study regarding the lifestyle and eating habits as risk factors for heart disease, in coronary...

STUDY REGARDING

THE LIFESTYLE AND EATING HABITS AS RISK FACTORS FOR HEART DISEASE,

IN CORONARY PATIENTS FROM THEHEART DISEASE CLINIC II ADULTS

UMF Tg-Mures

Nutrition and Dietetics

Supervisor: Dr. Dan Mircea Farcas, MD Cardiologist

Author: Luminita Boros Huza

1. Pointing out the most important risk factors related to diet and lifestyle, as seen in these patients.

2. Targeted plan for nutritional education, to eliminate the risk factors reviled.

Method: • Examining 40 hospitalized patients• From October 2013 to March 2014• Correlation of data with the diagnostic and lab

analysis of FOGC.

Personal Data

Lifestyle and Nutrition

Anthropometrical Data

Secondary Diagnosis

Lab Analysis

Atherosclerotic Plaque → thickening + stiffening of arterial walls → decrease of arterial lumen.

Risk Factors: Unbiased: age, gender, heredity, genetic

condition of the lipid metabolism. Biased: smoking, obesity, dyslipidemia (LDL↑,

HDL↓) high blood pressure, diabetes, sedentariness, mental stress.

Other factors: metabolic syndrome; impaired glucose tolerance; triglycerides↑; PCR↑; fibrinogen ↑; homocysteinemy ↑; Lp (a); infections; autoimmune disease, periodontitis.

Age:

Gender:

Monthly Income: medium to low

Formal education level: medium to low

Smoking

Physical Activity None of the patients performs intense physical activity

Mental Stress

Vegetables Suggested intake: 3-4 servings/day

Fruits Suggested intake: 2-4 servings/day

Grains 52.5% consume only refined grains 47.5% consume refined and whole grains

Risk factors: Diet

Proteins

Risk factors: Diet

Protein intake

Excess Deficit Normal intake

Animal protein

Fatty meat 57,5% Lean meat42,5

%

Fish meat≤1 serving/week 60% Fish meat ≥ 2

servings/week 40%

Whole milk/ dairy

97,5%Low fat milk and

dairy2,5%

Eggs ≥ 6/week

10% Eggs ≤ 4/week 90%

Vegetable

protein

Beans ≤ 1serving/week

47,5%

Beans ≥ 2 servings/week

52,5%

Nuts ≤ 1 serving/week

62,5%

Nuts 2-4 servings/week

17,5%

Nuts - daily intake 20%

Fats

Sweets

BMI

Abdominal circumferenceFemale Male

Lab Analysis

Lipid profile HDL and LDL were not determined for all the patients Values impossible to interpret because of statins

treatment

Glycemia

Analysis Value Percentage

Total cholesterol

> 190 mg% 42,5%

Triglycerides > 150 mg% 30%

Low income, low formal education, smoking, lack of physical activity and atherogenic diet increase the risk for coronary artery disease

Dietary recommendations: Vegetables↑; fruits↑; whole grains↑; beans↑; nuts↑ Animal proteins and fats↓; choosing low or nonfat dairy

products Restricted sweets consumption (possible already

restricted) Physical exercise, limited by the existing

pathology Quitting smoke Stress management

Hypolipidaemic, hypocaloric, salt restriction Mediterranean Diet DASH Diet Dr. Dean Ornish Diet

Dietary Supplements Omega 3, Mg, CoQ10, niacin, vitamin C,

nattokinaza

Thank you