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SURVEY ON MIGRATION AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN UKRAINE, 2017
A survey on migration and human trafficking in Ukraine was conducted by GfK Ukraine on request of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) Mission in Ukraine with finan-cial support from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the U.S. Department of State in April-June 2017. This publication was made possible through support provided by the United States Department of State, under the terms of Award No. S-SJTIP-15-GR-1013. The opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect
the views of the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the United States Department of State and IOM.
The survey was conducted using
an All-Ukrainian, in-home interview methodology.
The sample consisted of 5000 respondents,
16 years of age and older – 200 people selected from each of the 24 oblast and the city of Kyiv (government controlled areas only).
The sample represents the population
of each oblast by the size of residence; population of each oblast and Kyiv Cityby sex and age.
The general sample is representative
of the Ukrainian population (government controlled areas only) by sex, age, region and the size of the settlement – the data was weighted proportionally to the population in each oblast.
SURVEY METHODOLOGY
VOLYN OBLAST
LVIV OBLAST
ZAKARPATTIA OBLAST
IVANO-FRANKIVSK OBLAST
CHERNIVTSI OBLAST
TERNOPIL OBLAST KHMELNYTSKYI OBLAST
RIVNE OBLAST
ZHYTOMYR OBLAST
KYIV OBLAST
CHERKASY OBLAST
VINNYTSIA OBLAST
KIROVOHRAD OBLAST
MYKOLAIV OBLAST
ODESA OBLAST
KHERSON OBLAST
CHERNIHIV OBLASTSUMY OBLAST
POLTAVA OBLAST
DNIPROPETROVSK OBLAST
KHARKIV OBLAST
ZAPORIZHIA OBLAST
KYIV CITY
77,000
57,000
63,000
61,000
39,000
54,000
46,000
44,000
35,000
48,000
28,000
28,000
60,000
21,000
27,00048,000
30,000
29,000
15,00030,000
20,000
5,000
6,000
11%
C
16%
15%
5%
18%
10%
15%
17%
14%
KYIV
15%
23% 10%
9%
16%
11%
9%
16%
6%
14%
10%21%
13%
8%
CRIMEA
THE ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PEOPLE FROM UKRAINE WORKING ABROAD AT THE TIME OF THE SURVEY
915,000
PREVALENCE OF LABOUR MIGRATION AND NUMBER
OF POTENTIAL LABOUR MIGRANTS
*GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED AREAS
The potential migration rate (those who have found or plan to find a job abroad in the near future) is highest in those oblasts where there is the highest rate of labour migration – Ternopil, Zakarpattia, and Rivne Oblasts. MEN WOMEN
17% 8%
The rate of potential migrants
is significantly higher among men than among women: 17% of men
have already found a job abroad or plan to find it in the nearest future,
whereas it is only 8% for women.
(% of the total population of the oblast)
DONETSK OBLAST
GCA*
30,000
6%
LUHANSK OBLASTGCA*
12%
14,000
HAVE ALREADY FOUND
A JOB ABROAD
PLAN TO FIND ONE IN THE NEAREST
FUTURE
of the total population of Ukraine
12%
2% 10%
THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORSIN DECIDING TO ACCEPT WORK ABROAD (among the respondents who expressed their desire to work abroad)
LEVEL OF SALARY
LEGALITY OF EMPLOYMENT
(offi cial documents)
WORKING CONDITIONS
DETAILED INFORMATION ABOUT THE EMPLOYER
SPHERE OF EMPLOYMENT (domestic work, construction works, production or other spheres)
LIVING CONDITIONS
PERSONAL CONNECTIONS (family, relatives, friends in the country of supposed employment)
POSSIBILITY OF ACQUIRING
NEW SKILLS PERIOD OF EMPLOYMENT
ABROAD
COUNTRY OF POSSIBLE EMPLOYMENT
For men the level of salary and possibility to acquire new skills are more important factors than for women, who placed legality of the employment and living conditions as the most important determinant.
THE SPHERES OF EMPLOYMENT ABROAD IN WHICH RESPONDENTS WOULD BE WILLING TO WORK (multiple answers possible)
27%In total
27% 27%
17%In total
31% 3%
16%In total
3% 29%
10%In total
17% 3%
10%In total
12% 7%
9%In total
5% 13%
14%In total
17% 10%
9%In total
5% 12%
10%In total
3% 17%
8%In total
8% 7%
Job that corresponds to your current
occupation
Construction or reconstruction
works
Domestic work (child care/elder care,
house cleaning)
Agricultural work
Employment in hotel business
(housemaid, receptionist)
Employment in transport or communication spheres
Low-skilled job at a plant/factory/production
Job in commerce sphere (sales)
Job in restaurant/café (waiter, bartender)
Any job
MEN WOMEN
THE MOST PREFERRED COUNTRIES FOR EMPLOYMENT ABROAD (% of respondents who were ready to consider a job opportunity abroad, multiple answers possible)
14%In total
15% 14%
MEN WOMENThe preference of the Russian Federation as a country of destination continues to decrease (from 18% of respondents who expressed
the desire to work abroad in 2011, 12% in 2015, and 9% in 2017). Simultaneously, the preference of Poland increased to 40% in 2017 (7% in 2006 according to the data of the first similar study, 30% in 2015).
12%In total
13% 10%
10%In total
11% 9%
7%In total
7% 8%
6%In total
6% 6%
5%In total
6% 5%
9%In total
11% 8%
5%In total
6% 4%
9%In total
10% 8%
5%In total
4% 4%
40%In total
40% 39%
32%In total
35% 29%
17%In total
11% 23%
Poland Germany Italy
USA Canada Czech Republic Russian Federation Great Britain
Spain Portugal Montenegro Denmark Belarus
VOLYN OBLAST
LVIV OBLAST
ZAKARPATTIA OBLAST
IVANO-FRANKIVSK OBLAST
CHERNIVTSI OBLAST
TERNOPIL OBLAST
KHMELNITSKYI OBLAST
RIVNE OBLAST
ZHYTOMYR OBLAST
KYIV OBLAST
CHERKASY OBLAST
VINNYTSIA OBLAST
KIROVOHRAD OBLAST
MYKOLAIV OBLAST
ODESA OBLAST
KHERSON OBLAST
CHERNIHIV OBLAST
SUMY OBLAST
POLTAVA OBLAST
DNIPROPETROVSK OBLAST
KHARKIV OBLAST
ZAPORIZHIA OBLAST
KYIV CITY
49%
48%
47%
37%
33%32%
28%
28%
23%
23%
23%
22%
21%
17%
16%
13%
13%
11%
10%
9%
8%
8%
5%
CRIMEA
*GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED AREAS
In general the rate of men
who belong to the vulnerable group is higher than among
women
MEN WOMEN
24% 19%
To work without official employment; To work in a closed room (without the possibility
to freely leave your working place); To illegally cross the border; To work at an illegal production factory/plant
(unregistered enterprise); To give your passport to your employer
for the whole period of your employment.
21%
of the total population of Ukraine belong to the vulnerable group
In this study the definition of persons who risk becom-ing victims of human trafficking abroad (hereinafter — the vulnerable group) is not as potential migrants, but those who tended to agree (answering “yes” and “ more yes than no ”) with at least one of the risky condi-tions of working abroad.If the person whom you trust offered you a high-paid job abroad in the sphere that suits you, would you agree:
DONETSK OBLAST
GCA*
14%
LUHANSK OBLASTGCA*
25%
VULNERABILITY TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING
(% of the oblast population who belong to the vulnerable group)
THE READINESS TO ACCEPT RISKY JOB OFFERS ABROAD (% of the total population of Ukraine)
TO WORK WITHOUT LEGAL EMPLOYMENT
17% 6% 3%TO WORK IN LOCKED PREMISES
(without the possibility to freely leave your working place)
TO WORK AT AN ILLEGAL PRODUCTION FACTORY/PLANT
(unregistered enterprise)
2%TO CROSS THE BORDER ILLEGALLY
1%TO GIVE THEIR PASSPORT TO EMPLOYER FOR THE TIME OF EMPLOYMENT
7,100 800
4,600
7,500 6,600
CRIMEA
*GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED AREAS
60,900
Ukrainians suffered from human trafficking in 2014-2017, according to the estimates.
9,200
6,600
4,100
8,700
1,700
800
BASED ON ESTIMATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION (IOM), MISSION IN UKRAINE, MORE THAN 230 000 UKRAINIANS SUFFERED FROM HUMAN TRAFFICKING FROM 1991 TO 2017.
VOLYN OBLAST
LVIV OBLAST
ZAKARPATTIA OBLAST
IVANO-FRANKIVSK OBLAST
CHERNIVTSI OBLAST
TERNOPIL OBLAST
KHMELNITSKYI OBLAST
RIVNE OBLAST
ZHYTOMYR OBLAST
KYIV OBLAST
CHERKASY OBLAST
VINNYTSIA OBLAST
KIROVOHRAD OBLAST
MYKOLAIV OBLASTODESA OBLAST
KHERSON OBLAST
CHERNIHIV OBLAST
SUMY OBLAST
POLTAVA OBLAST
DNIPROPETROVSK OBLAST
KHARKIV OBLAST
ZAPORIZHIA OBLAST
KYIV CITY
800
LUHANSK OBLAST
GCA*
DONETSK OBLAST
GCA*
PREVALENCE OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
The estimated number of victims of human trafficking in Ukraine broken down
by oblast, 2014-2017
AWARENESS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING (% of total number)
HEARD ABOUT HUMAN TRAFFICKING
84% 11%HAVE NOT HEARD ABOUT HUMAN TRAFFICKING
5%NOT SURE
Volyn
Oblast
98%
Kyiv
Oblast
96%
Cherkasy
Oblast
96%
Luhansk
Oblast
60%
Zakarpattia
Oblast
53%
The greatest number of Ukrainians who have heard about human trafficking are located in Volyn, Kyiv, and Cherkasy Oblasts, while the lowest number was observed among representatives of Lu-hansk and Zakarpattia Oblasts.
UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING (among the respondents who heard about human trafficking (multiple answers possible)
SEXUAL SLAVERY
83% 74%KIDNAPPING PEOPLE WITH THE AIM OF TRANSFERRING THEM TO A THIRD PARTY FOR THE PURPOSE OF THEIR EXPLOITATION
65%BUYING AND SELLING OF PEOPLE
54%FORCED DONATION OF ORGANS
TRANSPORTATION OF A PERSON WITH THE AIM OF FORCED BEGGING
54% 52%FORCING VULNERABLE POPULATIONS TO WORK WITHOUT WAGES OR FOR LOW WAGES THAT DO NOT CORRESPOND WITH PREVIOUSLY AGREED CONDITIONS
10%MIGRATION OF POPULATION
0.3%NOTHING LISTED ABOVE
THE PERSONAL RISK ESTIMATIONS OF BECOMING A VICTIM OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING (% of respondents who heard about human trafficking)
I AM SURE THIS WILL NEVER HAPPEN TO ME
The highest percentage of those who are confident that they will never become victims of human trafficking are among representatives of Kherson, Volyn, Luhansk, Ivano-Frankivsk, and Ternopil Oblasts.
54% 23% 19%THERE IS A LOW POSSIBILITY
HARD TO ANSWER/ REFUSE TO ANSWER
4%THERE IS A HIGH POSSIBILITY
Kherson Oblast
78%Volyn Oblast
74%Luhansk Oblast
72%Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
74%Ternopil Oblast
74%
THE NATIONAL TOLL-FREE COUNTER-TRAFFICKINGAND MIGRANT ADVICE HOTLINE
0 800 505 501(toll-free from all landline phones in Ukraine)
527(toll-free from all cell phones in Ukraine)
WWW.STOPTRAFFICKING.ORG WWW.527.ORG.UA
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