the tudors 1485-1603

The Tudors1485-1603

The Tudor Dynasty

Henry VII (1485-1509)Henry VIII (1509-1547)Edward VI (1547-1553)

Lady Jane GreyMary I (1553-1558)

Elizabeth I (1558-1603)

Henry VII

Henry VII – won Battle at Bosworth Field to become king.

Married Elizabeth of York.Died in 1509 – preceded in death by eldest son Arthur in 1502.

Throne passes to second born son, Henry VIII.

Henry VIII

Henry VIII took the throne and married Catherine of Aragon in 1509.

Catherine m. Arthur in Nov. 1501 and he died of consumption in April 1502.

Good friends, long marriage, but only 1 surviving child – a girl – Mary, born in 1516.

Henry felt security of his dynasty depended on a male heir – wanted out of the marriage to pursue Anne Boleyn.

Biblical Debate

Leviticus 20:21 “If a man shall take his brother’s wife, it is an impurity; he hath uncovered his brother’s nakedness; they shall be childless”

Deuteronomy 25:5 “When brethren dwell together and one of them dieth without children, the wife of the deceased shall not marry to another; but his brother shall take her, and raise up seed for his brother.

The Church of England

1531 – Henry was named Supreme Head of the Church of England, but still considered himself Catholic.

May 23, 1533 – Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer declared Henry’s marriage to Catherine invalid.

June 1, 1533 – Anne Boleyn was declared Queen (at 6 months pregnant)

November 28, 1534 – Act of Supremacy passed by Parliament (Thomas More executed)

Anne Boleyn

1533- H8 marries Anne Boleyn and she gives birth to their childAnother girl: ElizabethAnne suffers 2 miscarriages

Anne Boleyn is accused of adultery; imprisoned and later beheaded by sword in 1536. The charges against her were false!

Jane Seymour

Henry married Jane Seymour 10 days after Anne’s execution.

She gave birth to his only son, Prince Edward in 1537, but died 12 days later.

Henry wanted more sons as insurance.

Anne of Cleves

Married Henry in 1540.

“Flanders mare”Brief marriage

was annulled.Why? No

chemistry.

Katherine Howard

Married Henry in 1540.

He was 49; she was 19.

She had affairs; was beheaded in 1542.

Katherine Parr

Married Henry in 1543.

She was a widow; she outlived Henry and remarried after his death.

Kind stepmother. Compared to his 1st wife.

King Edward VI

When H8 died in 1547, his only son became king.

Edward was only 9.Govt. was run by Protestant

advisors (uncle Edward Seymour)

Died in 1553 at the age of 15. (TB)

Picked his cousin, Jane Grey to succeed him. The “9 days queen”

Queen Mary I

R. 1553-1558Known in history as

“Bloody Mary”Repealed everything

Protestant.Turned England back to

Catholicism.Passed Heresy Act-killed

300 Protestants during her reign.

Mary and Philip II

Married Philip in 1554. She was 38; he was 27One-sided love/attractionMarriage was protested by many in England who

didn’t want their country to simply become a satellite territory of Spain.

Suffered a “phantom pregnancy” in 1555.Imprisoned Elizabeth but would not sign her death

warrant.

Throne passes to Elizabeth in 1558.

Queen Elizabeth I

Elizabeth I (1558-1603)

Glorified as strongest female monarch in England’s history.

“Good Queen Bess”Known for being tolerant and moderate in religious

issues.Reestablished Protestantism, but not too strict.Her changes lasted-The Church of England (Anglican

Church) is still in place today with the same policies she established.

Elizabeth I

Elizabeth was 25 when crowned Queen.Immediately pressured by her Council to marry and

produce an heir.She never does…the Tudor dynasty ends and the

Stuart dynasty begins with her death in 1603. Why not?

The Virgin Queen?Greatest accomplishments: Defeat of the Spanish

Armada in 1588; England’s Golden Age