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The Roman Republic
Agenda
• Today: • Vocabulary of Ancient Rome • Seven characteristics of Roman society • Significance of Rome in W. Civ. • Government of the Roman Republic
Vocabulary of Ancient Rome
• Paterfamilias senate patricians • Plebians (plebs) patriarchy pietas • Consuls censors tribunes • Pontifex maximus legionnaire municipia • Punic latifundia hellenistic • Republic (res publica) plebiscite
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Chronology of Roman Republic
Archaic 753 Founding of Rome (Romulus/Remus)
E. Repub. 509 Overthrow Tarquinius (Lucretia) 450s Twelve Tables 367 Plebian consuls 338 Latin League dissolved
M. Repub. 287 Plebian laws binding to all 264 1st Punic War vs. Carthage 218 2nd Punic War
L. Repub. 133 Tiberius Gracchus assass. 107 Marius, Sulla 60 1st Triumvirate
44 J. Caesar assas. 27 Augustus is emperor
Founding Legends of Rome
• Romulus & Remus • Twin sons suckled by
she-wolf • Fratricide
• Rape of Sabine Women
• Lucretia • Honor, violence, fidelity
Rape of Sabine Women
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Lucretia & Tarquinius Superbus
Plutarch,
7 Themes of Republican Rome
• Property • Pater • Past • Pushing (outward) • Patronage • Practical • Public (life)
Significance of Ancient Rome
• In groups of 3-4, brainstorm 6+ reasons why Rome is significant in Western Civ. Remember P.E.R.S.I.A. + G.T.
• Do NOT use your textbook—discuss w/ your group.
• Use both broad themes and specific examples.
• Advanced topic: how do these reasons compare with our list for Ancient Greece?
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Some ideas on significance of Ancient Rome
• Concept of mass citizenship Christianity/Papacy Roads
• Social harmony b/w classes military develop’s (legion) polit. pluralism
• Latin, & subsequent languages • imperial unity decadence • Elections and indirect democracy Art/Lit/Drama/
Philos./History • Citizen-soldier pragmatic, adaptive • Roman numerals • Checks & balances in gov’t Architecture (arches,
acqu.) Census
Roman Government
• MonarchyRepublicMonarchy • Liberty, not equality • Polybius, “mixed constitution”
• Executive, deliberative, legislative (no judicial) • Magistrates, senate, assemblies • Royal, oligarchic, democratic
• Checks and balances
Roman Republic: political structure
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Roman Virtues
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