the eschatology of java
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The Eschatology of Java
Abdelmonaim Remani@PolymathicCoder
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
LicenseCreative Commons Attribution Non-
Commercial License 3.0 Unported
The graphics and logos in this presentation belong to their rightful owners
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
About MePlatform Architect @ just.me Inc.
JavaOne RockStar and frequent speaker at many developer conferences and events including JavaOne, JAX, OSCON, OREDEV, 33rd Degree, etc...
Open-source advocate and contributor
Active community member
The NorCal Java User Group
The Silicon Valley Dart Meetup
Etc...
Bio: http://about.me/PolymathicCoder
Twitter: @PolymathicCoder
Blog: http://blog.polymathiccoder.com
Email: abdelmonaim.remani@gmail.com
SlideShare: http://www.slideshare.net/PolymathicCoder
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
This TalkBased on an Article I published on:
JAX MagazineAugust 2013 issue
http://jaxenter.com/jax-magazine/
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
This TalkStructured in such a way that
Will simply walk you through my thought process as I try to achieve some clarity and find answers
Will hopefully not bore you to death
No predictive models, no numbers, no charts, no figures, etc... (Totally overrated!)
Will attempt to keep you entertained throughout
Fun facts and a lot of cheesy humor
WYSIWYG
It’s all on the slides
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Pinky PromisesI am NOT promising
Any definitive answers
Any hard empirical evidence
All I am promising
My biased opinion mostly
More importantly the answer to the question:
Why do Java programmers wear glasses?
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
You Be the Judge
@PolymathicCoder
http://speakerscore.com/sfjug-futureofjava
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
In the words of Duke...
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Title?es•cha•tol•o•gy
The “[...] part of theology, philosophy, and futurology concerned with what is believed to be the final events of history, the ultimate destiny of humanity - commonly referred to as the “end of the world” or “end of time” -Wikipedia
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
What is the Future of
Java?
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Java Late-Night Talk Show
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Java Late-Night Talk Show
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
What is the Future of Java?
What/Who decides the fate of
Java?@PolymathicCoder
Thursday, August 15, 13
The Pundits of the Blogosphere
The Eggheads & the Romantics
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Eggheads
The supported features will decide the future of Java
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Egghead BashArgue over
Wether the most recent feature is good or bad
What should the next feature to be added
They never agree on anything
The egghead bias
The current hype
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The song has the asymptotic complexity of O(log n)
“The Complexity of Songs” -Donald E. Knuth (1977)
http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/arvindn/misc/knuth_song_complexity.pdf
http://99-bottles-of-beer.net/
99 Bottles of Beer
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The song has the asymptotic complexity of O(log n)
“The Complexity of Songs” -Donald E. Knuth (1977)
http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/arvindn/misc/knuth_song_complexity.pdf
http://99-bottles-of-beer.net/
99 Bottles of Beer
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
99 Bottles of Beer written in Piet, an esoteric programming language
http://www.dangermouse.net/esoteric/piet.html
99 Bottles of Beer
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Egghead BashMore features is not always good idea
Features that are impossible to implement
Features that are not consistent with the philosophy that drove the initial design of the language
Is the change genuinely needed?
Is the change arguably in the right direction?
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Egghead BashThe hype around a competing technology
The new kid on the block
The “hottest” Programming Language
The latest and greatest set of features at some point in time
The old dog
The “hot-enough” Programming Language
The set of features that fulfill the needs of the general use-case at some point in time
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Egghead BashFad or no-fad?
Will people abandon the old dog for the new kid on the block?
Programming Language Inertia
“Hot-enough” tends to stay relevant
Hotness
A tipping point or critical “Hotness Differential” where the new “hot” is so “hot” it renders the old “hot-enough” “unhot”
What’s up with Java?
Certainly not the “hottest”, but “hot-enough”
There isn’t anything out there approaching the tipping point in a serious way
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Romantics
The community will decide the future of Java
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Community
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
TIOBE Index
http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/index.html
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Romantic Bash
The chicken-or-egg causality dilemma
The relationship between viability of a programming language and the health of its community is a correlation at best not causality
A healthy community only indicates current success, but doesn’t say much about the future success
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
“The Grey Area” Argument
The features & community will decide the future of Java
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Maybe Neither of Them Decide...
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Programming Language Darwinism
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Biological Darwinism
Develop a logical argument from the analogy drawn between the Darwinian theory of evolution of species and the evolution of programming languages
The concepts from evolutionary biology that are relevant to our analogical inference include: Survival of the fittest, and the existence of the common ancestor
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Voyage of the Beagle
“On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in
the Struggle for Life” -Charles Darwin (1859)@PolymathicCoder
Thursday, August 15, 13
Darwin’s Finches
What causes the finches living the individual islands of the Galapagos Archipelago to be different from one
another? @PolymathicCoder
Thursday, August 15, 13
Evolution by Natural Selection
Species are not immutable
The environment establishes a bias towards certain traits and against other ones
The fortunate organisms that possess the favored traits thrive, whereas the unfortunate ones that possess the unfavored traits die off
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Further Reading
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Programming Languages Darwinism
What would the theory of “The Evolution of Programming Languages by Means of Natural Selection” be?
If programming languages were to be finch species
The beak forms of the individual finch species would be the feature sets supported by the individual programming languages
The population of the individual finch species would be the community around the the individual programming languages
But, what would the environment of the individual finch species be analogous to?
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Programming Languages Darwinism
Defining the environment to the individual finch species as
The specific island of the Galapagos Archipelago it lives on
The kind of available food on its specific island
We draw the following analogy about the environment within the context of the individual programming language as follows
The specific island of the Galapagos Archipelago would be the specific hardware architecture on top of which the binaries of the compiled individual programming language artifacts are executed
The kind available food to the finch species would be the problem space of the individual programming language (the kind of software to be written using the individual programming language)
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Programming Languages Darwinism
Biological Evolution Programming-Language Evolution
The Finch Species The Programming Language
The Finch Population The community
The Beak Form The Supported Feature Set
The Kind of Available Food The Problem Space
The Island The Underlying Hardware
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The environmentdecides the fate
of programming languages
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Java FinchJava has been successful because it is well-fitted to write currently needed software on currently
available hardware
It is reasonable to assume that it will continue to be successful as long as the environment
stays unchanged@PolymathicCoder
Thursday, August 15, 13
Programming Languages Darwinism
http://oreilly.com/news/graphics/prog_lang_poster.pdf
The Common Ancestor Question?
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
To answer the question:
What is the future of Java?
we should answer questions:
Are there any significant environmental changes?
How do these changes, if any, affect Java?Are they gonna make Java less fitted or more fitted?
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Real Java Finch
Juggy, The Java Finch
A Java User Group mascot
Created by Bruno Souza, Founder of SouJava (Java User Society)
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Environmental Change?
The Hardware We Depend On
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Moore’s LawThe number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately
every two years
“Cramming More Components onto Integrated Circuits” -Moore (1965)http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~fussell/courses/cs352h/papers/moore.pdf
The performance gain is automatically realized by the software
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Gordon E. Moore, Co-Founder of Intel
The Legendary Mr. Moore
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Legendary Mr. Moore
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Moore’s Law
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The End of Moore’s Law
“Reality hits you hard bro!” -George Lindell
The Laws of Thermodynamics and Quantum Mechanics limit the computing power of the one silicon-chip (Heat & Leakage constraints)
The era of the multi-core chip
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Imperative Programming Paradigm
Dominant and intuitive
Java is an imperative programming language
Computational instructions are expressed as sequences of statements with the side-effect of mutating state
Managing state is the responsibility of developers
Parallelism
One single-core chip
State mutation and access needs be synchronized among concurrently executing threads. Not as simple as it sounds!
One multi-core chip
State mutation and access needs be synchronized among concurrently executing threads across multiple cores
Good luck! Most end up writing software that does not take advantage of all core
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Ada is the world’s first computer programmer
Known for her work on the Analytical Engine, the first programmable general-purpose computer
invented Charles Babbage, the father of the computer
The Analytical Engine
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Analytical Engine“It must be evident how multifarious and how mutually complicated are the considerations which the working of such an engine involve. There are frequently several distinct sets of effects going on simultaneously; all in a manner independent of each other, and yet to a greater or less degree exercising a mutual influence. To adjust each to every other, and indeed even to perceive and trace them out with perfect correctness and success, entails difficulties whose nature partakes to a certain extent of those involved in every question where conditions are very numerous and inter-complicated” - Note D
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Further Reading
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Paradigm is ShiftingAll imperative programming languages are
doomed to extinction
Java is no exception!@PolymathicCoder
Thursday, August 15, 13
The New Sheriff in TownThe Functional Programming Paradigm
Oh yeah... Lisp is back!with a posse: Scala, Clojure, etc...
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
When Pigs FlyJava, the language
Functional Java?
It’s only a matter of time before it becomes COBOL
Java, the platform (The JVM)
Functional Programming Languages on the JVM
The Da Vinci Project (JSR 292)
“The legacy of Java will be the platform, not the language” -Martin Fowler
I recommend reading Neal Ford’s “Java.next” series on developerWorks
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/views/java/libraryview.jsp?search_by=java+next:
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Not so bad...At least the JVM is gonna make it
Turned out to be a lot more than“Write once, run anywhere”
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Environmental Change?
The Software We Write
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Omnivorous FinchAs a generic
programming language, Java has proven itself suited
for almost every use case
WTF!!!There are no Omnivorous
finches!
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
NephologiaJEE, the de facto standard of the enterprise applications
Addresses the needs of the most complex requirements
Matured an impressive technology stack and a number well-defined and standardized APIs
The impact of “Social”
The line between enterprise applications and consumer applications is blurred
While other platforms continue to struggle, Java continues to thrives
Lightweight JEE 5 with a focus on developer productivity
Cloud computing and the emergence of PAAS
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
It’s all good news... Server-side Java is up on cloud
number 9
Sounds like Java ain’t going nowhere!@PolymathicCoder
Thursday, August 15, 13
The Mobile SpacePlagued by fragmentation, constrained hardware, and scarce data connectivity only JME could provide a programming model that unites all
An explosion of smarter and innovative devices
No Java phone
Spread so thin, JME failed to fulfill the promise of “Write once, run anywhere”
Early JavaFX failed as much (Today’s JavaFX is significantly different)
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Android on a White HorseThe best thing that happened to Java?
Filled the void left by deficient JME and JavaFX
Gave Java a much needed rejuvenating jolt
Introduced it to a wider audience
Made it cool again
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Android
Only if you happen to believe that Android is Java
Java classes are compiled into a binary that is nothing like the Java byte code
Executed on Dalvik, a VM that is nothing like the standard JVM
Java standard class library is not fully supported or implemented in a way that is counter-intuitive to the Java SE developer
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Wolf in Sheep Clothing
Android is NOT good for Java in the long term
Considering the paradigm shift, nothing is endangering the future of Java as a platform more than Android
It gutted the soul of Java by opting for Dalvik instead of the JVM, and reduced it down to the syntax language
Java is good for Android
Google free loaded on the goodwill of most popular programming language Java
How much success would Android have Google pushed for Go or Dart instead?
How much choice did Google actually have?
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
iOSHow many love Objective-C?
Java on iOS?
No JVM on iOS
Apple keep a tight lid on it
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Workaround
Ship the JVM with the app
Gosling suggested that the new JEP 178 (JDK Enhancement Proposal) will allow shipping the runtime, native app code, and Java code in single binary without the need of shared libraries
http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9239658/Computer_scientists_oppose_Oracle_39_s_bid_to_copyright_Java_APIs
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Not So Fast!
There are some concerns
The size of the final shippable app
Project Jigsaw (JSR 337) is still dragging
Apple’s App Store terms and conditions are subject to change at anytime
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The Real ChallengeWriting apps of comparable quality to native iOS apps
JavaFX Will need support for
iOS controls and look and feel consistent with Apple’s guidelines
Apple’s hardware
JavaFX brings in outstanding performance in handling audio, video, graphics, and animation
According to Gosling “The JIT code generator has to be turned off”
Better off using PhoneGap-like technologies
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
The state of mobile Java is very concerning
The biggest fear is the day where“Write once, run nowhere”
becomes reality@PolymathicCoder
Thursday, August 15, 13
The Elephants in the Room
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Vulnerabilities It is the end of the world... Disable insecure Java!
S#!t happens!
Show me a technology that has no security issues
It mostly affected the Java browser plugin
Only 5.5% of browsers were running the patched version as of March 25th, 2013
Drawing the line of responsibility
Developers’ vs. Oracle’s
If you are still writing Java Applets in 2013, the chicken have come home to roost
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
TitanomachyOracle America, Inc. vs. Google Inc.
The Java APIs are non-copyrightable because they are functional in nature and are required by others to use
the Java languagehttps://www.docketalarm.com/cases/California_Northern_District_Court/3--10-cv-03561/Oracle_America_Inc._v._Google_Inc./1190/
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
An Extract from the Article
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
“This is one of those questions better asked to a palm reader in the old souks of Marrakech, or a gypsy fortune-
teller in the streets of Stolipinovo.
Now, you can spend your time reading into the visible exhalation of vapor rising from that steamy cup of Java, asking yourself "Is it really as hot as it seems to be? Or is
the temperature of the room just too low?"
I say... take a sip before it gets too cold to drink when all the vapor there is to be is diffused through the air. We all know
it's been there long enough not to burn your tongue.”- The Eschatology of Java by Abdelmonaim Remani
Thursday, August 15, 13
JAX MagazineAugust 2013 issue
http://jaxenter.com/jax-magazine/
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Questions/Comments
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Why do Java Programmers wear glasses?
Because they don’t C#!-Courtesy of @ProgrammingCom
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
Thank You@PolymathicCoder
http://speakerscore.com/sfjug-futureofjava
http://blog.polymathiccoder.com
@PolymathicCoderThursday, August 15, 13
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