teresa krenning, p.e. st. louis district. national rank wwd fatal crashes stateaverage...
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Teresa Krenning, P.E.
St. Louis District
National RankWWD Fatal Crashes
State Average Frequency Percent of U.S. Total
Texas 38 14%
California 26 10%
Florida 21 8%
Pennsylvania 11 4%
Missouri 10 4%
Mississippi 9 3%
WWD National Findings
• Obviously a more severe crash type• 57% Urban• Over 2/3 occur at night• 58% Impaired Driver• Younger drivers (<65) more likely impaired
• Male drivers twice as likely as a female driver• Older drivers are overrepresented• Interchange Types (exit ramps)• Partial Clover• Diamond (esp. when closely spaced outer roads are present)
WWD Crashes on Missouri Interstates 2009-2013
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total
Alcohol and/or Drugs
Involved
Fatal 3 6 5 10 6 30 18Disabling Injury 7 5 6 6 4 28 16Minor Injury 7 7 9 11 5 39 22PDO 18 17 16 7 9 67 24Total 35 35 36 34 24 164 8038 of the crashes were during daylight, 85 were at dark, and 1 was indeterminate
WWD Crashes on Missouri Interstates2009-2013
Age Unknown# Wrong
Way Drivers # Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers#
Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers # Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers#
Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers#
Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers#
Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers#
Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers#
Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers#
Impaired
# Wrong Way
Drivers
Fatal 4 3 5 3 3 1 5 5 0 0 1 1 4 2 1 0 7 1 0Disabling Injury 2 1 4 2 4 4 4 3 2 2 0 0 3 1 0 0 10 4 0Minor Injury 3 3 7 5 2 1 4 2 2 0 2 1 3 2 2 1 8 2 6PDO 5 1 9 8 5 3 6 5 1 0 5 1 5 2 4 2 20 1 7Total 14 8 25 18 14 9 19 15 5 2 8 3 15 7 7 3 45 8 13
Total Wrong Way Drivers 165Total Impaired 73
51-55 >=56Wrong Way Drivers Involved by Age
16-20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50
Challenges
• Where are the High Risk Locations
• How Do You Get Attention of Drivers
• Staying MUTCD Compliant
Spike Strips – Not MUTCD Compliant
• Determining Points of Entry
• Lots and Lots of Ramps
High Risk Locations - Partial Clover
High Risk Locations - Diamond
Getting Drivers Attention
MUTCD Compliance
STRATEGIESExisting Standards
Geometric Improvements
• Separate Entrance & Exit Ramps• Install Raised Curb Median• Install Longitudinal Channelizers• Change Ramp Geometrics (Less Inviting):
Obtuse Angle Sharp Corner Radii
Signing
• Implement Standard Sign Package• Signs are in Place and Visible• Double Up of “WRONG WAY” and “DO NOT
ENTER” Signs
• Additional Measures (Supplemental): Reflective Tape on Sign Posts Increase Size of Signs (Oversize) Lower Sign Heights Add Freeway Entrance Sign (D13-3a)
Pavement Marking
• STOP Lines• Paint Arrows on Ramps• Turn/Through-Lane-Only Arrow• Red Raised Pavement Markers• Paint Short Dashed Lane Delineation Through
Turns
Combo Strategies
Combo Strategies
Emerging Strategies
Lower Warning Signs
Picture from TxDOT
Dynamic Warning Systems - ITS Technologies
PILOT WWD PROJECTSt. Louis
Pilot Project – data analysis
• Wrong Way Crash data reviewed for 2009-2013
• Crash locations plotted• Law Enforcement
counseled on where drivers were entering the freeway
• I-44 Corridor selected
• 2007-2013 crashes reviewed
• 5 fatal• 4 disabling injury• 7 minor injury• 9 property damage only• 22 crashes at night• Possibly 3 out of the 25
involved drug and alcohol
Pilot Project – Site Conditions
Pilot Project – Site Conditions
Pilot Project – Scoping & Site Designs
• Specific field conditions reviewed:• Limited sight distance• Utility issues• Existing signing• Retaining walls
• Project funding availability• Sequential ramps or close proximity desired
Pilot Project – Final Ramp Selections
• Eastbound:• Off Ramp to Hampton Ave, Exit 286• Off Ramp to Lafayette Ave, Exit 290B• Off Ramp to S. Jefferson Ave, Exit 289
• Westbound:• Off Ramp to Arsenal St., Exit 284B• Off Ramp to Grand/Louisiana, Exit 288• Off Ramp to Hampton Ave, Exit 286• Off Ramp to S. Jefferson Ave, Exit 289• Off Ramp to Vandeventer Ave, Exit 287B
Pilot Project – Dynamic Warning System
• Flashing LED signs• solar-powered• radar activated• 2 yr BlinkLink™
webbased traffic device monitor and control through TAPCO
Pilot Project – Installation Testing
jefferson_EB.MTS
Pilot Project – Early Results
• System activated November 2014• 3 Wrong Way Drivers confirmed• No documented crashes linked to these 3
confirmed Wrong Way drivers• Too early to tell if it works
SAN ANTONIO PILOT PROJECT
San Antonio Pilot ProjectITS Technologies
• LED Illuminated Signs• Use Dynamic Signs to Warn Other Drivers• Use Existing GPS Navigation Technologies to
Provide Alerts to Driver• Provide Alerts to Law Enforcement• Use Consistent and Intuitive Messages
Picture from TxDOT
Does It Work?Freeway Wrong-Way Detection in San Antonio• Combine with Ramp Systems (Flashing Signs)• Utilize ITS Efforts to Provide Driver Alerts on
DMS• Alerts Law Enforcement• TxDOT is Seeing a 29% Reduction from San
Antonio Pilot Project Since July 2012
QUESTIONS ?
www.tapconet.com
When all else fails…
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