0=
0.5 Ncessraah dltorentdals
0.: Rceymraul` dltorentdals
0.> Dltorentdals jotwool toenfors el` stu`olts
?. E GO] GDLEC ZOGCOVDAL^.........................................................?2
?.5 Hedl prajcohs
ELLOV - Cdhdtetdals.......................................................................................?:
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DLPZA@_NPDAL
Dl tfo pest gow yoers, Loxas Waculterdas (LoWa) fes wario` emedlst `dsnrdhdletdal dl
_rujehje, dl verdaus eroes; prahatdal, `ovocapholt, el` hast ronoltcy, rosoernf.
Pforo wes el dlvostdmetdvo stu`y roecdzo` dl :25: wdtf tfo purpaso ag `otorhdldlm
wfdnf pujcdn dlstdtutdals woro pornodvo` es `dsnrdhdletary el`, es sunf, ento` es
jerrdors ta tfo papucetdal, pertdnucercy ag rurec ardmdl, dl tfodr ennoss ta rdmfts. Es e
naltdluetdal ag tfds stu`y, LoWa taai al tfo tesi ta dlvostdmeto faw `dsnrdhdletdal
nauc` ropra`uno dtsocg dl e speno ag pertdnucer dltorost; e Rujcdn O`unetdalec
Dlstdtutdal.
^dlno Loxas Waculterdas ds e prahatdalec dlstdtutdal ag `ovocapholt entdals el` lat
el ene`ohdn oltdty, dts oggarts dl tfo gdoc` ag rosoernf ero lat ejco ta jo al e cermo
sneco. Lovortfocoss, dt hexdhdzo` tfo patoltdec ag vdsdts grah yaulm vacultoors stu`olts ar mre`uetos ag gdoc`s dl tfo ^andec ^ndolnos dl Nele`del el` Jrdtdsf
uldvorsdtdos ta tost e naaporetdvo hotfa`, lat noltro` dl tfo trelsgor ag rosaurnos,
sorvdnos ar tonflacamy jut dlstoe` dl tfo eppcdnetdal ag tfodr rosoernf sidccs.
]o `ond`o` ta roecdzo e neso stu`y el` nfaso e fahamoloaus snfaac dl torhs ag dts
otfldn el` sanda-onalahdn nahpasdtdal. Pfds dlstdtutdal, fasts tfo nfdc`rol ag
poeselts grah tfo paarost zalo, mdvdlm us el dltorostdlm, yot cdhdto`, eppraenf et tfo
seho tdho.
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Pfo rosoernf hotfa`acamy dlncu`o`; dltorvdows wdtf e shecc grentdal ag stu`olts el`
toenfors, e quostdalledro ejaut tfo dltorprotetdal ag el dnaldn dhemo, el` lal-
pertdndpetary ajsorvetdal.
Pfo quecdtetdvo `ete wes elecyzo` wdtf tfo ajkontdvo ag coerldlm tfo tfohos, d`oes,
porsalec rocetdals, hdnra-`ylehdns, el` jrdog stu`olt `dcohhes wforo `dvorso garhs
ag `dsnrdhdletdal ero garho` dlsd`o tfo snfaac.
]o pert grah e sdlmco, ha`ost ajkontdvo; ta coerl tfo pornoptdals ag jays el` mdrcs dl e
rurec snfaac dl _rujehje romer`dlm tfo `edcy prentdnos el` `dvorso garhs ag
`dsnrdhdletdal.
Pfo dltorvdows woro roecdzo` wdtf stu`olts el` toenfors ag tfo nfasol o`unetdalec
dlstdtutdal. Dl jrdog, odmft stu`olts ag gdgtf mre`o (gdvo heco, tfroo goheco) woro nfasol
et rel`ah jy tfodr toenfors ta pertdndpeto dl tfo dltorvdows. Gurtforharo, gaur
toenfors el` e psynfacamdst woro ecsa dltorvdowo`.
Rrovdaus ta roecdzdlm tfo dltorvdows, Loxas Waculterdas sujhdtto` e cottor ag nalsolt
ta tfo perolts, wforo tfoy woro dlgarho` ejaut tfo leturo ag tfo stu`y el` wfdnf ecc
sdmlo` dl nalsolt. Dg ely ag tfo nfasol stu`olts wes ulejco ta pertdndpeto, wo esio`
tfoh ta ronahhol` elatfor porsal ar wo wauc` nfaaso elatfor stu`olt.
Oenf dltorvdow wdtf tfo stu`olts wes roecdzo` et tfo snfaac ar et e pujcdn nego loerjy.
Pforo woro ecweys twa rosoernf toeh hohjors; tfo gdrst garhuceto` tfo quostdals el`
tfo sonal` taai latos.
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Dl ar`or ta fevo ennoss ta e wd`or sehpco ag pertdndpelts, tfo toeh `dstrdjuto` e
quostdalledro ta tfo tfroo sontdals ag twocgtf mre`o. Dl tatec, tforo woro =: stu`olts,
jotwool 50 el` 54 yoers ag emo9 >= heco el` >? goheco tfet elsworo` tfo
quostdalledro. Pfoso woro `dstrdjuto` `urdlm ncess tdho el` wo esio` tfo stu`olts taelswor dl`opol`oltcy wdtfaut esidlm tfodr poors.
Pfo quostdalledro sfawo` e vory wocc-ilawl dhemo tfet roprosolts tfo `oetf ag
PpenEheru DD dl tfo yoer 5=65, pucco` jy gaur ^peldsf sac`dors. Pfds dhemo ecsa
dlncu`o` tfo wdgo ag PpenEheru DD, Hdneoce Jestd`es, el` tfo pujcdn dl tfo
jenimraul`. Pfo ldlo quostdals paso` woro `osdmlo` ta dlvostdmeto ejaut tfo
d`oltdty, syhpetfy ar d`oltdgdnetdal wdtf tfo porsalemos el` ta coerl ejaut stu`olts
apdldals surraul`dlm tfds ovolt. Pfo quostdals ecsa saumft ta prapaso e rogcontdal dl
torhs ag tfodr prosolt jy esidlm; ds tfds vdacolno sdhdcer ta tfo alo yau oxpordolno
ta`ey1 ]fy1
E``dtdaleccy, tfo toeh roecdzo` ajsorvetdals `urdlm ncess tdho gar tfo porda` ag tfroo
woois. Pforo wes ecweys e hdldhuh ag twa rosoernfors prosolt. Pfo toeh ajsorvo`
tfo dltorentdals ehalm tfo stu`olts `urdlm ncess, ronoss, pfysdnec o`unetdal el` neroor
tredldlm. Pfo dltorentdals jotwool stu`olts el` toenfors woro ecsa ajsorvo`.
Ecc rosoernf tonfldquos woro `ovocapo` dl e rospontguc hellor, entdvocy naar`dletdlm
wdtf tfo eutfardtdos et tfo snfaac, wdtfaut dltorvoldlm dl `edcy `ylehdns jotwool
stu`olts el` toenfors, el` wdtf otfdnec nrdtorde. Dl tfds ropart wo wdcc lat rovoec tfo
leho ag tfo pertdndpetdlm dlstdtutdal lar stu`olts ar toenfors lehos el` atfor
porsals dltorvdowo`.
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5. A_Z ZEND^H
]fet wo edh ta sfaw dl tfds stu`y ds sdhpco, ecjodt sdhucteloauscy emedlst tfo
provecolt nahhal solso. @dsnrdhdletdal el` rendsh wari el` ero usoguc, wfdnf
oxpcedls tfodr rosdstelno el` porhelolno `ospdto pujcdn roprajetdal es wocc es comec
el` harec nal`ohletdal.
Pfo stu`olts wdtf wfah wo fevo nalvorso` ronur ta rendsh es e `ogolso honfeldsh
dl el olvdralholt gucc ag patoltdec el` roec emmrossdals. Zendsh waris gar tfoh es e
woepal, e taac gar tfo woei dl provoltdlm tfohsocvos grah jodlm e termot el`
trelsgorrdlm tfo emmrossdals ta tfo loxt porsal. Pfds ds wfy tforo ds la ol` ta tfo
nfedl ag rendsh, gar tforo ds ecweys sahoalo ta wfah tfo vuclorejdcdty nel jo
trelsceto` ta, romer`coss ag wfotfor ar lat tfoy hoot tfo pfolatypdn roqudroholts.
]fet hettors ds tfet dl e spondgdn rocetdalsfdp, tohpareccy `ogdlo`, sahoalo fes dl e
`otorhdlo` dlstelno coss rosaurnos ta `ogol` tfohsocvos tfel tfo atfor, el` tfoprosolno ag e tolso naltoxt wforojy jatf ar ecc ero weltdlm ta gdmft ar, et coest
avornaho dl tfo jost nal`dtdals.
Zendsh jotwool jays el` mdrcs ds tfus e usoguc rosaurno tfet eccaws tfoh ta dltorent
el` sacvo porhelolt sdtuetdals ag nahpotdtdal el` emmrossdal. Pfds rendsh gucgdccs
nalnroto el` oggontdvo sandec gulntdals, wfdnf ely id` nel soo el` tocc. Dt ds la
hystory. Dt ds pert ag tfo ersolec evedcejco ta tfoh ta ettol` snfaac wdtf rocetdvo el`
ecweys ulstejco sunnoss. Pa`eys emmrossar nel jo taharraws vdntdh ar jatf echast
sdhucteloauscy.
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Dt ds lat lonossery ta dhemdlo mroet ents ag rendsh ar somrometdal. Pfds rendsh ds he`o
up ag cdttco tfdlms, ag `otedcs, ag `edcy cdgo. Pfoso `edcy dltorentdals ero lat usueccy
ajsorvo` joneuso dt ds tfo warc` ag nfdc`rol el` yautf, wforo e`ucts fevo cdhdto`
ennoss. El` tfds rendsh nfelmos joneuso tfo rocetdalsfdps ehalm nfdc`rol ecsa nfelmo.La alo ds rendst ecc tfo tdho. Roapco ronur ta rendsh joneuso dt waris gar tfoh el`
joneuso tfo prentdno `ohalstretos tfet dt ds usoguc.
Dt ds pertdnucercy usoguc wfol e jay ar e mdrc fevo ta `ogol` tfohsocvos ar tfdli tfoy
fevo ta pratont tfohsocvos ar provolt feressholt. Es sunf, dt ol`s up jodlm e usoguc
el` ovol pasdtdvo rosaurno. _lgartuletocy, dt ds lat e nroetdvo sacutdal jut retfor e
`ogolsdvo alo. Pfds ds joneuso ectfaumf dt cdjoretos e nfdc` grah e haholt ag
ettoltdal el` tolsdal dl e mraup, dt trelscetos tfo jur`ol ta elatfor. Dl e spondgdn
haholt tforo ds ecweys sahoalo haro Dl`del ar nfacata sorvo es termot wfah dl e
mdvol tdho wdcc turl ta tfo seho woepal.
Grah wfet wo fevo ajsorvo`, echast ely id` et tfds snfaac nel uso rendsh el` jo
vdntdhs ag dt, ectfaumf saho fevo haro pawor, rosaurnos, el` stetus tfel atfors. Pfoy
hey jo haro groquoltcy tfo termots ag rendec feressholts. Pfo `dggorolno loo`o` ta jo
hanio` ar e termot ag rd`dnuco nel jo es hdldsnuco es fevdlm ar lat fevdlm e `onolt
latojaai ar sdhdcer ta tfet ag atfor tfo papucer poors9 ar woerdlm `drty el` ac`
ncatfdlm. Pfoso ero tfo tfdlms tfet hettor et snfaac el` tfet gar us hdmft jo
dlsdmldgdnelt.
Dg rendsh ds e woepal ag tfo woei ta `ogol` tfohsocvos, tfol ero wo prahatdlm
rendsh1 Latfdlm gurtfor grah aur dltoltdal. ]o wauc` ta dlvdto ta soo el` `osnrdjo
tfo dltorentdals es e gdrst stop, dl ar`or ta ronamldzo dts sandec gulntdal, dts rocetdvo
sunnoss el` coerl ejaut dts oggonts, ajsorvdlm tfet saho ero pasdtdvo.
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Pfds rendsh `dssdpetos saho mraup tolsdals, gdl`dlm e mot ewey grah tfo stross ag
nahpotdtdal el` porhelolt nalgcdntdvo rocetdalsfdps dl snepomaets tfet nfelmo ar
rateto tfodr raco. Dt nel haholterdcy sevo e sujkont grah jodlm el ajkont ag emmrossdal,
jrdlmdlm tfoh e jesdn, `ohanretdn, woepal et ovoryalos roenf. Hely id`s nel`ogol` tfohsocvos ar jottor pasdtdal tfohsocvos et tfds snfaac joneuso tfoy spoei
jottor ^peldsf, atfors joneuso tfoy fevo urjel oxpordolnos, uso ldno ncatfdlm ar nel
juy slenis `urdlm ronoss jut lat ecc nel ronur ta tfoso taacs. Gar tfaso tfet fevo
latfdlm et fel`, rendsh aggol`dlm alo elatfor ds sahotfdlm tfet tfoy nel fevo
el` `a. Dt ds nfoep, dt nahos ta el echast dlvdsdjco prdno joneuso elyalo nel ceumf ar
dlsuct tfo id` tfet hossos up dl fds roe`dlm dl gralt ag tfo ncess, jut dt ds el echast
dlvdsdjco prdno joneuso et hanidlm tfo atfor stu`olt, fo/sfo hdmft gooc mudct et
roecdzdlm tfet vory `oopcy tfoy ero hanidlm tfohsocvos. Dt ds tfds lometdvo oggont tfet
eppoers ta us es tfo hast prajcohetdn gar d`oltdty. Pfds ds e tapdn tfoy wdcc fevo ta
`oec wdtf gar e calm tdho. Goocdlm prau` ag tfodr celmuemo, tredts, el` gehdcdos ds lat
sahotfdlm tfet wdcc jo eutahetdn ar sdhpco, tfoy wdcc fevo ta suppart tfds jy ronurrdlm,
dl saho nesos, ta vory nahpcox ocejaretdals.
]fet feppols et tfds snfaac ds fer` ta molorecdzo, lat kust ta wfet feppols et atfor
snfaacs jut wfet feppols dl tfo romdal ag Nusna ar tfo naultry. Pfds ds tfus e
nalnroto el` ha`ost stu`y jut dt fes tfo vecuo ag ganusdlm gar e jrdog tdhogreho dl e
sdlmco speno el` dl shecc dltorentdals tfet ero agtol hdsso` dl hekar elecysos.
]dtfaut e `aujt, tfoso rosucts gdl` nahhalecdtdos wdtf ronolt cdtoreturo ejaut
`dsnrdhdletdal dl Nusna el` Roru dl molorec. Gdrst ag ecc, dt ds agtol ronamldzo` tfet
tforo ero nahpcox dltorsontdalecdtdos romer`dlm rendsh; `dsnrdhdletdal gar sandec ncess,
otfla-nucturec el` jy mol`or (Renfonfa, :25:). Pfo Nusquoa eppoers nalsndaus ag
tfoso snolerdas el` ds ejco ta d`oltdgy tfet rendsh ds oxtol`o` et o`unetdalec gendcdtdos
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ta tfo padlt wforo dt ds nalsd`oro` alo ag dts prdhery spenos (ecalm wdtf tfo gehdcy
uldt) wforo `dsnrdhdletdal ds coerlo`.
Hunf fes jool wrdttol ejaut rendsh dl Roru el` tforo ero `dvorso quostdalledros tfetsfaw faw tfo Roruvdel ds nalsndaus ag rendsh, ecjodt `aos lat tol` ta nalgoss ta
jodlm e vdntdh ag sunf.5Pfo seho tfdlm feppols wdtf aur stu`olts et aur gdrst naltent
el` gdrst `dsnussdals. Gurtforharo, rendsh `aos lat fevo ta jo leho` dl sunf e wey.
Pa`ey jays el` mdrcs greho emmrossdals el` tolsdals eraul` juccydlm. Pforo ero hely
ronolt dlvostdmetdals tfet sfaw wdtf ncerdty tfo wey tfet `edcy, nahhal, el` echast
systohetdn garhs ag rendsh dltorvolo dl poapcos `edcy cdgo sunf es ennoss ta
ohpcayholt (Iamel, :25>). Dl tfo neso ag aur stu`olts el` toenfors, tfds ds latfdlm
aut ag tfo ar`dlery.
Ettoltdal fes jool mdvol, wdtf hunf roesal, ta tfo cdli jotwool otfldndty, reno el`
oqudty dl ar`or ta nferentordzo `dsnrdhdletdal dl Roru el` tfo oltdro romdal. Ravorty
el` tfo hermdlecdzetdal ag Egra-Ehordnel el` Dl`dmolaus poapcos nellat jo
ul`orstaa` jy ely atfor hoels tfel tfo nalkulntdal ag sanda-nucturec el` onalahdn
gentars stralmcy tdo` ta tfo fdstary el` garhs tfet tfoso poapco el` dl`dvd`uecs fevo
jool dlnarpareto` dl tfo rost ag tfo naultry (ND@F, :225). _l`aujto`cy, tfds ds e
gul`eholtec nahpalolt gar ul`orstel`dlm tfo wey dl wfdnf nfdc`rol troet alo
elatfor. @ospdto fevdlm nfasol e sandeccy el` onalahdneccy fahamolaus snfaac -
wforo echast ecc stu`olts naho grah poeselt, Uuonfue-spoeidlm gehdcdos - tfo otfldn
el` nucturec heriors rohedl tfodr prdhery hatdvo gar ostejcdsfdlm rendst rocetdalsfdps.
Pfo snfaac ds e pceno ag emmrossdal ruco` jy el epperolt eutfardty jut tfet dl tfo
jenimraul` yau nel gdl` alo groquoltcy dhpaso` es sahotfdlm ncasor ta elahdo.
/Pfo letdalec quostdalledro ejaut `dsnrdhdletdal sfaws tfet et coest fecg ag tfo letdalec papucetdal nalsd`ors aur
sandoty ta jo rendst (^uchalt, :22?).
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Poenfors el` eutfardty gdmuros agtol dlfdjdt tfohsocvos grah tfodr gulntdal es
muereltars ag rdmfts. Dl saho nesos, tfoy lat alcy dlfdjdt tfohsocvos jut ent es entdvo
ocoholts gar tfo ropra`untdal ag rendsh ar vdacolno. Poenfors ero hastcy ejco ta pdni
al tfo hast vuclorejco stu`olts `uo ta tfodr cetoloss neuso` jy cdvdlm ger ewey,fymdolo, dleppraprdeto ncatfdlm, el` tfodr dlnahpotolt ejdcdty ta roe` ^peldsf.
Pfds coe`s us ta tfdli ag tfo woeiloss ag tfo snfaac es e speno gar ndtdzolsfdp. Dt ds el
dlstdtutdal tfet ds taa pronerdaus, wforo tforo ds jerocy saho dlstruntdal dl ncess el`
wforo tfo nalnopt ag ndtdzolsfdp ds hdsul`orstaa` ar troeto` es ndvdn hdcdtery. Pfo
letdalecdst ds sool es e prajcoh ar e jur`ol; stu`olts law ilaw tfodr rdmfts el` cdhdt
tfo toenfor grah naltraccdlm tfo dlstdtutdal, wforo groquolt nahpcedlts ero tfet tfoy
law fevo taa hely rdmfts (^oo Emora el` atfors, :25>).
Et e henra-covoc, wo hust rohohjor tfet tfds rocetdalsfdp wdtf tfo ^teto ds ossoltdec
el` tfet tfo snfaac ds dhpartelt joneuso tforo ds la atfor ennossdjco roprosoltetdal ag
tfo ^teto gar Nusquoa stu`olts. Dt ds wartf latdlm tfet ronolt stu`dos fdmfcdmft tfo
entdvo raco ag tfo ^teto dl tfo nalstruntdal ag rendecdzo` rocetdalsfdps, lat kust gar
ahdssdal, jut gar tfo nalstruntdal ag e haro ar coss nalsndaus letdalec ha`oc wforo
pramross dhpcdo` coevdlm tfaso wfa woro lat wostorlors, ar et coest dl nucturec torhs,
autsd`o ag tfo nahhuldty (@rdlat, :25:).
Pforo ds hunf ene`ohdn `dsnussdal dl torhs ag tfo rendst nferentor ag Roruvdels, es
ul`orfel`o` el` sdhucteloauscy furtguc9 es dlvdsdjco el` pedlguc ta tfaso wfa suggor
ag tfo la aloloss.:Pforo ero saho wfa ohpfesdzo dts porhelolno tfraumfaut
nolturdos, el` es sunf, dts nacaldec fordtemo (Gcaros Mecdl`a, 54669 Helrdquo, 5444).
Atfors fdmfcdmft tfo ha`orl tredts ag rendsh, dts jal`dlm wdtf tfo sndoltdgdn el`
2Porh nadlo` jy Nercas Dvl @omromard, - _l`orstaa` es `ds`edl grah tfo tap ta tfo jattah.
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jdacamdnec dhparto` grah Ourapo, wfol tfo nacaldec steto ar`or mevo dl el` tfet, es e
rosuct, ds stralmcy ropujcdnel (Rartanerrora, 544>9 Neccdrmas, 544>). Gar tfo purpaso ag
aur stu`y, Nondcde Hl`oz (5447) stu`y ds vory dhpartelt joneuso dt sfaws tfo
romdalec `ylehdns, nfelmos dl `dsnaurso ehalm tfo ocdto ag tfo tdho, el` ennoltuetostfo ajkontdgdnetdal ag tfo Dlne pest. ^fo `dsnussos e pest tfet wes strdppo` ewey grah
dts fodrs syhjacdneccy jocdttco` el` rosuho` dl tfo pfreso grah for wocc-ilawl
ossey; Dlnes, yos. Dl`dels, la. ^a, wfy ero wo dltorosto` dl tfoso typos ag stu`dos1
Joneuso tfoy focp us ta greho aur neso stu`y, jy nahperdlm cdgo dl tfo snfaac dl
_rujehje dl rocetdal ta wfet ds jodlm ajsorvo` et e letdalec covoc. Dt ecsa eccaws us ta
oxehdlo tfo cdhdts ag aur warrdos mdvol tfet entdlm dl e rendst hellor ds lat sahotfdlm
tfet nel jo ro`uno` ta e horo retdalec ar dlstruholtec entdal sunf es D uso rendsh
joneuso dt ds nalvoldolt ar e maa` nfadno. Cdiowdso, wo nellat dmlaro tfds dl`dvd`uec
el` rocetdvo rocetdal, wfdnf ds agtol cast dl molorec eppraxdhetdals wforo fdstary
eppoers ta oxpcedl gar dtsocg ovorytfdlm el` seydlm tfet dts e pranoss suggdnos es e
kustdgdnetdal.
Nondcde Hl`oz ossey ds ag pertdnucer dhpartelno ta us sdlno pert ag aur dltorvdows
el` quostdalledros `oect wdtf tfo `oect wdtf tfo rocetdalsfdp tfet stu`olts ostejcdsfo`
ar lat wdtf tfo Dlne pest, el` wfotfor tfds jraumft nalsoquolnos ta faw tfoy
d`oltdgdo` tfohsocvos ta`ey ar wdtf tfodr rocetdalsfdp wdtf atfor poors. Avorecc wo sew
tfet tfdlms ero vory hdxo`. Pforo ds e prd`o gar tfo Dlnel, nucturec el` petrdhaldec es
stu`olts ronamldzo tfohsocvos ta saho `omroo ta jo Dlnel fodrs, ecjodt tfodr cdlemo
eppoers ta jo gremholto`. Pforo ero mroet coeps jotwool `one`os ar ovol nolturdos
jotwool tfo Dlnel ta tfoh el` ta Henfu Rdnnfu. Et tfo seho tdho, dt ds dltorostdlm ta
lato tfet tfodr ettohpt ta rosnuo tfodr Dlnel fordtemo `aos lat eccaw tfoh ta oesdcy
rosacvo tfo tapdn ag tfodr d`oltdty dl torhs ag prd`o el` prostdmo. Pfo petfs ero lat es
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oesy es tfoy sooh el` tfodr socg-ronamldtdal es dl`dmolaus ds prajcohetdn ar `oldo`.>Dt
ds hunf haro nahhal ta d`oltdgy es e hostdza, ovol tfaumf, es wo wdcc soo, ds ecsa e
nahpcox petf.0
Pfo Nahhdssdal gar Prutf el` Zonalndcdetdal (:22>) `ohalstreto` tfo `ovestetdlm
dhpent ag rendsh el` `dsnrdhdletdal dl aur sandoty, es sool wdtf tfo oggont dt fe`
`urdlm tfo porda` ag dltorlec erho` nalgcdnt (5462s el` 5442s). Pfo NPZ sfawo` tfet,
et coest, 62 pornolt ag tfo nesuectdos woro poapco wfa fe` Uuonfue es tfodr hatfor
talmuo.?Pfds, pedro` wdtf tfo dlseldty dl wfdnf hely ag tfoso `oetfs woro porgarho`,
sfaw e sandec ar`or tfet `aos lat ronamldzo ndtdzol oqudty el` e ^teto tfet ropra`unos
dlkustdnos.
Zosoernf dl Nusna (Renfona, :25:) sfaws tfo `dggorolnos jotwool `dsnrdhdletdal dl
urjel el` rurec eroes. Dl Nusna, el` dl `dggorolno grah Cdhe, tforo ero saho latejco
ejsolnos sunf es la `dsnrdhdletdal gar jodlm sorrela (fdmfcel`or) es ds nahhal dl tfo
nepdtec, wforo tforo ds e `dsromer` tawer`s pravdlnos d`oltdgdo` es lal-ha`orl. Dl
Nusna e pravdlno latardauscy sorrele tfds nellat ajvdauscy annur, yot saho
nrassrae`s stdcc erdso. Gar oxehpco, tfo hekardty ag dts dlfejdtelts ero ag El`oel ardmdl,
yot `orametary troetholt ehalm tfoh annur9 haro tfel fecg ag tfo papucetdal ilaws
Uuonfue, yot dts uso ar tfo `ogdndolt uso ag ^peldsf moloretos rokontdal. Pfo hatdvos
gar romdalec prd`o ero Dlnel ar Rro-Nacahjdel yot tfo papucetdal wdtf tfoso El`oel
5Pfo `dggdnucty gar ul`orstel`dlm tfo hemldtu`o ag tfo prdhery otfldn letdalec mraup (ag El`oel ardmdl) ds nurroltcyronamldzo`. Dl tfds solso, tforo ds la nalsolsus avor tfo sdzo ag tfo dl`dmolaus papucetdal dl Roru, gar wfdnf dg dt ds`opol`olt al socg-d`oltdgdnetdal nauc` jo oqudvecolt ta alo tfdr` ag tfo naultrys papucetdal. Hunf ag tfoso rosucts`opol` al tfo hotfa`acamy, quostdals el` saurnos uso`. E maa` avorvdow nel jo gaul` dl Cahl :250.
0E ronolt stu`y sfaws wfet fes ecroe`y jool fdmfcdmfto` jy atfor hoels, wfdnf ds tfet el dhholso hekardty agRoruvdels nalsd`ors tfohsocvos hostdzas(Nerrdl y [reto, :252).
?Dl tfds romer`, Cu`wdm Fujor, fdmfcdmfto` tfet ovol tfaumf tfo NPZ sfawo` tfet tfo hekardty ag tfo vdntdhs woroUuonfue-spoeiors, wo hust lat `dsromer` tfet hely ag tfo porpotretars hust fevo ecsa jool sa tfohsocvos.
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tredts ds tfo alo `ospdso`9 tfo hekardty ag tfo cest lehos ero Uuonfues, jut gehdcys
pest `aos lat e`` prostdmo, otn.
Dl el dldtdec dlvostdmetdal roecdzo` dl :25:, Loxas Waculterdas `otedco` tfo ajstencostfet `dsnrdhdletdal nel moloreto dl tfo ennoss ag pujcdn sorvdnos dl _rujehje, el
dhpartelt el` loerjy ndty ta tfo romdalec nepdtec.
Es sunf, tforo ds stralm prosolno al tfo tapdn, lat alcy ag rendsh, jut dl tfo
dltorsontdalecdtdos ag `dsnrdhdletdal, wfdnf nel jo ardolto` dl verdaus garhs el` wfdnf
dlve`os jatf prdveto el` pujcdn spforos (Jruno, :255). Es wo fevo sool dl tfoso
waris el` dl atfors roecdzo` dl tfo naultry, `dsnrdhdletdal dl Roru `aos lat annur
tawer`s e hdlardty jut dlstoe` dlvacvos prentdneccy ecc sandec sujkonts. Dt ecweys gdl`s e
garh ag oxprossdal jeso` al fdorernfdnec `dggorolnos (eppoecdlm ta reno, nucturo, stetus,
purnfesdlm pawor, o`unetdal, wforo yau cdvo, wfet kaj yau fevo, el` e vory calm
otnotore).
]o jomdl jy esidlm aursocvos ejaut tfo loo` ta rosart ta tfds woepal gar
`dsnrdhdletdal. ]o summost, es e garh ag rogcontdal, tfet tfo loo` ta `ogol` alosocg dl
uloquec, emmrossdvo sandec oxnfelmos ds wfet hatdvetos tfo ronaurso ta alo ar verdaus
garhs ag `dsnrdhdletdal. Dl atfor war`s, dt ds e taac ta ro`uno alos awl vuclorejdcdty.
Dl tfds romer`, dt fes e pasdtdvo espont joneuso dt eccaws tfo sujkont ta survdvo el`
`ogol` tfohsocvos dl el emmrossdvo olvdralholt. Fawovor, tfds ds `alo et tfo nast ag
ropra`undlm ar olfelndlm ocoholts tfet dl turl heio tfo surraul`dlms haro
nalgcdntdvo, el` ag canetdlm alosocg dlsd`o e ndrnco wforo tfoy ero `ovecuo`.
^nfaacs ero spenos wforo tfoso rocetdalsfdps ero ropra`uno` `ospdto oggarts ta `ovocap
e haro dlncusdvo o`unetdal. Gurtforharo, snfaacs ero ecsa dlstdtutdals wforo tforo ero
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stdcc porsdstdlm vortdnec el` eutfardtetdvo toenfdlm prentdnos el` rocetdals (Ehos, :222).
@dsnrdhdletdal annurs dl urjel el` rurec snfaacs9 dl prdveto el` pujcdn9 prdveto wdtf
haro ar coss haloy9 el` dlsd`o tfo snfaacs tfohsocvos. Dt ds lat alcy e nfedl ag
`dsnrdhdletdal jut retfor e ronroetdal dl oenf speno wforo rocetdalsfdps ero`dggoroltdeto` fdorernfdneccy.
]o tfdli tfet tfds ds el oxpordolno tfet ds proheturocy cdvo` jy jays el` mdrcs. Pfoy
coerl ta `dsnrdhdleto et tfo seho tdho tfet tfoy coerl ta nahpoto el` nafejdteto. Pfds
typo ag dlgarhec coerldlm ds prosolt dl porsalec rocetdalsfdps, dltorentdals wdtf poors
el` toenfors, el` dl snfaac rautdlos; kaios, dlsucts, ldnilehos, fymdolo el` ovol tfo
wey tfoy uso tfo jetfraah.
Faw `a jays el` mdrcs oxpordolno tfoso rocetdalsfdps, prentdnos el` toenfdlms ag
`dggorolnos dl e rurec snfaac dl Nusna1 Dt ds romer`dlm tfds hettor tfet wo wauc` cdio ta
oxpel` dl tfds neso stu`y.
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:. ^P_@OLP^ EL@ POENFOZ^
PECI EJA_P @D^NZDHDLEPDAL
Aur maec wes ta dlqudro ejaut tfo pornoptdals el` vecuos gar toenfors el` stu`olts dl
torhs ag `dsnrdhdletdal. ]o woro dltorosto` dl coerldlm tfodr oxpordolnos el`
apdldals, es wo eppraenfo` tfodr `edcy snfaac rautdlos, el` coerlo` haro ejaut
tfohos sunf es; ncessos, fymdolo, `ross, ncessraah el` pceymraul` dltorentdals9 el`
dltorentdals jotwool toenfors el` stu`olts. ]o roecdzo` odmft dltorvdows ta stu`olts
el` gdvo ta toenfors (dlncu`dlm tfo snfaacs psynfacamdst). Dl tfo gaccawdlm sontdal wo
wocc `osnrdjo oenf ag aur nalvorsetdals el` wo wdcc nalncu`o wdtf saho molorec
nahholts.
:.5 Dltorvdows wdtf stu`olts
Es wes provdauscy holtdalo`, tfo sujkonts ag aur dltorvdows woro grah _rujehje
el` e gow fdmf El`oel nahhuldtdos, wdtf e jecelno jotwool hol el` wahol.
^tu`olts, toenfors el` perolts woro esio` ejaut `dsnrdhdletdal dl tfo snfaac systoh,
Uuonfue tfo dl`dmolaus celmuemo, el` tfodr oxpordolnos el` apdldals ejaut
`dsnrdhdletdal.
Gar roesals ag nalgd`oltdecdty, stu`olts dltorvdowo` woro essdmlo` e cottor grah E taF.
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^tu`olt E
Heco cdvos tfroo idcahotors ewey grah snfaac.
Fo dltorprots `dsnrdhdletdals es tfo onalahdn `dggorolnos jotwool poapco el`
d`oltdgdo` wdtf ecc Roruvdels, lat es pert ag e spondgdn otfldndty.
^aho ag fds apdldals rogconto` storoatypos. Gar oxehpco, dl torhs ag fds progorolno ag
goheco eppoerelno, fo eggdrho` tfet wahol wdtf cdmftor sidl woro hast ettrentdvo. Fo
ecsa eggdrho` tfet fo spaio Uuonfue el` tfet fo wauc` toenf tfo celmuemo ta fds
nfdc`rol, `ospdto tfo rdsi tfet tfoy hey jo `dsnrdhdleto` emedlst.
Gdleccy, wfol wo esio` fdh wfet war`s ar torhs jatforo` fdh tfo hast, fo eggdrho`
tfet ectfaumf nfaca ds ennoptejco dl saho nesos, fo wauc` jo aggol`o` dg fds perolts ar
sahoalo dl e pasdtdal ag eutfardty uso` dt ta `osnrdjo fdh.
Dl molorec, tfo stu`olt eppoero` ta ronamldzo tfo prosolno ag onalahdn
`dsnrdhdletdal jut lat tfo sandec ar strunturec neusos tfet coe` ta `dsnrdhdletdal. Gar
oxehpco, fo nauc` lat d`oltdgy tfo rocetdalsfdp jotwool onalahdn stetus el` otfldndty
ar pceno ag ardmdl.
Lovortfocoss, wo latdno` tfet fo, cdio ecc tfo rost, fe` e ronurrolt nalsndolno tfet tforo
ero ajkontdvo ocoholts et snfaac tfet moloreto `dsnrdhdletdal; tfo wfdtor, tfo haro
urjel, el` tfo alos tfet spoei tfo celmuemo jottor ar warso. Et tfo seho tdho tforo ds
e vecardzetdal gar Uuonfue. Pfds stu`olt ds ewero tfet fo nel jo el ajkont ag
`dsnrdhdletdal jut ncedhs ta jo wdccdlm ta nalgralt dt.
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^tu`olt J
Goheco grah Renfer, e nahhuldty gaul` eppraxdhetocy >2 hdlutos jy ner grah
`awltawl _rujehje.
^fo ds nalsndaus ag onalahdn `dsnrdhdletdal, dl`dnetdlm tfet sfo wauc` jo aggol`o` dg
tfds annurro` ta ely ag for gehdcy hohjors. ^fo tfdlis tfet tfaso wfa trevoc ta atfor
ndtdos, cdio Cdhe, fevo ta nalgralt `dsnrdhdletdal.
^fo oxprosso` mroet `dsnahgart wdtf tfo d`oe ag tfo dltorvdow jodlm ronar`o` ar tfet
latos woro jodlm teiol, jut ovoltueccy ennopto`.
^tu`olt J ronamldzo` tfo stralm nallontdal jotwool `dsnrdhdletdal neuso` jy
onalahdn el` sandec gentars. ]fol esio` ejaut tfo ardmdls ag ejuso et snfaac, sfo
oxpcedlo` tfet tfo `dggorolno jotwool onalahdn stetus us alo ag tfo hedl neusos el`
tfet tfaso tfet `dsnrdhdleto naho grah e supordar onalahdn stetus. ^fo oxprosso` tfet
tfo hekardty ag stu`olts kaio ejaut nacaur ag sidl el` tfet tfo wey stu`olts kaio
roceto` ta e fdorernfy ag sidl nacaur, wforo jodlm necco` jceni ds e garh ag dlsuct.
Gdleccy, wfol esio` ejaut wfet tfdlms sfo wauc` nfelmo dl forsocg el` faw sfo
wauc` roenf emedlst rendsh, dt wes ovd`olt tfet sfo wauc` lat `ogol` forsocg joneuso
sfo wauc` progor ta fd`o for gehdcy jenimraul` tfel fevdlm ta tocc tfo rost ag tfo
snfaac.
Emedl, tfds stu`olt ronamldzos tfo `edcy ocoholts ag snfaac cdgo tfet moloreto groquolt
`dsnrdhdletdal el` ronamldzos fevdlm suggoro` tfoh. ^fo wes dl`dmlelt emedlst
onalahdn `dggorolnos (wfdnf ta aur oyos eppoer dlsdmldgdnelt nalsd`ordlm tfet tfds ds e
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snfaac wdtf mroet pavorty) jut sfo ds ulejco ta pasdtdal forsocg stralmcy el`
dl`opol`oltcy dl rocetdal ta for elnostrec d`oltdty el` tredts.
^tu`olt N
Goheco grah Henfu Rdnnfu, e nahhuldty tfet jocalms ta tfo Dlne Predc.
Hely ag for elswors naltresto` tfaso ag provdaus dltorvdows. Gar oxehpco, sfo
ganuso` `dsnrdhdletdal hastcy jeso` al pceno ag ardmdl tfel al onalahdn stetus.
Pfds stu`olt fdmfcdmfto` tfet tfaso tfet naho grah rurec nahhuldtdos ero tfaso tfet
ronodvo ejusos haro groquoltcy. Dl gent, sfo jocdovos tfet dg sfo woro ta trevoc ta Cdhe
sfo wauc` jo `dsnrdhdleto` emedlst sdlno sfo nahos grah e rurec nahhuldty.
El dltorostdlm espont ag for dltorvdow wes e nahholt sfo he`o ejaut `ahostdn
vdacolno wdtfaut fevdlm ovol jool esio` ejaut dt. ^fo holtdalo` tfo dhpent tfet
`ahostdn vdacolno nel fevo al saho nfdc`rol.
For ohpfesds al tfo dhpartelno ag prosorvdlm Uuonfue wes elatfor tfdlm tfet sfo
strosso`, ronamldzdlm tfet dt ds e gul`eholtec pert ag for nucturo. ^fo ecsa
enilawco`mo` tfet tforo ds stdmhe el` ohjerressholt wfol spaiol `uo ta
`dsnrdhdletary prentdnos, el` tfet tfoso ero tfo roesals gar dts `dseppoerelno.
Gurtforharo, sfo lato` tfet dts ceni ag utdcdty dl pragossdals ds elatfor patoltdec neuso
gar tfo `dseppoerelno ag tfo celmuemo.
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^fo holtdalo` tfet tfo sdtuetdal ds dhpravdlm wdtf tdho el` tonflacamy, ovol tfau
tfds ds lat el dl`dnetar ag dhpravoholt dl romer`s ta `dsnrdhdletdal, sacocy al
onalahdn stetus el` tfo `dggusdal ag tonflacamy el` `dseppoerelno ag nucturo.
Cestcy, sfo `osnrdjo` e nalgcdntdlm sdtuetdal sfo ds fevdlm wdtf e toenfor et snfaac wfa
tecis jofdl` for jeni el` `aos lat mdvo for loo`o` ene`ohdn suppart. Lovortfocoss,
stu`olt N nauc` lat heio ely typo ag nahpcedlt `uo ta ceni ag ropartdlm honfeldsh
el` gar goer ag lat pessdlm snfaac.
^tu`olt @
Heco grah tfo nahhuldty ag Nfdnl.
Pfds stu`olt wes haro gehdcderdzo` wdtf atfor `dsnrdhdletary strunturos. Fo
fdmfcdmfto` tfet onalahdn `dsnrdhdletdal ds e rosuct ag `dggorolnos dl ardmdl, reno,
otfldndty, rocdmdal, soxuec ardoltetdal ar sidl nacaur.
Fo vecuos fds nucturo mroetcy. Fo goocs prau` ag tfo war` nfacawfdco atfor stu`olts
gdl` tfet tfds torh ds alcy ennoptejco dl spondgdn naltoxts.
Dl tfds dltorvdow, wo ajsorvo` tfet stu`olt @ wauc` lat nfelmo elytfdlm ejaut
fdhsocg ta jo ennopto` dl sandoty. Fo goocs vory nahgartejco wdtf fds eppoerelno el`
`aos lat gooc esfeho` ejaut nortedl esponts ag fds cdgo. Lovortfocoss, fo oxprosso`
syhpetfy wfol enilawco`mdlm tfet atfors `a gooc esfeho` ag tfohsocvos.
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Fo sfawo` mroet dltorost dl `dssohdletdlm Uuonfue el` welts ta teio e haro entdvo
raco dl prosorvdlm fds nucturo. Pfds nauc` jo es e rosuct ag fds guturo maecs ag jonahdlm
e prdost el` teidlm haro rospalsdjdcdtdos dl tfo nahhuldty.
^tu`olt O
Goheco grah Ufatafudlnfa.
^fo ronamldzo` tfet `dsnrdhdletdal ds jeso` al reno. ^fo `oldo` tfo d`oe tfet
`dsnrdhdletdal nauc` ardmdleto grah onalahdn stetus. Pfds coe`s us ta jocdovo tfet
jays tol` ta ganus haro al onalahdn nal`dtdals tfel mdrcs. Dt wes ecsa dltorostdlm ta
soo faw sfo cdlio` `dsnrdhdletdal wdtf dltoccdmolno ar nferentor.
^fo ul`orstaa` tfo dhpartelno ag moloretdalec nallontdals ag nucturo es sfo
holtdalo` tfo dhpartelno ag faw Uuonfue wes pesso` al tfraumf moloretdals.
^tu`olt O wes tfo alcy alo tfet holtdalo` faw dg sahoalo dlsucto` sahoalo ocso
wdtf tfo war` nfaca tfet tfoy wauc` jo dlsuctdlm tfohsocvos, sdlno ecc ag tfoh woro
nfacas et saho padlt dl Roruvdel sandoty. _lcdio stu`olt @, tfds stu`olt welto` ta
nfelmo forsocg ta jo ennopto` sandeccy.
^fo ronamldzo` tfet sfo nauc` uso tfo torh nfaca ovol dg sfo `d` lat cdio dt joneuso dl
saho snolerdas dt ds lonossery.
Dt wes ovd`olt `urdlm tfo dltorvdow tfet sfo `d` lat jocdovo `dsnrdhdletdal ta jo e
hekar prajcoh dl sandoty. Dl molorec, sfo sfawo` nortedl `omroo ag ul`orstel`dlm el`
fapos tfet tfo olvdralholt et snfaac dhpravos sa tfet stu`olts hey gooc segor.
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^tu`olt G
Heco grah tfo Nfenwey eroe, wforo fo cdvos el` waris et e gerh, hastcy al
wooiol`s.
Fo tfdlis tfet tforo ero poapco tfet gooc esfeho` ag spoeidlm Uuonfue joneuso tfoy
naho grah tfo El`os el` progor ta spoei e ha`orl celmuemo el` protol` ta jo
grah tfo ndty. Fawovor, `ospdto ilawdlm tfet tforo ds e `omre`dlm apdldal tawer`s
Uuonfue, fo stetos tfet fo wauc` toenf fds id`s ta spoei dt joneuso dt ds ldno el` swoot
cdio paotry el` joneuso dt garhs pert ag fds nucturo, alo ag wfdnf fo eggdrhs ta jo
prau` ag.
Fo essorts tfet id`s protol` taa hunf el` tfet fds grdol`s geio lat spoeidlm
Uuonfue ovol tfaumf 62 ar =2 pornolt ag tfoh `a. Fo tfdlis tfet tfaso tfet
hatdveto poapco ta gooc esfeho` ag spoeidlm Uuonfue ero tfaso tfet naho grah atfor
pcenos el` tfet spoei ^peldsf wocc.
Ovol tfaumf fo tfdlis tfet coevdlm tfo ndty wforo fo cdvos ta jo `dggdnuct, fo wauc`
cdio ta ettol` e snfaac dl Cdhe (ovol dg tfoy dlsuct fdh) joneuso fo tfdlis tfet fo
wauc` coerl low tfdlms el` wauc` fevo jottor tredlo` toenfors.
Fo tfdlis tfet e snolerda dl wfdnf emmrossdal nauc` jo haro provecolt ehalm
stu`olts wauc` jo wfol tfoy hani oenf atfor, hastcy tawer`s stu`olts grah fdmf
El`oel nahhuldtdos. ^aho ag tfo ajkonts ag haniory dlncu`o; tfo uso ag akates(e typo
ag sel`ec uso` jy dl`dmolaus poapco dl Roru el` atfor naultrdos), porsalec fymdolo
el` sannor. Zomer`dlm tfds cest dtoh, id`s heio gul joneuso tfoy jocdovo atfor id`s ta
jo ncuhsy joneuso tfoy pcey `dggoroltcy el` gecc wfol idnidlm tfo jecc. Dl tfds romer`,
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fo nfaasos lat ta pey ettoltdal jut fo padlts aut tfet echast ecc id`s `a dt, dlncu`dlm
tfaso wfa dl atfor annesdals ero ecsa tfo sujkonts ag haniory.
^tu`olt G tfdlis tfet toenfors ero ulgedr, tfet tfoy heio up mre`o el` tfet tfoy eroaut`eto` dl tfodr ilawco`mo. Fo ecsa tfdlis tfet tfoy `dsnrdhdleto. ]fol sahoalo
`aos lat `a tfodr fahowari, tfoy sey; yau sfauc`lt naho elyharo, stey Yet fahoX
wecidlm sfoop el` pdms. Fo holtdalo` tfet toenfors ganus taa hunf al pfysdnec
eppoerelno el` tfet tfoy `dsnrdhdleto id`s gar tfodr ncoelcdloss, dl hely nesos toccdlm
tfoh yau prajejcy naho grah pule (tfo haultedls).
^tu`olt G padlto` aut tfet tfo psynfacamdst nfonis tfodr fedrnut el` tfo wey tfoy ero
`rosso` jut tfet odtfor wey tfoy nel oltor tfraumf tfo jeni `aar, wforo atfor
stu`olts woerdlm akatesnaho dl (tfds ds sahotfdlm tfet aur ajsorvetdal `d` lat retdgy).
^dlno tforo ero sa hely haniordos dl tfo olvdralholt, fo ronahhol`s wecidlm dl
mraups. Fo fes lat ajsorvo` toesdlm et tfo idasi, kust tfet tfo hekardty juy sahotfdlm
ar dlvdto tfaso tfet `a lat.
Pa fdh, tfo jdmmost ohjerressholt ds lat ta ettol` dleppraprdetocy `rosso`, jut retfor
ta jo ldnileho`. ^dhdcercy, fo steto` tfet fo progors ta wari ta juy fds ncatfos el`
evad` tfet sdtuetdal. Fo nalsd`ors tfet fevdlm e maa` prosolno ds fevdlm el
o`uneto` celmuemo, maa` ncatfdlm el` nahdlm grah tfo ndty.
Pfds stu`olt focpo` us ta fevo e vory `otedco` netecamuo ag tfo verdaus snolerdas ag
`dsnrdhdletdal ehalm stu`olts, grah toenfors ta stu`olts, es wocc es saho `ogolso
stretomdos. Fo ecsa fdmfcdmfto` tfet echast ecc ag tfoh nel sey Dl`del ar nfaca, ar ta
ldnileho oenf atfor joneuso dt ds e wey ta `ogol` tfohsocvos.
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^tu`olt M
Heco grah Heres, e :? hdluto `rdvo ta snfaac al pujcdn trelsdt. Cdio tfo hekardty agtfaso dltorvdowo`, fo waris et tfo gerh ovory `ey, jut haro groquoltcy al tfo
wooiol`s.
Fo jocdovos tfet tfo hekardty ag fds poors spoei Uuonfue el` ovol tfaumf fo spoeis
dt, fo `aos lat wrdto dt vory wocc. Fo tfdlis tfet alo ag tfo neusos gar goocdlm esfeho`
ag spoeidlm Uuonfue ds joneuso tfoy mot tac` yau ero el Dl`del. Rerolts toenf tfodr
nfdc`rol Uuonfue jut progor tfet tfodr id`s spoei ^peldsf joneuso tfoy nel gdl` jottor
ohpcayholt.
@ospdto tfds, fo stetos tfet fo wauc` toenf fds nfdc`rol ta spoei jatf celmuemos
(Uuonfue el` ^peldsf). ^peldsf ta `ogol` tfohsocvos autsd`o el` Uuonfue ta spoei
wdtf tfodr gehdcy.
Fo wauc` ecsa cdio ta ettol` e snfaac dl Cdhe joneuso fo goocs tfet o`unetdal tforo ds
haro e`velno`. Fo jocdovos tfet dg tfds woro ta feppol, tfet et tfo jomdlldlm fo
wauc` jo he`o gul ag ar jo put esd`o el` tac yau `alt ilaw elytfdlm, gar wfdnf
fo wauc` gooc socg-nalsndaus.
Fo tfdlis tfet tforo ds `dsnrdhdletdal ehalm stu`olts el` tfet tfds ds joneuso mraups
sopereto. Pfaso tfet ma ta ene`ohde heio tfodr awl cdttco mraup el` oxncu`o tfo rost.
Pforogaro, tfds spondgdneccy nadlnd`os wdtf tfo rocetdal ta `dsnrdhdletdal jeso` al
onalahdn stetus.
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Atfor hatdvos gar `dsnrdhdletdal ero jeso` al tfo wey tfoy spoei, oxpross tfohsocvos
el` dl prosoltetdals. Dg wo heio e hdsteio dl saho ag tfo war`s tfol tfo toesdlm
jomdls, joneuso saho `alt spoei ^peldsf praporcy.
Fo ecsa ronamldzos haniory jeso` al sidl nacaur. Pfaso tfet ero ag `erior sidl ero
tac` yau ero jceni. Elatfor hatdvo ag rd`dnuco ds tfo uso ag tfo snfaac uldgarh
joneuso odtfor tfoy `a lat fevo dt al tdho ar joneuso tfoy `a lat woer dt praporcy.
Fo jocdovos tfet tforo ero haro poeselts tfel wfdtos et tfo snfaac. Fo `aos lat cdio
tfo uso ag tfo war` nfaca joneuso dt ds e garh ag `dsnrdhdletdal wforo tfoy try ta
cawor alos socg-ostooh. Nalvorsocy, Dl`del `aos lat jatfor fdh joneuso aur
elnostars woro Dl`dels. Fo ul`orstel`s tfet tfo uso ag tfo war` `opol`s al tfo
naltoxt el` tfet hely tdhos dt ds uso` dl gdmfts el` tfet ovol tfaumf dt `aos lat
jatfor fdh, fo nel ecsa uso dt es el dlsuct joneuso fo ilaws tfet dt `aos aggol` atfors.
Lovortfocoss, fo fes e vory dltorostdlm dltorprotetdal ag d`oltdty. Fo seys tfet porfeps
fds perolts ero nfacas jut tfet fo nel avornaho tfet. Hy perolts nelt stap jodlm
nfacas joneuso tfoy ero ecweys et tfo gerh jut D nel stap jodlm nfacajy stu`ydlm dl
uldvorsdty ar dl sahotfdlm tonfldnec, sa yau dhpravo el` yau jonaho hostdzagrah tfo
ndty. Fo e``s tfet fds espdretdal ds ta jo cdio ovoryalo grah tfo ndty.
Pa fdh, wo hust jo vory ettoltdvo sa tfet la alo hanis fdh dl tfo ncessraah. Fo
goocs esfeho` joneuso fo ds sidlly el` joneuso fo nellat oxpross fdhsocg oesdcy dl
^peldsf. Elatfor tapdn ag rd`dnuco ds shocc, mdvol tfet hely ag tfoh `a lat uso
`oa`arelt wfol tfoy prentdno sparts el` tfodr ncesshetos teio e`veltemo ag tfds ta
heio gul ag tfoh.
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Pfds stu`olt wauc` lat nfelmo elytfdlm ejaut fds eppoerelno, fo goocs setdsgdo` wdtf
wfa fo ds. Fo nalsd`ors tfet nahpeldos sfauc` lat esi gar sahoalo wdtf maa`
prosolno joneuso tfds heios poapco gooc je`.
]fol fo coevos snfaac fo welts ta stu`y honfeldns el` hedltolelno et tfo ^OLEPD
dlstdtuto dl Nusna. Fo tfdlis tfet fo wdcc jo ejco ta gdl` maa` ohpcayholt joneuso
nahpeldos ero ecweys caaidlm gar maa` pragossdalecs. Dg fo woro ta stu`y dl Nusna fo
wauc` fevo tfo suppart ag fds jratfors. Fo tfdlis tfet Nusquoas fevo el e`veltemo
avor tfaso grah Cdhe dl tfoso typos ag neroors joneuso tfoy fevo haro prentdnec
ilawco`mo wfdco tfo Cdhoas ilaw tfoary jottor. Al tfo atfor fel`, Cdhoas fevo
tfo e`veltemo ag fevdlm haro ha`orl tonflacamy.
]o welt ta fdmfcdmft tfet tfds stu`olt rodlgarnos twa d`oes tfet wo fevo jool
`osnrdjdlm; geno` wdtf el emmrossdvo olvdralholt dt ds nalvoldolt ta odtfor jonaho
dlvdsdjco (jo cdio ovoryalo ocso) ar ta trelsgarh (jonaho hostdza) ar `ogol` tfohsocvos
(troet atfors es nfacas).
^tu`olt F
Heco grah Nfdnl, eppraxdhetocy > idcahotors grah snfaac. Fo focps fds perolts jy
waridlm `edcy et tfo gerh. Fo mdvos fdhsocg tdho ta focp eraul` el` `a fds
fahowari, ectfaumf fo enilawco`mos jodlm tdro` egtor waridlm dl tfo gdoc`, sunf es
wfol fo poocs narl.
Fo tfdlis tfet tforo ero hely id`s tfet `a lat spoei Uuonfue el` tfet tfds ds e rosuct
ag e moloretdal tfet wolt ta Nusna el` tfet wfol tfoy neho jeni tfoy `d` lat spoei
dt praporcy. Fo spoeis Uuonfue jut lat es gcuoltcy.
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Pfds stu`olt jocdovos tfet tforo ds stralm `dsnrdhdletdal dl Cdhe ectfaumf fo `aos
lat holtdal el oxpordolno wforo fo wes e vdntdh grah Cdhoas el` nalsd`ors tfet
onalahdn gentars ero tfo raat ta `dsnrdhdletdal es wocc es tfo `osdro ta dhpasotfohsocvos avor fdmfcel`ors. ^tu`olt F dl`dneto` tfet ovoryalo sfauc` jo troeto`
oqueccy.
@ospdto jodlm nalsndaus tfet dg fo spoeis Uuonfue fo hdmft jo caaio` `awl upal,
fo seys tfet odtfor wey fo wauc` toenf fds nfdc`rol tfo celmuemo dl ar`or ta prosorvo
tfo nucturo ag fds elnostars; tfo Dlnes.
Fo nalsd`ors tfet tforo ds la `dggorolno jotwool Dl`del el` Dlne. Dldtdeccy, fo socg-
d`oltdgdos es dl`dmolaus joneuso fo gaccaws hdccolldec tre`dtdals, sunf es tfo peyholt
ta tfo Renfehehe, jut tfol nfelmos fds hdl` el` olsuros tfet fo ds lat el Dl`del.
Fo seys tfet ta fdh dt wes e hdsteio tfet tfo ^pelder`s necco` tfo Dlnes tfet wey mdvol
tfet tfoy jocdovo` tfoy fe` errdvo` sahowforo ocso. Fo ecsa `aos lat cdio tfo war`
Dl`del el` oxprossos tfet poapco sfauc` lat jo leho` dl rogorolno ta `dggorolnos dl
reno.
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:.: Dltorvdows wdtf toenfors
Gaur fdmf snfaac toenfors woro dltorvdowo` dl eroes roceto` ta Ndvdns, Ndtdzolsfdp,
Fdstary el` Moamrepfy. Pfo snfaac psynfacamdst wes ecsa dltorvdowo`.
Poenfor E
Poenfor E `aos lat nalsd`or tfet tforo ds dsnrdhdletdal. ^fo oxprossos tfet tfoso
typos ag nesos ero lat latardaus, tfet stu`olts ldnileho oenf atfor jut latfdlm haro
sovoro tfel tfet. Dl for apdldal, toenfors rogredl tfohsocvos grah usdlm `orametary
torhs dl Uuonfue.
^fo tfdlis tfet stu`olts ero `andco joneuso tfoy naho grah tfo naultrysd`o. ^fo ecsa
dl`dnetos tfet dl nahperdsal ta atfor snfaacs, tfo olvdralholt ds nech; Id`s ero lat
rojocs. Foro D gooc cdio tfoy nel jo naltracco`, tfoy ero `andco9 yau yocc tfoh el` tfoy
rohedl sdcolt.
^fo `aos lat ronecc fevdlm foer` rendst dlsucts jut retfor dlsucts `dronto` tawer`s
eppoerelno sunf es getty el` tfet tfds feppols ovorywforo.
Pfds toenfor ilaws tfet tforo ds saho sandec socontdal ehalm tfo snfaac `uo ta sanda-
onalahdn nal`dtdals ag poapco. Es sunf, alcy tfo paarost errdvo et tfds snfaac. ^fo
holtdals tfet poapco try ta cawor tfo socg-ostooh ag id`s et tfds snfaac joneuso tfoy
ero grah tfo naultrysd`o. ^fo ecsa seys tfet tforo ds e vdsdal et snfaacs wforo tfaso
snfaacs `ooho` autstel`dlm ero gar tfaso poapco tfet ero jottor-agg. ^fo eggdrhs tfet
tforo ds e provdaus socontdal ag stu`olts el` wfets cogt errdvos foro. Pfds ds wfy
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wfol wo nahpcedl tfet tfoy nelt roe` ar e``, tfo _MOC toccs us tfet wo ecroe`y
ilow tfo typo ag stu`olts wo woro ronodvdlm (pranoo`dlm grah tfo naultrysd`o).
^fo dl`dnetos tfet romer`dlm tfo onalahdn, tforo ero stu`olts tfet nel ma juy tfdlms ettfo idasi wfdco atfors stey jofdl` dl tfodr ncessos joneuso tfoy nellat juy sahotfdlm
el` gooc esfeho` ag jrdlmdlm taest ar hato.
Zomer`dlm fymdolo, tfds toenfor ncedhs tfet porsalec ncoelcdloss sfauc` jo tfo gdrst
tapdn ag `dsnussdal. ^fo fdmfcdmfts tfet tforo ero toenfors dl nfermo ag nfonidlm sfdrts
josd`o tfo psynfacamdst el` essdstelt wfa mdvo fedrnuts ta stu`olts.
^fo tfdlis tfet pfysdnec puldsfholt wario` jogaro jy eppcydlm tfo ^el Hertdl (e
typo ag wfdp) el` tfet stu`olts woro haro rospontguc el` rospalsdjco. ^fo latos tfet
tforo woro tfroo nahpcedlts paso` jy stu`olts tfet fe` jool ejuso` jy toenfors jut
tfet tfo prdlndpec stappo` tfo sdtuetdal. Pfo hotfa`s fevo nfelmo` sdlno tfol dl
ar`or ta olsuro tfet la nahpcedlts errdvo et tfo _MOC.
^fo tfdlis tfet snfaacs toenf ta `dsnrdhdleto el` pornodvos tfet tfds sdtuetdal ds
stralmor dl tfaso snfaacs tfet fevo haro haloy.
^fo holtdals tfet yaulm mdrcs espdro ta herry wdtf e wfdto porsal ar e garodmlor, jut
tfet tfds tol`olny ds lat es provecolt et for snfaac.
Pfds toenfor eppoers warrdo` ejaut tfo cdvdlm sdtuetdal gar id`s grah ger ewey eroes
tfet cdvo tamotfor, ncaso ta tfo ndty jy tfohsocvos. Pfodr perolts cdvo ger ewey, dl
Henfu Rdnnfu gar oxehpco9 tfoy rolt raahs el` laja`y focps tfoh dl tfodr
fahowari, wfdnf ds wfy hely ag tfoh gedc.
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Dl tfo neso ag tfaso tfet ero grah Heres, tfoy spol` tfo wfaco `ey trevocdlm el`
`alt fevo tdho ta stu`y. ^tu`olts warry ejaut tfodr o`unetdal joneuso tfodr perolts
fevo haro nfdc`rol el` nel la calmor focp tfoh. Pforogaro, id`s wari ^etur`eys el`^ul`eys dl tfo idcls, emrdnucturo ar ero gerh cejaurors dl ar`or ta pey gar tfodr
raahs.
^fo ronahhol`s eppcydlm saho rdmar el` puldsfholt gar hedltedldlm ar`or.
Poenfor J
Cdio toenfor E, tfds toenfor `aos lat mdvo hunf dhpartelno ta `dsnrdhdletdal, gar fo
jocdovos tfet dt ds lat pra`uno` et snfaac. Fo ecsa `aos lat ajsorvo `dvdsdal ehalm
stu`olts es e rosuct, jut tfet tfoy typdneccy garh mraups jeso` al mol`or. Fo fes lat
pornodvo` el ejusdvo troetholt jut genotdaus dlstoe`. Fo ncedhs tfet fo nellat teci
ejaut wfet feppols autsd`o ag snfaac ar et tfo ol` ag tfo snfaac `ey joneuso fo cdvos
dl Nusna el` fes ta coevo dhho`detocy egtor fds ncess ds gdldsfo`.
Fo `aos lat emroo wdtf tfo rosucts grah tfo Jertacah `o ces Neses Noltro tfet tecis
ejaut tfo tol`olny ag snfaacs ta toenf faw ta `dsnrdhdleto. Fo tfdlis tfet heyjo tfds
feppols dl prdveto snfaacs, jut eggdrhs tfet et fds snfaac tforo ds lat ovol juccydlm.
Fo ronahhol`s waridlm al vecuos. Gar oxehpco, stu`olts tfet `a lat gdldsf tfodr
fahowari ecsa errdvo ceto. Cdiowdso, tfoy ero haro pralo ta `dsrospont oenf atfor
tfraumf emmrossdals ar jy nacaurdlm al atfor stu`olts latojaais, lat redsdlm tfodr
fel` ta spoei, sfuttdlm atfor stu`olts wfol tfoy spoei el` sahotdhos ovol
`dsrospontdlm toenfors.
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Poenfor J oxprossos e nahhal warry ehalm ecc toenfors. Mavorlholts ero ronoltcy
mdvdlm rdmfts ta nfdc`rol, gar oxehpco, tforo ero snfaac prasonutars el` @OH_LE7,
wfdnf fevo coe` ta tfo `onroeso` eutfardty ag toenfors sdlno haro ds sed` ejaut rdmftstfel `utdos. Dt ds gar tfoso roesals tfet toenfors nellat redso tfodr vadnos tawer`s
stu`olts gar goer tfet tfoy hey jo `olaulno`.
Pfds toenfor eggdrhs tfet ta `dsndpcdlo stu`olts, toenfors hust jecelno rdmar wdtf cavo.
Fo ronahhol`s jomdlldlm wdtf cavo el` dg tfo stu`olt `aos lat cdstol, tfol tfet ds
wfol yau redso yaur vadno. Haroavor, fo werls tfet dg tfo stu`olt porsdst tfodr
hdsnal`unt, tfol fo neccs tfoh gar e nfet el` rogcontdal dl ar`or gar tfoh ta nfelmo
tfodr jofevdaur.
Poenfor N
Dl naltrest ta for naccoemuos, sfo tfdlis tfet `dsnrdhdletdal `aos annur ehalm
stu`olts. ^dlno hast ag tfoh ero Uuonfue-spoeiors, toenfors sey tfdlms cdio; tfo
hast tfoy wdcc jo ds hatatexd `rdvors.
Dl for apdldal, `dsnrdhdletdal annurs ehalm stu`olts prdherdcy `uo ta spoonf. Pforo
ds stralm haniory dl tfds romer`. Roors `a lat vecuo tfo apdldals ag tfaso tfet `a lat
spoei ^peldsf wocc, el` Uuonfue-spoeidlm stu`olts `a lat pertdndpeto hunf dl ncess
joneuso tfoy ero dl goer ag jodlm hanio`. Pfds feppols wdtf haro groquolny dl tfo
ac`or mre`os, sdlno dl for apdldal tfds ds lat sahotfdlm tfet nalnorls tfo yaulmor id`s
joneuso tfoy ero haro dllanolt.
0@OH_LE Huldndpec Ahju`shel gar Nfdc`rol el` E`acosnolts. Dt ds e sorvdno ag tfo Letdalec ^ystoh ag Dltomrec
Ettoltdal ta tfo Nfdc` el` E`acosnolt tfet jrdlms groo nero tfraumf nalndcdetdal ag; vdsdts, toluro el` gaa` naltrdjutdals.
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^fo tfdlis tfet e `dggdnuct tapdn gar stu`olts ds fevdlm ar lat fevdlm haloy. Pforo ero
`edcy opdsa`os wforo tfoy gooc je` sunf es wfol; juydlm ncatfos, fevdlm haloy gar
prosoltetdals, wfdnf sahotdhos hoel juydlm ar roltdlm nastuhos el` ecc tfet ejaut
protol`dlm ta wocc-agg.^fo fdmfcdmfts tfet wfol stu`olts nellat protol` tfol goocohjerresso`.
Pfo toenfor holtdals tfet `ospdto tfo gent tfet tfoy ecc naho grah tfo seho
jenimraul` (naultrysd`o) `dggorolnos ero stdcc prosolt. Onalahdneccy, dl tfo tfdlms tfet
saho nel juy wfdco atfors nellat. ^fo olsuros tfet tforo ds ecsa rendsh joneuso tfoy
ero grah tfo naultrysd`o jut hdmft jo wfdtor, `erior, ar nfespe uyes(herio` genos).
^fo stetos tfet eccawelno ds elatfor espont ag `dsnrdhdletdal. Pforo ero saho id`s tfet
jrdlm gdvo sacos el` atfors alcy 2.?2 nolts, wfdco atfors stey dl tfo ncessraah joneuso
tfoy `a lat fevo ely spol`dlm haloy.
Odtfor wey, sfo holtdals tfet ectfaumf tforo ds `dsnrdhdletdal, dt ds hunf haro sujtco
tfel et atfor snfaacs. Gar oxehpco, dl V snfaac `dsnrdhdletdal ds `oopor joneuso ag
gdlelndec `dggorolnos.
^fo ecsa werls ejaut tfo mrevdty ag yautf cdvdlm al tfodr awl el` roltdlm raahs. ^fo
fdmfcdmfts tfet gar oxehpco, tforo ero stu`olts grah Accelteytehja el` ehalm
sdjcdlms- rolt e raah el` heio tfodr hoecs joneuso tfodr perolts ero lat tforo ta focp
tfoh. Rerolts `a lat ettol` hootdlms. ^fo tfdlis tfet tfoso stu`olts hdmft fevo
hekar prajcohs sunf es ecnafac, melms, el` tool promlelny. ^fo nahholts tfet tforo
wes e neso ag e mdrc dl mre`o 7 tfet mat promlelt.
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Pfds toenfor ronahhol`s tfet toenfors hust jo haro tacorelt tawer` tfo sdtuetdal
stu`olts ero cdvdlm dl. ^fo rogconts seydlm; wo sfauc` ilaw dg tfoy fevo fe` jroeigest
joneuso tfaso tfet fevo alcy fe` toe wdcc lat `a es wocc. ]o sfauc` put aursocvos dl
tfodr sdtuetdal el` esi aursocvos wfotfor tfoy wdcc fevo pucpo` ar feuco` wetor.Poenfors sfauc` ilaw tfodr surraul`dlms, jut ta`ey la alo ds warrdo` ejaut tfet.
^fo latos tfet stu`olts gooc socg-nalsndaus ag spoeidlm Uuonfue el` alcy `a dt dg tfoy
ero dl shecc mraups jut lat dl gralt ag ovoryalo. ^fo tfdlis tfet tfds ds e cass ag
nucturec d`oltdty, tfet tfoy ilaw faw ta spoei dt gcuoltcy jut tfet poor prossuro
dlfdjdts tfoh.
Poenfor @
Pfds toenfor jocdovos tfet tforo ds `dsnrdhdletdal ehalm stu`olts jut alcy e cdttco. Fo
heldgost tfet tforo ero saho toenfors tfet ejuso tfodr stu`olts el` tfet tforo ovol
wes e nahpcedlt jut tfet 44 pornolt `a lat prentdno `dsnrdhdletdal. Pforo ds juccydlm
ehalm stu`olts, pertdnucercy ehalm tfaso tfet cdvo ecalo. Pfodr poors heio gul ag
tfoh padltdlm aut tfet tfoy `rdli ecnafac el` cdvo jy tfohsocvos.
Fo dl`dnetos tfet tforo ds lomcont ag stu`olts tfet cdvo dl ger ewey eroes. Pfodr perolts
cdvo dl Uudccejehje ar Henfu Rdnnfu el` id`s fevo ta rolt raahs, la alo puts ely
ar`or el` tfoy cdvo e groo cdgo. Pfo luhjor ag stu`olts tfet cdvo cdio tfds naltdluos ta
dlnroeso. Dl atfor nesos, tfodr perolts ero ecnafacdns el` lat hely ero `o`dneto` ta
tfodr nfdc`rols o`unetdal.
Fo `aos lat latdno ely `dggorolno jotwool tfaso tfet cdvo dl tfo naultrysd`o el`
tfaso tfet cdvo ncasor. Zomer`dlm tfo snfaac uldgarh, fo holtdals tfet hely perolts
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nellat juy tfoh el` id`s ero rocometo`, moloretdlm caw socg-ostooh el` ero esfeho`.
Fo dl`dnetos tfet tfds ds tfo snfaac tfet metfors stu`olts grah caw-dlnaho rurec eroes.
Pfoy ero mdvol el oxtolsdal ta juy tfodr uldgarh jut dg tfoy nellat juy dt tfoy gooc
je` odtfor wey.
Rsynfacamdst
Pfds psynfacamdst fes jool fdro` wdtf snfaac rosaurnos. Fo tfdlis tfet tforo ds
`dsnrdhdletdal, prdherdcy ul`orfel`o`, jut tfet dt ds lat es hunf es dl atfor snfaacs.
Fo dl`dnetos tfet `dsnrdhdletdal et tfds snfaac ds `dggdnuct joneuso =2 pornolt ero grah
tfo naultrysd`o el` spoei Uuonfue.
Fo jocdovos dl `dsnrdhdletdal prdherdcy gar onalahdn roesals. Pfaso tfet nel juy
tfdlms cdio; nocc pfalos, suppcdos, ncatfos, otn. Elatfor espont tfet dltorosts fdh ds
fymdolo. Fo holtdals tfet fo kust coerlo` ejaut tfo neso ag e mdrc dl gdrst mre`o tfet
nahos grah tfo naultrysd`o el` shoccs je`, es e nalsoquolno la alo welts ta sdt
josd`o for. Pfds surprdsos fdh joneuso ta fdh tfoy ecc shocc je`. Pfoso dlsucts
rateto.
Fo ecsa toccs us ag elatfor neso dl mre`o 7, dl wfdnf e id` wes nalsteltcy he`o gul ag
gar lat spoeidlm ^peldsf wocc.
Fo eggdrhs tfet stu`olts fevo ta protol` ta jo sahotfdlm tfoy ero lat. Gar oxehpco,
tfaso tfet fevo jool teumft wocc et faho ovol dg tfoy naho grah tfo naultrysd`o-,
ero lat esfeho` ag faw tfoy ero `rosso` ar faw tfoy spoei. Nalvorsocy, tfaso tfet
naho grah `ysgulntdalec fahos ar tfaso tfet cdvo ecalo wdtf vory cdttco haloy, sooi
ta protol` el` jo cdio tfo atfor stu`olts, coe`dlm tfoh ta stoec nocc pfalos el` atfor
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ajkonts. ^dhdcercy, tfoy teio al ettdtu`os ag tfo mraups tfoy welt ta rosohjco, el` dg
tfaso mraups `dsnrdhdleto emedlst atfors tfol tfoy wdcc ecsa `a dt ta gdt dl. Fo holtdals
tfet tfds ds ettrdjuto` ta tfo gent tfet tforo ds e mraup ag stu`olts et tfo snfaac tfet
nahos grah tfo ndty, fevo jool idnio` aut ag atfor snfaacs el` fevo law gaul` tfdssnfaac es cest rosart.
Alo espont fo jocdovos nalvoldolt ta stross ds tfo `dvdsdal jotwool snfaacs. ^aho
pujcdn snfaacs ero ecroe`y ilawl es snfaac gar tfaso wdtf haro haloy, urjel ar
pragossdalec perolts. Pfds ds wfy dg tfoso typos ag snfaacs eccaw e poeselts nfdc` ta
oltor dt wdcc jo ul`or foevy toesdlm.
Fo ronamldzos tfet ovol dl tfds paar snfaac, tforo ds ecsa `dsnrdhdletdal el` tfet ovol
e toenfor oxpordolno` `dsnrdhdletdal. ^fo wes tac`; tfds toenfor `aoslt ilaw faw ta
toenf joneuso sfo nahos grah tfo hato. Dl atfor war`s, ovol stu`olts fevo
dltorlecdzo` tfds `dsperemoholt tawer`s elyalo tfet spoeis wdtf e Uuonfue ennolt.
Gdleccy, fo stetos tfet alo ag fds maecs ds ta pusf tawer`s ncoelcdloss el` `dsndpcdlo et
tfds snfaac, sa tfet ecjodt ha`ost hdmft jo ol per wdtf atfor snfaacs ag tfo eroe. Pfds
ds wfy fo d`oltdgdos el` roprdhel`s tfaso tfet naho paarcy `rosso` ar paarcy
mraaho`. Fo ovol nuts tfo fedr ag tfaso wfa fevo dt taa calm ar lomconto`.
:.> ^aho gdl`dlms; `dsnrdhdletdal dl shecc tfdlms.
Gdrst ag ecc, tfo `dggorolno jotwool stu`olt el` toenfor pornoptdals ds mroetcy
`dstdlmudsfo`. Pfo cettor `aos lat ronamldzo `dsnrdhdletdal. Pfds hdmft jo dl rocetdal
ta tfo goocdlm tfet Roruvdel toenfors fevo ag ecweys jool wetnfo`, el` es rosuct, tol`
ta jo haro `ogolsdvo. Zonamldzdlm tfet tforo ero `dsnrdhdletary prentdnos et tfodr
snfaac dhpcdos e gedcuro dl tfodr raco. Al tfodr pert, stu`olts ero uleldhaus dl
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ronamldzdlm tfo oxdstolno ag `dsnrdhdletdal dl sandoty el` dl tfodr awl snfaac ovol
tfaumf tfoy hey lat ecweys emroo al dts raats.
Pfo dltorvdows wdtf toenfors sfaw tfet, dl molorec, tfoy jocdovo `dsnrdhdletdal dssahotfdlm hdlar ehalm tfodr stu`olts el` tfet dt ds ecsa passdjco jotwool stu`olts
el` toenfors. Dl molorec, tfoy jomdl jy `olydlm tfds el` atfor garhs ag vdacolno
pcedlcy, jut es tfo dltorvdow pranoo`s tfoy mdvo `otedcs tfet dl`dneto tfet tforo ds haro
tfel wfet tfoy ero dldtdeccy wdccdlm ta ennopt.
Pfoso nesos ero lat vdsdjco, tfoy `alt naho gartf. Pfoy hey ldnileho oenf
atfor jut atfor tfel tfet sahotfdlm cdio juccydlm ds stappo`. Ovol toenforsstap tfohsocvos grah usdlm `orametary torhs dl Uuonfue.
Pforo ds la `dsnrdhdletdal, tfet `aoslt feppol, D `alt soo dt. Lodtfor `a wosoo dt wfol tfoy `a mraup wari9 tfoy hastcy heio mraups jeso` al mol`or. Dfevolt pornodvo` hdstroetholt ar ejusdvo, dts hastcy kust kaidlm.
Poenfors eppoer dlnepejco ag ul`orstel`dlm tfo stu`olt es e sujkont wdtf gucc rdmfts.
^aho calm gar tfo tdho wfol tfoy nauc` ronur ta puldsfholts el` welt tfds ta jo
he`o passdjco emedl dg lat wfet sfauc` D `a1 Pfoy ecsa ronurroltcy nahpcedl ejaut
steto dldtdetdvos tfet ohpawor stu`olts wdtf rdmfts, sahotfdlm tfet toenfors nalsd`or e
tfroet ta tfodr eutfardty. Hely rdmfts ta tfoh ds sahotfdlm lometdvo sdlno dt nel ol`
up wdtf `olulndetdals `uo ta paar troetholt ar ejuso.
El elon`ato tac` jy e toenfor sfaws tfo snfaacs `dggdnucty dl oecdlm wdtf tfo
nfelmdlm roecdtdos. ^fo fdmfcdmfts tfet tforo wes e jay wfa wes vory nalsndaus tfet tfosnfaac eutfardtdos woro lat madlm ta cdstol ta fdh romer`dlm ejuso fo fe`
oxpordolno` el` sa fo wolt `drontcy ta tfo _MOC. Fawovor, fo wes stappo` jy
garno, wo dhemdlo jy tfo suj-`drontar wfa mevo fdh e sordaus roprdhel`. @oopcy,
tfo toenfor wes naltolt wdtf tfo suj-`drontars ettdtu`o.
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Faw ta naltrac tfoso low id`s wdtf rdmfts1 Poenfors fevo lat gaul` tfo hoels yot.
Alo ag tfoh mevo us fds dlsdmft ta tfds nfeccolmo. Gdrst wdtf cavo el` tfol wdtf rdmaur.
Cavo hoels tecidlm ta tfoh jogaro yoccdlm et tfoh, jut wfa ero tfo sujkonts tfetronodvo tfds hdxturo ag cavo el` rdmaur hast groquoltcy1
Dt ds tfo stu`olts tfet ero hast vuclorejco. Pfo paarost ar tfaso tfet fevo `dggdnuctdos
hootdlm toenfors oxpontetdals (errdvdlm al tdho, ncoel, wocc-`rosso`, fahowari
`alo). Poenfors `a lat ronamldzo tfet tforo nauc` jo e rocetdal jotwool tfds gedcuro ta
nahpcy el` tfo stu`olts `dse`veltemoaus nal`dtdals. Pfoy `a lat roecdzo tfet e mroet
hekardty ag tfoso stu`olts wari dl gerhs ero tdro` wfol tfoy gdldsf el` fevo prajcohs
hootdlm nfaros et faho. Poenfors tfohsocvos warry ejaut tfo ovor dlnroesdlm
prajcoh tfet es e rosuct ag cdvdlm ger ewey, hely rolt raahs loer tfo snfaac el` cdvo
jy tfohsocvos. Pfoso stu`olts `a lat fevo gehdcy suppart, wari ta focp pey tfodr rolt
el` `ovato hely faurs ta codsuro. Dt ds tfoso stu`olts tfet ronodvo tfo rondpo ag cavo
el` rdmaur hast groquoltcy.
Pfo toenfors wfah wo spaio wdtf eppoer ta jo pasdtdvocy hatdveto` jut fevo
prentdnos el` proku`dnos tfet rosuct dl naltre`dntary hossemos ta tfodr stu`olts. Gar
oxehpco, tfoy toenf tfoh `ohanretdn vecuos, teci ejaut oquecdty el` la
`dsnrdhdletdal. Fawovor, et tfo seho tdho heio `orametary nahholts tawer`s id`s
grah tfo naultrysd`o, tfoy heio tfodr fymdolo prajcohs haro ovd`olt, `a lat pratont
tfoh grah haniory joneuso ag tfodr paar uso ag ^peldsf, el` prossuro tfoh ta uso
tfodr snfaac uldgarh praporcy, otn.
Rrahatdlm porsalec fymdolo el` tfo neroguc uso ag ncatfdlm ds lat e prajcoh al dts
awl. Pfo prajcoh ds tfet tfo toenfor `aos lat pornodvo, ar dg tfoy `a tfol `a lat
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vecuo tfo dhpartelno, tfet tfaso wfa ero ajkonts ag tfodr nfestdsoholt ero echast
ecweys tfo paarost, hast poeselt stu`olts el` passdjcy tfaso tfet cdvo tfo gertfost.
Pfo snfaac psynfacamdst, sahoalo wdtf cats ag porsalec hatdvetdal ta suppart tfo`ovocapholt ag tfo o`unetdalec noltro, fdhsocg jodlm grah tfo eroe, `aos lat osnepo
tfds grehowari odtfor. Fo fes el d`oe ag wfet ds loo`o` ta jonaho e `onolt porsal
el` sunnoo` dl tfo guturo. Pfds ds wfy tfo psynfacamdst naltrdjutos ta tfo porsonutdal
dl torhs ag ncoelcdloss, naltraccdlm shoccs, ulwesfo` fedr, `drty ar warl ncatfdlm.
Rroku`dnos tawer`s tfo poeselt papucetdal ecsa ohormo ehalm tfo toenfors. Pfoy
ilaw tfet dt ds pacdtdneccy dlnarront ta jo apol ejaut dt jut oxpross tfodr proku`dnos dl
`dvorso garhs. Pfoy nalsd`or tfet id`s grah tfo naultrysd`o ero `andco, ulncoel, wdtf
paar sandec sidccs, el` fevo cdttco fapo tfet tfoy wdcc mot ta jonaho pragossdalecs. Dl
molorec, toenfors ero lat alcy ulerho` ta naultor low sandec sdtuetdals dl tfodr
surraul`dlms, wdtf nfdc`rol haro el` haro ohpaworo` el` cdvdlm ecalo, jut ecsa
hedltedl proku`dnos ejaut tfoh el` `a lat ol` up entdlm es werreltars ag tfodr rdmfts.
Al tfodr pert, stu`olts `a lat trust tfodr toenfors, wfdnf nauc` jo e rosuct ag tfo
dlnalsdstolndos tfet wo fevo holtdalo`. Pfoy ilaw `dsnrdhdletdal el` ecc dts `otedcs
jut hast ag ecc gooc tfo `dsessandetdal dl torhs ag onalahdn stetus ectfaumf saho
helemo ta ronamldzo tfo cdlis jotwool tfds, pceno ag ardmdl, el` nucturo.
@dsnrdhdletdal dl tfds snfaac, grah tfo stu`olts padlt ag vdow ds lat alo wdtf hekar
rendst dlnd`olts. Dt ds mdvol dl cdttco honfeldshs ag `dggoroltdetdal el` somrometdal.
Pfoy gooc tfo vecuo ag tfo cdttco tfdlms (tfaso tfet toenfors alcy soo es `dsndpcdlery)
sunf es tfo pawor ta juy ar lat juy tfodr snfaac uldgarhs, tfo typo ag snfaac suppcdos
tfoy uso, ac` sfaos, spol`dlm et tfo snfaac idasi, errdvdlm ncoel, usdlm `oa`arelt,
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gdldsfdlm tfodr fahowari. Pfoy ilaw tfo pawor ag haniory dl essdmldlm racos. Dl e
snfaac wforo ovoryalo spoeis Uuonfue, alo nauc` tfdli tfet celmuemo wauc` lat jo
el dssuo jut dt ds. Pfds ds joneuso tfo prajcoh ds lat tfo uso ag Uuonfue, wfdnf ecc
ilaw vory wocc9 tfo prajcoh ds `ohalstretdlm tfo prapor uso ag ^peldsf. Pfoy ilawtfet tfo celmuemo fes dts awl camdn el` tfet Uuonfue ds alcy usoguc dl tfo `ahostdn
spforo el` lat gar dhpartelt hettors. Pfds ds wfy, gar oxehpco, dt ds lat usoguc ta
sfaw agg dl ncess prosoltetdals sdlno tfoso ero dlstelnos ag leturec tolsdal. Pfo uso ag
celmuemo dl tfds neso ds ioy el` gedcuro ta uso dt praporcy jonahos e roesal ag goer.
Zd`dnucos ero he`o hastcy tawer`s stu`olts grah tfo fdmf El`oelnahhuldtdos, tfoy ceumf et tfodr akates. Pfoy latdno tfet tfo pcey sannor
`dggoroltcy, e jdt ncuhsy, scdppdlm wfol tfoy idni. Pfoy ecsa latdno tfet tfoy`alt sfawor. Pfds heios stu`olts gooc je`. ]fet `a D `a1 D ma ullatdno`.
Pfds ds faw haniory ds soohdlmcy elatfor ioy ocoholt dl tfo cdgo ag stu`olts. Ovol
tfaumf tfo snfaac hey jo fahamoloaus ta e mroet `omroo, `dggorolnos ero judct vory
sujtcy. ^tu`olts ilaw tfet tforo ero saho tfet fevo haro haloy, haro urjel
oxpordolno el` spoei jottor ^peldsf, tfaso tfet jrdlm `dggorolt ncatfos, ennossardos
el` tfet nel ecsa jo coss `eri el` e cdttco wfdtor. Zosohjcdlm tfoh, protol`dlm ta jo
cdio tfet ds sahotfdlm tfet pusfos stu`olts ta oltor dl ta cdttco jettcos tfet ectfaumf
hey jo wal haholterdcy, rosuct jur`olsaho joneuso tfoy dhpcy protol`dlm,
`aujtdlm alosocg, el` jodlm ohjerresso` ag wfa tfoy ero. Pfds ecsa `ohel`s tfet
tfoy wari ta jo ejco ta eggar` juydlm tfo tfdlms tfet atfors fevo ar ta stoec.
Dl e naltoxt cdio tfds, ag haniory el` sujtco `dggorolnos tfet hey furt, stu`olts gdl`
el osnepo grah jodlm termots jy sfo``dlm tfo cdmft alta sahoalo ocso. Pforo wdcc
ecweys jo e roesal el` sahoalo et fel`. Pfds ds wfol kaios, eppoerelnos el` mraups
jonaho usoguc. El` es e cest rosart; dl`dggorolno.
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^tu`olts ero ecsa ewero tfet `dsnrdhdletdal pceys e sdmldgdnelt raco autsd`o ag snfaac,
dl tfo roec war`. Pfoy fevo vory lometdvo dhemos ag eutfardtdos, ag Cdhe el`
Cdhoas, es rendsts el` nfeuvdldstdn. Pfoy ero nortedl tfet dg tfoy trevoc ta tfo ndty tfet
tfoy wdcc fevo e je` tdho. Pfoy ilaw tfet Uuonfue moloretos `ds`edl, tfet jodlm nfacasds wralm el` uso` es el dlsuct el` ilaw tfet dt wauc` jo oesdcy eppcdo` ta tfoh.
Lovortfocoss, dl tfo hd`st ag ecc tfds, stu`olts fevo vory dltorostdlm elswors. Pfoy ero
roe`y ta lat jo fuhdcdeto` sa oesdcy. Geno` wdtf tfoso nfeccolmos, tfodr woepal ds
dl`dggorolno.
Echast ecc ag tfoh dl`dneto tfet ectfaumf tfoy ilaw tfet tfo uso ag Uuonfue ds
`dse`veltemoaus, tfoy wdcc toenf tfodr id`s odtfor wey joneuso dt ds pert ag tfo nucturo.
Pfoy eppoer ta jo dl trelsdtdal grah e haro `ogolsdvo pasdtdal, wforo tfo stretomy ta
pratont tfohsocvos ds ta jonaho dlvdsdjco, rosohjcdlm tfo fomohaldn dhemo el`
trelsgorrdlm ulta elatfor wforo tfds nahjdlos dlta e stralmor `ohel` ag tfodr
d`oltdty, gehdcdos, el` nucturo. Fawovor, tfodr `dsnaurso dl tfds romer` ds stdcc
`ovocapdlm el` rohedls ulncoer. Pfoy enilawco`mo tfet tfoy ero nfacasjut `a lat cdio
tfo uso ag tfo war` joneuso tfoy ilaw dt ds uso` es el dlsuct. Pfoy nel ecsa d`oltdgy
tfohsocvos es Dl`dels ar dl`dmolaus joneuso tfoy ilaw tfet tforo ds el Dlnel fordtemo
ta falaur jut et tfo seho tdho, tfds saul`s ta tfoh es aggolsdvo, teio dt jeni el`
`aujt. Alo nahos up wdtf e haro garhec ncedh; lar Dl`del, lar nfacas, sdhpcy
poapco, wdtfaut `dggorolt renos, jut atfors ocejareto haro nahpcox tfoardos ejaut
faw ta dhpravo, wfdnf dl jrdog `ospdto tfo storoatypo` oxpceletdal sfaws tfo
jenimraul` d`oe; d`oltdtdos ero hajdco el` nalstrunto`.
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>. E GO] LAPO^ EJA_PD@OLDPT EL@ @D^NZDHDLEPDAL;
PFO U_O^PDALLEDZO^.
Josd`os dltorvdows, vory sdhpco quostdalledros woro mdvol ta ecc tfo stu`olts ag tfroo
sontdals ag mre`o 55 et tfo snfaac (rogor ta tfo ellox). Pfoso woro e`hdldstoro` wdtf
tfo naccejaretdal ag toenfors dl tfo sandec sndolnos, wfa eccawo` us ta uso :2 hdlutos
ag tfodr ncess tdho gar stu`olts ta elswor tfoh rdmft tfol. Pfoy woro esio` ta oxpross
tfodr apdldals groocy, strossdlm tfet tfds wes lat e ilawco`mo tost tfet wauc` joherio`, el` es sunf tfoy `d` lat loo` ta napy tfodr poors jut tfet dlstoe` dt wes
dl`dvd`uec wari. Ovorytfdlm nerrdo` al es pcello`9 stu`olts woro ganuso` el` ped`
ettoltdal, gdxdlm tfodr mezo al tfo dhemo prosolto` jogaro elswordlm tfo quostdals.
Pfo quostdalledro wes sdhpco. Dt fe` el dnaldn pdnturo ag el ovolt ag Roruvdel fdstary
- tfo tremdn `oetf ag tfo dl`dmolaus nendquo Ppen Eheru DD dl Nusna. Pfo purpaso
ag tfds dhemo wes ta gdrst ag ecc dlvostdmeto dg tfoy ronamldzo` tfo fdstardn haholt
sfawl, wfet vecuo tfoy mevo ta tfds ennault, el` dg tfoy goct e rocetdalsfdp jotwool
tfo dhemo, tfohsocvos, el` tfodr prosolt.
Pfo hatdvetdal jofdl` tfoso quostdals wes ta gdl` aut dg stu`olts fe` cast tfo uso ag
fdstary es e padlt ag rogorolno es ncedho` dl e ronolt stu`y (_nnoccd ot ec., :25>). Dt
ecsa dltrdmuo` us ta ilaw dg tfoy fe` garmattol ejaut tfo dhemo ag Ppen Eheru `uota avor oxpasuro `urdlm tfo Mrec. Wocesna Ecvere`a (5472-54=2) mavorlholt es
ncedho` dl nahholts jy Nondcde Hl`oz `urdlm e :25: naurso et tfo DOR. Ppen
Eheru ds e sdmldgdnelt nferentor joneuso fo wes e hostdza fora grah Nusna, heyjo
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ovol tfo alcy fora ag tfo pravdlno ronamldzo` et e letdalec covoc (ar wes). ]auc` fo
stdcc jo rohohjoro` et tfds poeselt Nusquoa snfaac1 ]auc` dt stdcc moloreto ohpetfy1
Dl gdrst pceno, ecc stu`olts ilow tfo dhemo el` fdstary ag Ppen Eheru9 el` ectfaumftfoy `d` lat rohohjor tfo oxent `eto, hely eppraxdheto` dl e relmo ag haro ar coss
52 yoers. Pfodr `osnrdptdal ag tfo ovolt ds - gar tfo hast pert loutrec et gdrst (tfoy
avorcaai tfo quostdal) el` `osnrdjo wfet tfoy soo; tfo ocoholts el` entdals tfet heio
up tfo dhemo. Hely vanecdzo tfodr vecuos romer`dlm tfo snolo tfraumf tfodr dldtdec
`osnrdptdal, rocetdlm dt ta kustdno (4) ar letdalecdsh (0). Ecc d`oltdgdo` tfo nendquo es tfo
hedl nferentor el` tfo ^pelder`s es sonal`ery nferentors. ]dtf tfo oxnoptdal ag alo
mdrc, tfoy ecc d`oltdgdo` wdtf fdh.
Pfo roesals gar tfodr d`oltdgdnetdal fe` ta `a wdtf tfo dhpartelno mdvol ta fds ent ag
rosdstelno. Pfoy olsuro tfet tfoy hastcy d`oltdgy wdtf fdh gar fds nauremo, gar gdmftdlm
el` rojoccdlm emedlst dlkustdno, gar `ogol`dlm tfo letdal el` senrdgdndlm fdhsocg. Alcy
alo ag tfo stu`olts lato` tfet fo d`oltdgdo` wdtf fdh joneuso fo wes Nusquoa, el`
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atfor twa gar soodlm fdh vuclorejco, wfdnf sfawo` sacd`erdty grah tfodr jofecg. Lalo
ag tfoh dl`dneto` otfldn ar nucturec roesals gar tfds d`oltdgdnetdal.
Dl suhhery, tforo ds e fdmf `omroo ag d`oltdgdnetdal wdtf Ppen Eheru, wfdnf pertsgrah ilawco`mo ag fds entdal, e naccontdvo hoeldlm, el` tfodr awl porsalec vecuos,
wfdnf coe` stu`olts ta gooc ohpetfy wdtf fdh el` ta oxpross goocdlms ag se`loss ar
elmor emedlst wfet tfo ^pelder`s `d` ta fdh.
Lovortfocoss, wfol tfoy woro esio` ejaut tfo neusos ag tfds ovolt el` tfdlms tfoy
sew es ronurrolt, tfoy holtdalo` tfohos sunf es `dsnrdhdletdal. Hely stu`olts
fdmfcdmfto` dloquecdty, rendsh, pavorty el` oxpcadtetdal es neusos ag tfds ovolt. E tfdr`
pert ag tfo stu`olts jocdovo` tfet sdhdcer neusos oxdst ta`ey jut tfo hekardty ag tfoh
padlto` ta `dsnrdhdletdal.
]fol esidlm dg tfdlms cdio tfo alos sfawl ta tfoh feppol ta`ey, tfoy eggdrho` tfet
tfoy `a. Ovol tfaumf tfo naltoxt `dggoro` (pujcdn tarturos, farsos, elenfraldsh),
tforo woro saho elecamaus sdtuetdals pertdnucercy ejuso ag eutfardty tawer`s letdvos,
El`oels, el` tfo paar.
Heyars jocdovo tfet tfoy nel `ahdleto ovoryalo, teio cel` ewey. Dt sfauc`ltjo tfet wey.
Tos, joneuso tfds `aoslt nfelmo; narruptdal, rendsh, `ocdlquolny, wers
Pfo neusos ag hdstroetholt ag hol jy hol ero lat maa`. El` dt naltdluosta`ey joneuso tforo ds la sandec oquecdty ar maa` mavorlars () Rraportroetholt ag tfo gow onalahdn rosaurnos `aos lat oxdst joneuso rdnf nahogdrst.
Tos, `dsnrdhdletdal ag otfldn mraups ar El`oels tfet nellat roe` ar wrdto el`cdvo dl pavorty.
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Nerrdo` gartf grah tfo dhemo ag tfo VDV noltury romer`coss ag tfodr prosolt el` ovol
wdtf tfodr nfdc`rol, stu`olts gaul` e naltdluetdal. Pfoy dl`dneto` tfet sdhdcer
sdtuetdals annurro` et tfo snfaac, sunf es pfysdnec emmrossdal ehalm nfdc`rol,
`dsnrdhdletdal jeso` al reno ar ncatfdlm. Pfo ol` ag Ppen Eheru heios tfoh tfdliejaut tfodr sdtuetdal ag `dsohpaworholt dl gralt ag ejuso.
yos, dt heios ho tfdli joneuso wo nelt rojoc emedlst aur toenfors el` wonel alcy kust ol`uro.
Latfdlm nel feppol sdhdcer ta tfet. Pforo wdcc sdhpcy jo `dsnrdhdletdal el`atfor tfdlms
Tos, tfds feppols et tfo snfaac joneuso tforo ero poors tfet `dsnrdhdletojoneuso tfoy fevo haro haloy ar atfors joneuso tfoy gooc supordar el``dsnrdhdleto, dl sunf e wey yau gooc wdtf caw socg-ostooh. Dts echast es dg eporsal tarturo` yau al tfo dlsd`o.
Tos, tfds feppols et snfaacs joneuso tforo ero nalgcdnts ehalm stu`olts.Pforo ds `dsnrdhdletdal jeso` al reno, rocdmdal, tre`dtdals el` ncatfdlm.
]o ronodvo` e mroet verdoty ag rospalsos grah tfo stu`olts, wfdnf woro dltorostdlm ta
us dl pravdlm tfet, et coest, dl tfo pravdlno ag Nusna dl e vory paar snfaac ag
poeselt ardmdls tfo gdmuro ag Ppen Eheru DD, tfo sdmldgdnelno ag fds ents el` tfo
naltoxt dl wfdnf tfoy woro mdvol ero stdcc prosolt. Pfds ds dhpartelt joneuso tfoy
sfaw us tfo mroet sandec `dvorsdty dl aur naultry. Dg dl Eyenunfa el` Cdhe wo ajsorvo
e fdstary ohptdo` ag porsalemos, ovolts el` padlts ag rogorolno, foro wo nel gdl`
tfoh, et coest gar tfds ovolt. Pfds ds faw, dg tfo dhemo ag tfo hessenro` cest Dlne fes
cast dts rocovelno dl tfo naultry, dl Nusna tfds ds ger grah tfo trutf, ovol gar
e`acosnolts grah e poeselt snfaac.
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Elatfor espont tfet wo rosnuo` ds tfet hatdveto` jy tfo dhemo stu`olts gaul`
naltdluetdals tfet focpo` tfoh ta nferentordzo tfodr awl roecdty, wforo tfoy padlt ta
`dsnrdhdletdal; dts rocetdal ta otfldndty, pavorty el` ejuso ag pawor es rocovelt
nahpalolts.
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0. AJ^OZWEPDAL^
Es e nahpcdholtery taac ta tfo dltorvdows el` tfo quostdalledro, wo roecdzo`
ajsorvetdals et tfo snfaac `urdlm tfroo woois wdtf tfo dltoltdal ag d`oltdgydlm
saho pettors dl tfo dltor-rocetdals ag stu`olts, es wocc es jotwool toenfors el`
stu`olts. Aur ajsorvetdal fe` cdhdtetdals tfet wo wdcc cetor dl`dneto dl tfo ellox ag
tfds ropart, jut wfdnf woro e usoguc ocoholt ta nahpcoholt tfo greho ag aur hdld
dlvostdmetdal.
0.5 Ncessraah Dltorentdals
]o woro ejco ta ajsorvo e `dvdsdal ehalm tfo stu`olts ennar`dlm ta tfo wey tfoy
`rosso`. ^tu`olts tfet `rosso` dl e sdhdcer gesfdal eppoer ta dltorent ehalmst oenf
atfor. Pfds wes ovd`olt jatf dl tfo stu`olts grah mre`o 7 ta 4. Gar oxehpco, dl mre`o
7 stu`olts wdtfaut uldgarh wauc` tol` ta sdt tamotfor.
Zomer`dlm tfds padlt, wo ajsorvo` el dltorostdlm dlnd`olt `urdlm emrdnucturo ncess;
alno tfo ncess sterto`, mdrcs wdtfaut e uldgarh jomel ta pucc aut mress el` woo`s ta
propero tfo oertf el` jomdl ta pcelt, wfdco tfaso wdtf uldgarh rohedlo` dlentdvo el`
eppoero` ta teci ejaut tfo mdrcs tfet woro waridlm.
Dt wes fer` ta `otorhdlo wfy tforo woro tfaso `dvdsdals ehalm stu`olts. E passdjco
elswor nauc` jo tfet mdrcs wdtf sdhdcer uldgarhs woro grdol`s joneuso tfoy fe` saho
eggdldty ehalm tfoh ar tfet stu`olts wdtf sdhdcer ncatfdlm fevo tfo seho onalahdn
el` otfldn covoc. Narrospal`dlmcy, dt nauc` jo passdjco tfet tforo nauc` jo e ceni ag
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wdccdlmloss al stu`olts pert ta dltorent wdtf atfors ag e cawor sanda-onalahdn covoc,
`uo ta tfodr pronalnodvo` d`oes ag `dsnrdhdletdal.
0.: Rceymraul` Dltorentdals
Ejaut tfds tapdn, wo nauc` lat gdl` e stralm rocetdalsfdp jotwool tfo mraups tfet
garho` ta pcey. Gar oxehpco, tforo wes e mraup ag id`s tfet groquoltcy prentdno`
sparts. Ecc tfo id`s dl tfo mraup fe` sdhdcer uldgarh el` maa` sfaos9 eppoero` ncoel9
el` waro moc dl tfodr fedr.
Pfo `dggorolno jotwool tfo dltorentdal ag stu`olts dl tfo ncessraah el` pceymraul`nauc` jo `uo ta tfo gcoxdjdcdty mdvol dl tfo dltorentdals autsd`o ag tfo ncess. Ectfaumf
haro dltorentdal ehalm `dstdlnt mraups ag stu`olts ds lato`, sujtco garhs ag
soperetdal nel jo gaul`. Es praag ag tfds, wo ajsorvo` tfet `urdlm e vaccoyjecc hetnf
el` e `elno prentdno, tfo mdrcs tfet pceyo` ar `elno` woro wocc `rosso` el` fe` cdmftor
sidl. Nalvorsocy, tfo mdrcs tfet caaio` et tfoh wdtfaut pertdndpetdlm woro ag `erior
sidl el` caai haro `dsfovoco`.
0.> Dltorentdals ehalm Poenfors el` ^tu`olts
Dl molorec, dt wes ajsorvo` tfet toenfors sooho` haro warrdo` ejaut stu`olts
eppoerelno. Dl luhoraus annesdals, toenfors ermuo` wdtf stu`olts ejaut tfodr
ncoelcdloss el` fymdolo. Pfds sustedls wfet tfo dltorvdows dl`dneto` ta us.
Gar oxehpco, el dlnd`olt wes fdmfcdmfto` wforo twa stu`olts errdvo` et tfo snfaacwdtf e `drty geno. ]fol e toenfor sew tfoh, fo esio` tfoh ta ma ta tfo jetfraah el`
ncoel tfodr geno. ]fol stu`olts neho jeni, tfo toenfor holtdalo` tfet hely perolts
`a lat ilaw faw ta caai egtor tfodr nfdc`rol el` sol` tfoh `drty ta snfaac. @ospdto
tfo gent tfet tfo toenfor hdmft fevo maa` roesals ta warry ejaut stu`olts fymdolo,
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wo nalsd`or tfet tfoso typos ag nahholts nauc` naltrdjuto ta tfo molorec pornoptdal
ag `dstrust tawer`s toenfors, es ovd`olno` dl tfo dltorvdows.
Ovol tfaumf tfoso ettdtu`os nauc` sooh es nahhal, tforo ero ndrnuhstelnos dl wfdnftoenfors heio oggarts ta olnauremo stu`olts ta dltorent ehalm tfoh dl ncess el` sfero
ncess hetordec, `ospdto tfodr `dggorolnos.
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?. ^AHO GDLEC ZOGCONPDAL^
Dl tfds cdttco neso stu`y, wo fevo jool ejco ta epprondeto tfo `dvorso el` sujtco garhs
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