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Unit of Competency: Construct Auxiliary Views and Develop
Surface Patterns
Module No.: 1 Module Title: Construct Auxiliary Views and
Developing Surface Patterns
Republic of the Philippines
Department of the Education PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Copyright Department of Education 2008
First Published JUNE 2008
This draft was prepared during the Competency-Based Learning Materials Development Workshop conducted at the Marikina Hotel, Marikina City on February 18-22, 2008 and at the Development
Academy of the Philippines (DAP) on May 5-10, 2008.
This learning instrument was developed by the following personnel:
Technology Teachers:
Mario S. Gregorio, Ed.D. Tagum National Trade School Tagum City, Davao del Norte, Region XI
Roy S. Luneta Bauan Technical High School
Bauan, Batangas
Ariel F. Maglalang Assemblywoman Felicita G. Bernardino
Memorial Trade School, Lias, Marilao, Bulacan, Region III Juanito Bugaoisan
Don Alejandro Roces, Sr. Science and Technology San Fernando, La Union
Arlene V. Tobias Mabalacat Technical High School
Mabalacat, Pampanga
Facilitator: Aida T. Galura
Angeles City National Trade School Sunset Valley, Angeles City
Encoders:
Mel Contapay Office of Legal Affairs
Department of Education Meralco Ave., Pasig City
Maria Riza Zamora DepED Budget Division Meralco Ave., Pasig City
The Refinement And Enrichment Of The Competency-Based Curriculum and Competency-Based Learning Materials was done in Marikina Hotel, Marikina City on April 13-18, 2009 through the
concerted effort of the following writers:
Technology Teachers:
Mario S. Gregorio Ed. D. Tagum National Trade School Tagum City, Davao del Norte, Region 11
Condrado C. Casulla
Pangasinan School of Arts and Trades Lingayen, Pangasinan, Region 01
Nelson M. Arisga Malvar National High School Malvar, Batangas, Region 4A
Alexander M. Latoga
Manuel S. Enverga Memorial College of Arts and Trades Mauban, Quezon, Region 4A
Mirasol F. Dasig San Pedro Relocation Center National High School
San Pedro, Laguna Region 4A
Contextual Writer: Marvin R. Viernes
Muntinlupa Business High School Muntinlupa City, NCR
Encoder:
Lawrence D. Cruz
DepEd EID-TS DepEd Complex Meralco Ave. Quezon City
Jeffree O. Ponce DepEd EID-TS
DepEd Complex Meralco Ave. Quezon City
Facilitator:
Orlando E. Manuel PhD Principal
Cabarroguis National School of Arts and Trades Cabarroguis, Quirino Region 02
This work was funded by the Department of Education.
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
Giesecke, Mitchell, and Spencer. Technical Drawing; The Macmillan
Company: 1949.
French and Vierck. Engineering Drawing; MacGraw, Hill Book Company,10th
editon: 1960
German M. Manaois. Drafting 1 and 2; Phoenix Publishing:1983
Norman Stirling. Introduction to Technical Drawing; Delmar Publishing:
1977
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
How to Use this Module ……………………………………………….. I Introduction ……………………………………………….. ii Technical Terms …………………………………………………………. iii Learning Outcome 1 Construct Primary Auxiliary Views………………… 1
Learning Experiences/Activities …………………………………. 2
Information Sheet 1.1 …………………………………………… 3
Self – Check 1.1 …………………………………………………….. 8
Operation Sheet 1.1 …………………………………………………….. 11
Self – Check 1.2 …………………………………………………….. 13
Learning Outcome 2 – Developing Patterns for Product Packages……… 14
Learning Experiences/Activities ………………………………….. 15
Information Sheet 2.1 ……………………………………………… 16
Operation Sheet 2.1 …………………………………………………….. 20
Self Check 2.1 ………………………………………………………… 25
Self Check 2.2 ………………………………………………………… 27
Assessment Resources ………………………………………………….. 28
Answer Key …………………………………………………………………. 30-33
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Activities are properly arranged in this module to help you work in
your own pace. This module also covers the knowledge, skills, and attitude
desirable attitude you need in technical drawing.
A Pre-assessment precedes the learning activities in each module to
determine you learning level and needs.
The Learning Activity Page gives the sequence of the learning task.
This page serves as the road map in achieving the desired objectives.
When you are able to accomplish all the tasks required, a post-
assessment is given to check if the learner is already competent with the
specified learning outcome/s and ready for the next task.
Definitions of terms are provided in this module for upon easier understanding.
Program/ Course : TECHNICAL DRAWING 1
Unit of Competency : CONSTRUCT AUXILIARY VIEWS AND
DEVELOP PATTERNS
Module Title : Developing Auxiliary Views and
Developing Patterns
INTRODUCTION This module is designed for you to familiarize you with auxiliary
drawings and to be able to draw mechanically using compass, triangle,
dividers, pencils and erasers. It is important to have a basic knowledge of
orthographic construction because this can be integrated or applied in any
area of specialization that you wish to have.
This is also designed to teach students with skills in developing
product packages.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES
Upon the completion of this module, you will be able to:
LO1 Construct primary auxiliary views
LO2 Develop patterns for product packages
TECHNICAL TERMS
Miter line- is a 45 degree line which is used in projection. It serves as guide
in keeping up drawing lines straight.
Parallel- is a line that does not intersect in the plane, but goes to the limit
of infinity.
Inclined- makes an angle with another line or plane.
Project- means to extend from.
Cylinder- is a geometric figure with a uniform circular cross section
through its entire length.
Pattern or stretch out- is produced by utilizing a form of drafting called
pattern development.
Hem- is used to strengthen the lips of sheet metal objects. It is made in
standard sizes, 4.0mm, 6.0mm, 10.0mm, etc.
Wired Edge- gives extra strength and rigidity to sheet metal edges.
Seam- is used to strengthen sheet metal sections. It is usually joined by
soldering and / or riveting process.
Program/ Course : TECHNICAL DRAWING 1
Unit of Competency : CONSTRUCT AUXILIARY VIEWS AND
DEVELOP PATTERNS
Module Title : Developing Auxiliary Views and
Developing Patterns
Learning Outcomes 1. Construct primary auxiliary views
Assessment Criteria
1. The principles of auxiliary drawing are discussed.
2. Two types of auxiliary drawings are identified.
3. Procedures in constructing the auxiliary drawing are correctly
discussed.
4. Auxiliary drawings are demonstrated according to specifications.
References:
Giesecke, Mitchell, and Spencer. Technical Drawing; The Macmillan
Company: 1949.
French and Vierck. Engineering Drawing; MacGraw, Hill Book Company,10th
editon: 1960
German M. Manaois. Drafting 1 and 2; Phoenix Publishing:1983
Norman Stirling. Introduction to Technical Drawing; Delmar Publishing:
1977
2
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome # 1: Construct Primary Auxiliary Views
Learning Activities Special Instruction
1. Read information sheet no. 1
on Constructing Auxiliary
Views.
2. Answer self check no. 1.1.
3. Compare your answers to the
answer key.
4. If you were not able to get
some of the items, review and
read again information sheet
no. 1.
5. Read operation sheet no. 1.1
carefully, then perform the
activity on self check no. 1.2.
6. Review the steps in the same
activity sheet, if the steps were
not properly taken.
Try to answer self check no. 1.1
as best as you can.
Try to perform the said
activity
3
INFORMATION SHEET # 1.1
LO1. Construct auxiliary views
Auxiliary views
Some objects have inclined or oblique surfaces which cannot be
represented in their true or exact shapes in any of the three regular
orthographic views. In such case, it is necessary to make an extra or
“helping” view which will be perpendicularly projected from the inclined
surface. This extra view is called an Auxiliary view and can be classified as
an orthographic view.
In drawing auxiliary view, drawing is always projected from the
regular view on which the inclined surface appears as a line. Also the
construction lines projecting from the inclined surface are always on the
right angles to the cut.
In figure 1, the same objects are similarly drawn, the only difference
that in both figures, there are extra views perpendicularly projected from the
front view where the inclined edges appear.
Fig. 1
Orthographic views
4
An auxiliary view added to the orthographic drawing
Types of auxiliary views
There are six recognized types of auxiliary view: right auxiliary view,
left auxiliary view, front auxiliary view, rear auxiliary view, right auxiliary
elevation, and left auxiliary elevation.
Fig. 2
Left and right auxiliary views are projected perpendicularly from the
front view.
Fig. 3
5
The front and rear auxiliary views are projected from the side view.
Left and right auxiliary elevations are projected from the top
view.
6
When drawing auxiliaries, the usual practice is to show only
the inclined portion of the view. It is seldom necessary to draw a full
projection of an object.
Fig. 4
7
SELF CHECK # 1.1
LO1. Construct auxiliary views
I. DIRECTION: Read each item carefully. then write the letter of the correct
answer on the space provided.
-------------1. A type of drawing used to represent the exact size and shape of
an object having inclined surfaces.
a. auxiliary drawing c. sectional drawing
b. orthographic drawing d. perspective drawing
-------------2. It is a part of a drawing that needs extra view.
a. Inclined surface
b. Horizontal face
c. Vertical surface
d. Circular features
-------------3-5. From the given set of orthographic drawings on the
succeeding pages, what type of auxiliary drawing is produced
based on the position of the inclined surface?
8
a. left auxiliary elevation c. right auxiliary elevation
b. front auxiliary view d. Right auxiliary view
_____ 4.
a. front auxiliary view c. left auxiliary view
b. right auxiliary view d. left auxiliary elevation
9
_____ 5.
a. left auxiliary elevation c. right auxiliary view
b. left auxiliary view d. front auxiliary view
II Enumeration:
Give the six types of auxiliary views
1.
2
3
4.
5.
6
10
OPERATION SHEET # 1.1
LO1. Construct auxiliary views
Procedure:
1. Study the given orthographic problems then identify the type of
auxiliary drawing used for the given problem.
2. Project the inclined surface and corners with 90 degree line. Be
sure to use your instruments properly.
900
11
3. Transfer all dimensions of the object aligned with the projected
line.
3. Darken construction lines to show the auxiliary view.
12
SELF CHECK 1.2
LO1. Construct auxiliary views
28
52
25
28
PARTIAL VIEW
FRONT VIEW FRONT VIEW
28
45 deg.
20
10
30
10
14
Direction: Given the orthographic views, construct the auxiliary
drawing.
13
Program/ Course : TECHNICAL DRAWING II
Unit of Competency : DEVELOP PATTERNS FOR PRODUCT
PACKAGES
Module Title : Developing Patterns for Product
Packages
Learning Outcome 2. Develop patterns for product packages.
Assessment Criteria
1. The principles of pattern development are correctly explained.
2. The three methods in making patterns are identified and discussed.
3. Procedure in developing patterns are demonstrated according to
standard specifications.
References:
Giesecke, Mitchell, and Spencer. Technical Drawing; The Macmillan
Company: 1949.
French and Vierck. Engineering Drawing; MacGraw, Hill Book Company,10th
editon: 1960
German M. Manaois. Drafting 1 and 2; Phoenix Publishing:1983
Norman Stirling. Introduction to Technical Drawing; Delmar Publishing:
1977
14
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome # 2: Develop Patterns for Product Packages
Learning Activities Special Instruction
1. Read information sheet no. 2
on Developing Patterns for
Product Packages.
2. Answer self check no. 2.1.
3. Compare your answers with
the answer key.
4. If you were not able to get some
of the items, review and read
again information sheet no. 2.
5. Proceed to activity sheet no.
2.1.
6. Review the steps from the given
activity sheet.
Try to answer self check no.
2.1 the best you can.
Try to perform the said
activity.
15
INFORMATION SHEET # 2.1
LO2. Develop patterns for product packages
Pattern is a full size drawing of the various surfaces of an
object stretched out on a flat surface.
Pattern development is important to many occupations and
hobbies that require folding or rolling of sheet materials. It plays an
important part in the fabrication of sheet metal ducts and pipes
needed in the installation and heating of air conditioning units. Stoves
and refrigerators are fabricated from many sheet metal parts.
Sample developed objects
Cube
Prism
16
Pyramid Cylinders Cones
Sample Developed Patterns
17
Hems, Edges, Seams
Hem-is used to strengthen the lips of sheet metal objects. It is made in
standard sizes, 4.0mm, 6.0mm, 10.0mm, etc.
18
Wired Edge- gives extra strength and rigidity to sheet metal edges.
Seams-are used to strengthen sheet metal sections. They are usually joined
by soldering and / or riveting process.
19
OPERATION SHEET # 2.1
LO2. Develop patterns for product packages
Procedure:
1. Draw the front and top views of required cylinder. Divide top view
into twelve (12) equal parts and number each division.
STEP 1 STEP 2
STEP 3 STEP 4
20
TOP VIEW
FRONT VIEW
2. The height of the pattern or stretchout is the same as the height of
the front view. Project construction lines from the top to bottom of
the front view.
21
3. Allow sufficient space (25 mm is adequate) between the front view
and the pattern, then draw a vertical line. This will locate line 1 of
the pattern.
4. Set your compass or divider from 1 to 2 (the points where the
division lines intersect the circle) on the top view. Transfer this
distance to the extended lines of the pattern to locate reference lines
1,2,3,-12,1.
22
5. Draw the top and bottom tangent to the extended stretch-out pattern.
.
6. Allow 6.0 m for seams and go over all outlines with visible object
lines. The lines that represent the curve or circular lines are drawn in
color or they are left as construction lines.
23
7. Output
3 4 5 1 2 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 13
24
SELF CHECK # 2.1
LO2. Develop patterns for product packages
I. DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct
answer on the space provided.
-------------1.It is a full-sized drawing of the various surfaces of an object
stretched out on a flat surface.
a. hem b. pattern c. cylinder d. fabrication
-------------2. It is used to strengthen the lips of sheet metal objects. It is
made in standard sizes, 4.0mm, 6.0mm, 10.0mm, etc.
a. hem b. wedge c. seam d. edge
-------------3. Which appliance below is not a sample of developed products?
a. washing machine b. stoves c. refrigerators d. flat iron
-------------4-5 Give the correct pattern development for figure A and figure
B.
A
25
II. Enumeration:
A. Give the three kinds of seam.
1.
2
3
B. Name the two kinds of hem.
1.
2.
D C
B A
26
SELF CHECK # 2.2
LO2. Develop Patterns for Product Packages
DIRECTION: Given a model, develop a pattern.
16 cm. dia.
8 cm dia.
20 cm
27
ASSESSMENT RESOURCES
Performance Assessment
Scoring Rubrics
Criteria Score (Tick the corresponding pts.)
Accuracy
50
45
40
Speed
10
6
8
Neatness
25
20
15
Lettering/Labeling
15
12
10
8
Total
Performance Criteria: Accuracy
50 pts - The output is accurately done.
45 pts - Two to five errors are observed on the output.
40 pts. - Six to ten errors are observed on the output.
Speed
10 pts - The output is done 5 minutes before the time.
8 pts - The output is done on time.
6 pts. - The output is done after the allotted time.
28
Neatness
25 pts. - has no error
20 pts - has two to three erasures
15 pts - has four or more erasures
Lettering/Labeling
15 pts. - All pieces of information are completely indicated and
legibly printed.
12 pts. - All pieces of information are legibly printed but some are
missing.
10 pts. - All pieces of information are legibly printed but some are
missing and misspelled.
8 pts. - Pieces of information are not legibly printed and words are
misspelled.
29
ANSWER KEY 1.1
I.
1. a
2. a.
3. d.
4. a.
5. c.
II.
right auxiliary view
left auxiliary view
front auxiliary view
rear auxiliary view
right auxiliary elevation
left auxiliary elevation
30
ANSWER KEY 1.2
( Teacher’s Check)
Self-Check 1.2
31
ANSWER KEY 2.1
I.
1. b.
2. a.
3. d.
4. a.
5. c.
II.
A.1. grooved
2. countersunk
3. lap
B. 1. single hem
2. double hem
32
ANSWER KEY 2.2
( Teacher’s Check)
Self-check 2.2
Unit of Competency: Construct Auxiliary Views and Develop
Surface Patterns
Module No.: 1 Module Title: Construct Auxiliary Views and
Developing Surface Patterns
Republic of the Philippines
Department of the Education PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Copyright Department of Education 2008
First Published JUNE 2008
This draft was prepared during the Competency-Based Learning Materials Development Workshop conducted at the Marikina Hotel, Marikina City on February 18-22, 2008 and at the Development
Academy of the Philippines (DAP) on May 5-10, 2008.
This learning instrument was developed by the following personnel:
Technology Teachers:
Mario S. Gregorio, Ed.D. Tagum National Trade School Tagum City, Davao del Norte, Region XI
Roy S. Luneta Bauan Technical High School
Bauan, Batangas
Ariel F. Maglalang Assemblywoman Felicita G. Bernardino
Memorial Trade School, Lias, Marilao, Bulacan, Region III Juanito Bugaoisan
Don Alejandro Roces, Sr. Science and Technology San Fernando, La Union
Arlene V. Tobias Mabalacat Technical High School
Mabalacat, Pampanga
Facilitator: Aida T. Galura
Angeles City National Trade School Sunset Valley, Angeles City
Encoders:
Mel Contapay Office of Legal Affairs
Department of Education Meralco Ave., Pasig City
Maria Riza Zamora DepED Budget Division Meralco Ave., Pasig City
The Refinement And Enrichment Of The Competency-Based Curriculum and Competency-Based Learning Materials was done in Marikina Hotel, Marikina City on April 13-18, 2009 through the
concerted effort of the following writers:
Technology Teachers:
Mario S. Gregorio Ed. D. Tagum National Trade School Tagum City, Davao del Norte, Region 11
Condrado C. Casulla
Pangasinan School of Arts and Trades Lingayen, Pangasinan, Region 01
Nelson M. Arisga Malvar National High School Malvar, Batangas, Region 4A
Alexander M. Latoga
Manuel S. Enverga Memorial College of Arts and Trades Mauban, Quezon, Region 4A
Mirasol F. Dasig San Pedro Relocation Center National High School
San Pedro, Laguna Region 4A
Contextual Writer: Marvin R. Viernes
Muntinlupa Business High School Muntinlupa City, NCR
Encoder:
Lawrence D. Cruz
DepEd EID-TS DepEd Complex Meralco Ave. Quezon City
Jeffree O. Ponce DepEd EID-TS
DepEd Complex Meralco Ave. Quezon City
Facilitator:
Orlando E. Manuel PhD Principal
Cabarroguis National School of Arts and Trades Cabarroguis, Quirino Region 02
This work was funded by the Department of Education.
REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING
Giesecke, Mitchell, and Spencer. Technical Drawing; The Macmillan
Company: 1949.
French and Vierck. Engineering Drawing; MacGraw, Hill Book Company,10th
editon: 1960
German M. Manaois. Drafting 1 and 2; Phoenix Publishing:1983
Norman Stirling. Introduction to Technical Drawing; Delmar Publishing:
1977
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
How to Use this Module ……………………………………………….. I Introduction ……………………………………………….. ii Technical Terms …………………………………………………………. iii Learning Outcome 1 Construct Primary Auxiliary Views………………… 1
Learning Experiences/Activities …………………………………. 2
Information Sheet 1.1 …………………………………………… 3
Self – Check 1.1 …………………………………………………….. 8
Operation Sheet 1.1 …………………………………………………….. 11
Self – Check 1.2 …………………………………………………….. 13
Learning Outcome 2 – Developing Patterns for Product Packages……… 14
Learning Experiences/Activities ………………………………….. 15
Information Sheet 2.1 ……………………………………………… 16
Operation Sheet 2.1 …………………………………………………….. 20
Self Check 2.1 ………………………………………………………… 25
Self Check 2.2 ………………………………………………………… 27
Assessment Resources ………………………………………………….. 28
Answer Key …………………………………………………………………. 30-33
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Activities are properly arranged in this module to help you work in
your own pace. This module also covers the knowledge, skills, and attitude
desirable attitude you need in technical drawing.
A Pre-assessment precedes the learning activities in each module to
determine you learning level and needs.
The Learning Activity Page gives the sequence of the learning task.
This page serves as the road map in achieving the desired objectives.
When you are able to accomplish all the tasks required, a post-
assessment is given to check if the learner is already competent with the
specified learning outcome/s and ready for the next task.
Definitions of terms are provided in this module for upon easier understanding.
Program/ Course : TECHNICAL DRAWING 1
Unit of Competency : CONSTRUCT AUXILIARY VIEWS AND
DEVELOP PATTERNS
Module Title : Developing Auxiliary Views and
Developing Patterns
INTRODUCTION This module is designed for you to familiarize you with auxiliary
drawings and to be able to draw mechanically using compass, triangle,
dividers, pencils and erasers. It is important to have a basic knowledge of
orthographic construction because this can be integrated or applied in any
area of specialization that you wish to have.
This is also designed to teach students with skills in developing
product packages.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES
Upon the completion of this module, you will be able to:
LO1 Construct primary auxiliary views
LO2 Develop patterns for product packages
TECHNICAL TERMS
Miter line- is a 45 degree line which is used in projection. It serves as guide
in keeping up drawing lines straight.
Parallel- is a line that does not intersect in the plane, but goes to the limit
of infinity.
Inclined- makes an angle with another line or plane.
Project- means to extend from.
Cylinder- is a geometric figure with a uniform circular cross section
through its entire length.
Pattern or stretch out- is produced by utilizing a form of drafting called
pattern development.
Hem- is used to strengthen the lips of sheet metal objects. It is made in
standard sizes, 4.0mm, 6.0mm, 10.0mm, etc.
Wired Edge- gives extra strength and rigidity to sheet metal edges.
Seam- is used to strengthen sheet metal sections. It is usually joined by
soldering and / or riveting process.
Program/ Course : TECHNICAL DRAWING 1
Unit of Competency : CONSTRUCT AUXILIARY VIEWS AND
DEVELOP PATTERNS
Module Title : Developing Auxiliary Views and
Developing Patterns
Learning Outcomes 1. Construct primary auxiliary views
Assessment Criteria
1. The principles of auxiliary drawing are discussed.
2. Two types of auxiliary drawings are identified.
3. Procedures in constructing the auxiliary drawing are correctly
discussed.
4. Auxiliary drawings are demonstrated according to specifications.
References:
Giesecke, Mitchell, and Spencer. Technical Drawing; The Macmillan
Company: 1949.
French and Vierck. Engineering Drawing; MacGraw, Hill Book Company,10th
editon: 1960
German M. Manaois. Drafting 1 and 2; Phoenix Publishing:1983
Norman Stirling. Introduction to Technical Drawing; Delmar Publishing:
1977
2
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome # 1: Construct Primary Auxiliary Views
Learning Activities Special Instruction
1. Read information sheet no. 1
on Constructing Auxiliary
Views.
2. Answer self check no. 1.1.
3. Compare your answers to the
answer key.
4. If you were not able to get
some of the items, review and
read again information sheet
no. 1.
5. Read operation sheet no. 1.1
carefully, then perform the
activity on self check no. 1.2.
6. Review the steps in the same
activity sheet, if the steps were
not properly taken.
Try to answer self check no. 1.1
as best as you can.
Try to perform the said
activity
3
INFORMATION SHEET # 1.1
LO1. Construct auxiliary views
Auxiliary views
Some objects have inclined or oblique surfaces which cannot be
represented in their true or exact shapes in any of the three regular
orthographic views. In such case, it is necessary to make an extra or
“helping” view which will be perpendicularly projected from the inclined
surface. This extra view is called an Auxiliary view and can be classified as
an orthographic view.
In drawing auxiliary view, drawing is always projected from the
regular view on which the inclined surface appears as a line. Also the
construction lines projecting from the inclined surface are always on the
right angles to the cut.
In figure 1, the same objects are similarly drawn, the only difference
that in both figures, there are extra views perpendicularly projected from the
front view where the inclined edges appear.
Fig. 1
Orthographic views
4
An auxiliary view added to the orthographic drawing
Types of auxiliary views
There are six recognized types of auxiliary view: right auxiliary view,
left auxiliary view, front auxiliary view, rear auxiliary view, right auxiliary
elevation, and left auxiliary elevation.
Fig. 2
Left and right auxiliary views are projected perpendicularly from the
front view.
Fig. 3
5
The front and rear auxiliary views are projected from the side view.
Left and right auxiliary elevations are projected from the top
view.
6
When drawing auxiliaries, the usual practice is to show only
the inclined portion of the view. It is seldom necessary to draw a full
projection of an object.
Fig. 4
7
SELF CHECK # 1.1
LO1. Construct auxiliary views
I. DIRECTION: Read each item carefully. then write the letter of the correct
answer on the space provided.
-------------1. A type of drawing used to represent the exact size and shape of
an object having inclined surfaces.
a. auxiliary drawing c. sectional drawing
b. orthographic drawing d. perspective drawing
-------------2. It is a part of a drawing that needs extra view.
a. Inclined surface
b. Horizontal face
c. Vertical surface
d. Circular features
-------------3-5. From the given set of orthographic drawings on the
succeeding pages, what type of auxiliary drawing is produced
based on the position of the inclined surface?
8
a. left auxiliary elevation c. right auxiliary elevation
b. front auxiliary view d. Right auxiliary view
_____ 4.
a. front auxiliary view c. left auxiliary view
b. right auxiliary view d. left auxiliary elevation
9
_____ 5.
a. left auxiliary elevation c. right auxiliary view
b. left auxiliary view d. front auxiliary view
II Enumeration:
Give the six types of auxiliary views
1.
2
3
4.
5.
6
10
OPERATION SHEET # 1.1
LO1. Construct auxiliary views
Procedure:
1. Study the given orthographic problems then identify the type of
auxiliary drawing used for the given problem.
2. Project the inclined surface and corners with 90 degree line. Be
sure to use your instruments properly.
900
11
3. Transfer all dimensions of the object aligned with the projected
line.
3. Darken construction lines to show the auxiliary view.
12
SELF CHECK 1.2
LO1. Construct auxiliary views
28
52
25
28
PARTIAL VIEW
FRONT VIEW FRONT VIEW
28
45 deg.
20
10
30
10
14
Direction: Given the orthographic views, construct the auxiliary
drawing.
13
Program/ Course : TECHNICAL DRAWING II
Unit of Competency : DEVELOP PATTERNS FOR PRODUCT
PACKAGES
Module Title : Developing Patterns for Product
Packages
Learning Outcome 2. Develop patterns for product packages.
Assessment Criteria
1. The principles of pattern development are correctly explained.
2. The three methods in making patterns are identified and discussed.
3. Procedure in developing patterns are demonstrated according to
standard specifications.
References:
Giesecke, Mitchell, and Spencer. Technical Drawing; The Macmillan
Company: 1949.
French and Vierck. Engineering Drawing; MacGraw, Hill Book Company,10th
editon: 1960
German M. Manaois. Drafting 1 and 2; Phoenix Publishing:1983
Norman Stirling. Introduction to Technical Drawing; Delmar Publishing:
1977
14
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome # 2: Develop Patterns for Product Packages
Learning Activities Special Instruction
1. Read information sheet no. 2
on Developing Patterns for
Product Packages.
2. Answer self check no. 2.1.
3. Compare your answers with
the answer key.
4. If you were not able to get some
of the items, review and read
again information sheet no. 2.
5. Proceed to activity sheet no.
2.1.
6. Review the steps from the given
activity sheet.
Try to answer self check no.
2.1 the best you can.
Try to perform the said
activity.
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INFORMATION SHEET # 2.1
LO2. Develop patterns for product packages
Pattern is a full size drawing of the various surfaces of an
object stretched out on a flat surface.
Pattern development is important to many occupations and
hobbies that require folding or rolling of sheet materials. It plays an
important part in the fabrication of sheet metal ducts and pipes
needed in the installation and heating of air conditioning units. Stoves
and refrigerators are fabricated from many sheet metal parts.
Sample developed objects
Cube
Prism
16
Pyramid Cylinders Cones
Sample Developed Patterns
17
Hems, Edges, Seams
Hem-is used to strengthen the lips of sheet metal objects. It is made in
standard sizes, 4.0mm, 6.0mm, 10.0mm, etc.
18
Wired Edge- gives extra strength and rigidity to sheet metal edges.
Seams-are used to strengthen sheet metal sections. They are usually joined
by soldering and / or riveting process.
19
OPERATION SHEET # 2.1
LO2. Develop patterns for product packages
Procedure:
1. Draw the front and top views of required cylinder. Divide top view
into twelve (12) equal parts and number each division.
STEP 1 STEP 2
STEP 3 STEP 4
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TOP VIEW
FRONT VIEW
2. The height of the pattern or stretchout is the same as the height of
the front view. Project construction lines from the top to bottom of
the front view.
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3. Allow sufficient space (25 mm is adequate) between the front view
and the pattern, then draw a vertical line. This will locate line 1 of
the pattern.
4. Set your compass or divider from 1 to 2 (the points where the
division lines intersect the circle) on the top view. Transfer this
distance to the extended lines of the pattern to locate reference lines
1,2,3,-12,1.
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5. Draw the top and bottom tangent to the extended stretch-out pattern.
.
6. Allow 6.0 m for seams and go over all outlines with visible object
lines. The lines that represent the curve or circular lines are drawn in
color or they are left as construction lines.
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7. Output
3 4 5 1 2 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 13
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SELF CHECK # 2.1
LO2. Develop patterns for product packages
I. DIRECTIONS: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct
answer on the space provided.
-------------1.It is a full-sized drawing of the various surfaces of an object
stretched out on a flat surface.
a. hem b. pattern c. cylinder d. fabrication
-------------2. It is used to strengthen the lips of sheet metal objects. It is
made in standard sizes, 4.0mm, 6.0mm, 10.0mm, etc.
a. hem b. wedge c. seam d. edge
-------------3. Which appliance below is not a sample of developed products?
a. washing machine b. stoves c. refrigerators d. flat iron
-------------4-5 Give the correct pattern development for figure A and figure
B.
A
25
II. Enumeration:
A. Give the three kinds of seam.
1.
2
3
B. Name the two kinds of hem.
1.
2.
D C
B A
26
SELF CHECK # 2.2
LO2. Develop Patterns for Product Packages
DIRECTION: Given a model, develop a pattern.
16 cm. dia.
8 cm dia.
20 cm
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ASSESSMENT RESOURCES
Performance Assessment
Scoring Rubrics
Criteria Score (Tick the corresponding pts.)
Accuracy
50
45
40
Speed
10
6
8
Neatness
25
20
15
Lettering/Labeling
15
12
10
8
Total
Performance Criteria: Accuracy
50 pts - The output is accurately done.
45 pts - Two to five errors are observed on the output.
40 pts. - Six to ten errors are observed on the output.
Speed
10 pts - The output is done 5 minutes before the time.
8 pts - The output is done on time.
6 pts. - The output is done after the allotted time.
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Neatness
25 pts. - has no error
20 pts - has two to three erasures
15 pts - has four or more erasures
Lettering/Labeling
15 pts. - All pieces of information are completely indicated and
legibly printed.
12 pts. - All pieces of information are legibly printed but some are
missing.
10 pts. - All pieces of information are legibly printed but some are
missing and misspelled.
8 pts. - Pieces of information are not legibly printed and words are
misspelled.
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ANSWER KEY 1.1
I.
1. a
2. a.
3. d.
4. a.
5. c.
II.
right auxiliary view
left auxiliary view
front auxiliary view
rear auxiliary view
right auxiliary elevation
left auxiliary elevation
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ANSWER KEY 1.2
( Teacher’s Check)
Self-Check 1.2
31
ANSWER KEY 2.1
I.
1. b.
2. a.
3. d.
4. a.
5. c.
II.
A.1. grooved
2. countersunk
3. lap
B. 1. single hem
2. double hem
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ANSWER KEY 2.2
( Teacher’s Check)
Self-check 2.2
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