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The Impact of China’s Rising LED Industry
on Global LED Manufacturing and SSL
Adoption
Decai Sun
2016 DOE R&D Workshop
Outline
• Overview of China LED industry
• Impact of China’s rising LED industry on global SSL industry
and LED adoption
• Sanan and its global reach strategy
2
Status of China LED Industry
• China LED industry is going through a technology upgrade
similar to other high tech industries
• The technology gap between Chinese LED companies and the
rest of world has shrunk dramatically
• Strong companies in SSL supply chain have emerged
• Adoption of SSL in China is faster than the rest of the world
• The rise of Chinese LED industry has impacted global SSL
industry in a profound way
– Supplying LEDs and driving volume growth for general lighting
– Driving cost down faster than experts have predicted
– Causing profit margin erosion in the industry
– Forcing some players to change business models or exit
– Benefiting end users
– Accelerating adoption of SSL
3
Advantages of Chinese LED Companies
• Innovation in scale (full vertical integration)
• Entire ecosystem for rapid and low cost prototyping
• Government Support (both central and local) even in
difficult times
• Scaling in manufacturing
• Creative in cost reduction
• Inflow of talents from outside
• Aggressive, pragmatic and risk taking
• Huge domestic market
4
Characteristics of China LED Industry
• More emphasis on lm/$ in consumer and retrofit market.
Willing to trade off with lifetime and quality of light
• Lm/W, quality of light and aesthetic design are becoming
more important in the commercial lighting marketing
• Brand name is very important in commercial and government
projects
5
6
1 2 3 4Total 13.552 18.559 23.957 29.908China 0.81 1.986 3.119 4.57
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Bil
lio
n U
SD
x 5.6
x 2.2
5.9%
10.7%
13%
15.3%
China vs. Global Market Size
China LED market is growing faster than the rest of world
2012 2013 2014 2015
GaN LED Chip Technology Overview
Chip Structure LED Package Application Cost
advantage
Technology
Leader
Lateral die - Mid Power
- COB
- Ceramic 3535
- Backlight
- Interior
- Outdoor
- Street light
Yes Asian
companies
VTF - High Power - Outdoor
- Specialty
No US/European
companies
Flip Chip - High Power
- CSP
- Outdoor
- Specialty
No US/Europe
companies
8
Application Lumen Density
Pla
tform
Lum
en D
ensi
ty
Midpower
Typical use
Diffuse/Linear Directional/Point
Panel T8 A19 Downlight MR/PAR
High
Low
Not typical use Depends on objectives
Illumination Market Today
Spot
COBs
Die on Ceramic
(now too expensive
for illumination)
Outdoor
&
Industrial
Is Haitz’s Law Still Relevant?
• Haitz’s law served as the roadmap to inspire the SSL revolution
• $/lumen (or lumens/$) has exceeded the prediction due to aggressive
cost down by Asian companies
• Lumens/package has also exceeded the prediction, but lost relevance
as big chips and big packages have only niche applications
9
Midpower LED Value and Performance
10
Lum
ens
per
Dollar
Lumens per Watt
MP-2016-1100
MP-2016-1200
MP-3014 MP-3020
MP-3030-2200
MP-3030-2100
MP-3030-1100
MP-5050
MP-1919
MP-1616
2500
2000
1500
115 120 125 135 130
(3000K, 80CRI)
D
rive a
t hig
her
curr
ent
for
more
lm
/$
Drive at lower current
for higher lm/W
Haitz law at work: mid power LED example
MP-3030 Delivers World Class Performance
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Flu
x (
Lum
ens)
Eff
icacy (
LPW
)
Current (mA)
Efficacy & Flux vs. Current 3000K, 80 CRI
Flux
Efficac
y
Flux
11
MP-3030 Delivers World Class Performance
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Flu
x (
Lum
ens)
Eff
icacy (
LPW
)
Current (mA)
Efficacy & Flux vs. Current 5700K, 70 CRI
Flux
Efficac
y
Flux
12
Established in Nov, 2000
IPO in July, 2008
6000+ employees worldwide
Acquired Luminus Devices in June 2013
Sanan Opto: Overview
20 39
50
142
169
269
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
kk p
cs/
M (e
q.
2")
MO
CV
D U
nit
s
Sanan Capacity Expansion
MOCVD Units Capa. kk pcs/M (Eq. 2")
Revenue
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
0.64 0.77 1.41
2.85
5.50 6.10
7.84 8.17
Revenue (
x100 U
S$M
)
Sanan Opto: Largest Chip Manufacturer
• Number one LED chip manufacturer in the world
• ODM/OEM with global customer base
• Strong R&D capability
14
Sanan 24%
Epistar 14% Rest
62%
2015 Global LED chip sales
(Data from LEDinside)
GaN Epitaxy
GaAs Epitaxy
Sapphire Substrate
8”Si Substrate
GaAs Substrate
Ge Substrate
LED Chip
Power Device
III-V Solar Cell
Microwave Chip
SiC Substrate
Sanan Opto: Core Technology
Sanan Opto: Full Spectrum LED Products
350 450 500 550 600 650 800 1000
AlGaInP AlInGaAs AlInGaN
Wd Wp Wp
564~580nm 580~597nm
595~618nm
610~650nm
640~660nm
840~870nm
~940nm
515~535nm
447~452nm
450~460nm
465~475nm
365~380nm
380~400nm
17
Sanan Opto: Lateral Chip Roadmap
SD Optimum (Profile)
R-Pad Optimize
DBR/PV Optimize
2016 Chip Process Technical Plan for Lateral GaN LED
+8% Chip +3%
Epitaxy +5% PSS Optimize • Higher reflectivity • Lower absorption • Higher transparency • Higher refraction index
Sanan Opto: Flip Chip Roadmap
* 3535 Ceramic @350mA, 4700~5300K, Ra=70
2013 2014 2015 2016
Lm/W
120
130
135
140
125
115
145
150
+5.3%
+5.6%
+6.5%
+7.5%
+5.1%
Gen-I
Gen-II
Gen-III
Sapphire sub.
GaN LED
PKG Sub-mount
45x45
Gen-IV (40x40)
2017
155
160
+8.5%
* K1 PKG @350mA, 5700k, Ra=70
2013 2014 2015 2016
Lm/W
120
140
150
160
130
110
170
180
+5%
+4.5%
+6.5%
+6.5%
+19%
Permanent
sub.
GaN LED
PKG Sub-mount
45x45
Pro-VTF
VTF
40x40
2017
+15%
Sanan Opto: VTF Chip Roadmap
Sanan Global Reach Strategy
Sanan has built a robust IP portfolio through • Internal technology investment and patent filing
• IP acquisition
Over 100 patents in high power chip and packaging
through acquisition of Luminus Devices in 2013
139 patents covering epitaxy and chip from a global
LED company in 2014
More acquisition in progress
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Pate
nt
No.
filed
granted
Strong IP Investment
Sanan Global Reach Strategy:
Epitaxy/Chip PKG Module/Light
Engine LED Fixture
System
Solution
ODE/OEM, Joint Venture and Direct Investment
Global Partners and Customers Sanan
Key Partners throughout the entire SSL supply chain
Sanan Global Reach Strategy
Luminus
founded to
commercialize
MIT technology
2002
2008
Revolutionized
front projector
market by
powering the first
high brightness
LED projectors
2009
Specialty Lighting Business Unit
Fiber Coupled
and 3D Printing
Tactical and
Transportation
Create first “high
power” >10W, white
products. operation.
2012
Introduced UV, RGBW and
first “round” die for spot
light and entertainment
Entertainment
and Stage
Lighting
2014
Lightera design
Industry leading
COB Portfolio
2015
Introduced Xnova
Cube Innovation
and Midpower
Illumination
Business Unit
Luminus: pioneer of Photonic Lattice and HB LED technologies and innovator in
specialty and general lighting
Luminus Devices Acquisition in 2013
Luminus LED Core Markets
Display
Entertainment
Medical
UV Curing
Retrofit
Hospitality
Retail
Commercial
Area Lighting
Portable
Specialty Lighting Markets
Illumination Lighting Markets
Light for Working High Lumens/mm2
Light for Living Quality of light, color consistency, efficacy
Horticulture
Industrial
Infra-Red
Automotive
Luminus COB Performance Leadership
• Generation 1 (2014)
– Wide product selection, leading performance
– >115/130 LPW typical (3000/5000K, 80/70 CRI, 85°C)
• Generation 2 (2015)
– Targeted to shop, industrial, residential, outdoor, hospitality markets – ceramic
metal halide replacement
• >130/150 LPW typical (3000/5000K, 80/70 CRI, 85°C)
• Generation 3 (2016)
– Available Q1 2016, Industry leading performance
• >150/170 LPW typical (3000/5000K, 80/70 CRI, 85°C)
24
Lumens / Watt
3000K 80CRI @ 85C
2014 Q2 2015 Q1 2016
115
150
130
lumens/package
$/lumen
lumens/W
Luminus COBs are
aligned with Haitz’s
law and DOE roadmap
Luminus Specialized COB Products
• AccuWhite™ High CRI
– 98 CRI 2700K, 3000K, and 3500K
– GAI > 105 typical
• Sensus™ Below the Blackbody Locus “Pure White” LEDs
– 80 and 90 CRI, 3000K and 3500K
– GAI ~20% better than on the BBL
• High Lumen Density (XH00)
– CDM “killers”
– >40,000 cd in a narrow, 10°beam
– Replace ceramic metal halide spots
25
Building on High Power and Specialty Heritage
Accu White
Luminus Specialty Products Examples
Entertainment
Spotlight
Fiber-Coupled
Illumination & Endoscopy
Tactical
Flashlights Obstruction
& Beacons
Industrial and UV
applications
Projection
Displays & HUDs
Transportation
& Long-throw
Stage
Washlight
Luminus Specialty LEDs can operate at powers up to 100W and are typically used in applications requiring high optical output
High lm/mm2, Performance-oriented Solutions
26 © 2015 LUMINUS DEVICES, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
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