the renaissance ppt
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Copyright © Clara Kim 2007. All rights reserved.
Renaissance
• Means REBIRTH
• Rebirth of art and learning
• Began in northern Italy
Contrast to grimness of the Contrast to grimness of the Middle AgesMiddle Ages
Wars Plagues
Spend life preparing for the afterlife
Decreased power of the
church
A Visual Metaphor of the Renaissance
What was the Renaissance?
• Period following the middle ages
• “Rebirth” of classical Greece and Rome
• 1st period to name itself and say bad things about earlier times (Dark Ages)
• NAMES FOR ARTISITS • Began in Italy• Moved to northern
Europe
Economic Foundations• Increased demand for
Middle Eastern products
• Encouraged the use of credit and banking
• Letters of credit expanded supply of money and sped up trade.
• New accounting and bookkeeping practices used Arabic numerals
Objectives
• During the middle ages–Find God–Prove pre-conceived
ideas
• During the Renaissance–Find man–Promote learning –Man loves himself
again
Causes of the Italian Renaissance
• Crusades
• Control of Mediterranean Trade
Major Italian Cities.
Many independent city-states emerged in northern and central Italy that played an important role in Italian politics and art.
MilanMilan VeniceVenice
FlorenceFlorence
Milan
One of the richest cities, it controls trade through the Alps.
Venice
Sitting on the Adriatic, it attracts trade from all over the world.
Florence
Controlled by the De Medici Family, who became great patrons of the arts (AKA Bored
Rich people)
Genoa
Genoa
Had Access to Trade Routes
Had access to trade routes connecting Europe with Middle Eastern markets
Competition with each other
• Served as trading centers for the distribution of goods to northern Europe
• Were initially independent city-states governed as republics
Beginning of the Renaissance in Europe
Growth of the Trade and Commerce
Crusades connect with Muslims
Muslims introduce new ideas
Cities and Merchants grow
Influence of City States
Trade = Wealth
Rich Families Support Arts
The Growth of Humanism
Greece and Rome Change ideas about government, religion, social class
Tried to improve on old things
“Humanities” in Education
• Sophistication of Italian City-States
• Growth of Banking & Trade
• Crusades• Control of Mediterranean Trade
• Printing Press
• Crusades• Control of Mediterranean Trade• Sophistication of Italian City-States• Growth of Banking & Trade• Excess Wealth: de Medici family of Florence
Renaissance Art• perspective• light & motion• study of human form• emotion & drama• new subject matter>secularism• science & mathematics• composition & balance• changing perspective of man & his role in the
world• unique vision of each artist
Effects of the Renaissance
• Advances in Science & Technology led to the European Exploration of the World
• Secularism led to the Protestant Reformation• Humanism encouraged the growth of
Democracy & the Fight for Human Rights• Role of Women in Society Improved• Renaissance Art led to the Age of Classical
Music and Art in Europe
Italy• Italian city-states became
rich from trade: – Florence– Venice – Genoa
• They were trading centers for the distribution of goods to northern Europe.
• Independent city-states governed as republics by wealthy merchants.
Renaissance• With the rise of
trade, travel and literacy, the Italian Renaissance spread to northern Europe.
• The art and literature changed as people of different cultures adopted Renaissance ideas.
Machiavellian Intrigue
• Wrote The Prince• studied the politics of
Florence, Venice & Rome
• analyzed use of power, force, & Deception
• How to book for future leaders
• Including... Niccolo Machiavell i
De Medici Family of Florence
• Cosimo & Lorenzo• city improvements• patron of the arts• peace & prosperity
Savonarola
• Franciscan Friar• banned gambling, swearing, etc.• burned books & paintings
The Borgia: First Italian Crime Family
• Pope Alexander VI – bribery, extortion, nepotism,
torture
• Casare Borgia (son)
– multiple murders, mercenary
• Lucrezia Borgia (daughter)– What really happened to
her husbands?
Humanism• Celebrated the
individual• Stimulated the study
of Greek and Roman literature and culture
• Humanists were supported by PATRONS who were very wealthy
The Vitruvian Man
Art and Literature• Medieval art and
literature focused on the Church and salvation.
• Renaissance art and literature focused on individuals and worldly matters, along with Christianity.
Renaissance Artists embraced some of the ideals of Greece and Rome in their art
They wanted their subjects to be realistic and focused on humanity and emotion
New Techniques also emerged
Frescos: Painting done on wet plaster became popular because it gave depth to the paintings
Sculpture emphasized realism and the human form
Architecture reached new heights of design
Artists
• Artists Big 3 –Leonardo da
Vinci
–Michelangelo
–Raphael
–1500 Florence
Leonardo da Vinci• Painted the
Mona Lisa and The Last Supper
• Handsome, athletic, singer, artist, scientist, inventor
Mona Lisa
Notebooks
RaphaelPainter
1483-1520
The School of Athens
Pythagoras
Socrates
Plato and Aristotle
Euclid
Zoroaster & Ptolemy
Raphael (back)
Michelangelo• Painted the
ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and sculpted David
• Sculptor, painter, architect, poet
The Sistine Chapel Ceiling
Pieta
David
Michelangelo created his masterpiece
David in 1504.
Sistine ChapelAbout a year after creating
David, Pope Julius II summoned Michelangelo to Rome to work on his most famous project, the ceiling
of the Sistine Chapel.
La Pieta 1499Marble Sculpture
Moses
The Last
Judge-ment
Writers• Dante• Divine Comedy• Circles of Hell
Petrarch• Wrote Sonnets
• He wrote with a Humanistic approach
• Considered the “Father of Humanism”
Erasmus Dutch humanist
Desiderius Erasmus
Pushed for a Vernacular form of the Bible
“I disagree very much with those who are unwilling that Holy Scripture, translated into the vernacular, be read by the uneducated . . . As if the strength of the Christian religion consisted in the ignorance of it”
The Praise of Folly
Used humor to show the immoral and ignorant behavior of people, including the clergy. He felt people would be open minded and be kind to others.
• Sir Thomas More —Utopia (1516)
• Depicts world with perfect social, legal and political system
• Leading humanist scholar
Pictures Cited• Slide 1 – http://renaissance.duelingmodems.com/art/renaissance-head3.gif• Slide 2 – http://www.leftfield-online.co.uk/images/discography/scan/renaissance.jpg• Slide 3 – http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/thumb/a/ac/300px-Madonna_of_the_Harpies.jpg
• Slide 4 – http://www.alberta-canada.com/export/graphics/images/italy_map.jpg• Slide 5 – http://niccolomachiavelli.worldhistoryblogs.com/files/2007/10/machiavellis_portrait.jpg• Slide 6 – http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/img_200/madonna_rangershouse.jpg• Slide 7 – http://www.navigo.com/wm/paint/auth/michelangelo/michelangelo.tondo-doni.jpg• Slide 8 – http://z.about.com/d/atheism/1/0/N/e/LeonardoSelfPortrait.jpg• Slide 9 – http://www.latifm.com/artists/image/da-vinci-leonardo-mona-
lisa.jpg,http://www.penwith.co.uk/artofeurope/leonardo_da_vinci_last_supper.jpg
• Slide 10 – http://www.shoshone.k12.id.us/renaissance/images/michel.jpg• Slide 11 – http://studentorganizations.missouristate.edu/TAK/downloads/michelangelo1.jpg• Slide 12 –
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/cultureshock/flashpoints/visualarts/images/david_big.jpg,http://www.rome.info/pictures/art/michelangelo/michelangelo_pieta.jpg
• Slide 13 – http://www.gutenberg.org/files/17650/17650-h/images/01large.jpg• Slide 14 – http://www.artspecialist.co.uk/images/Vetruvian%20Man_Clare%20Vaux.JPG
• Slide 15 – http://www.sverigeturism.se/smorgasbord/smorgasbord/image/first/scandinavia.gif• Slide 16 – http://www.piney.com/Erasmus.gif• Slide 17 – http://www.wf-f.org/WFFResource/StThomasMore.jpg
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