standardization of energy efficiency measurement methods for
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Standardization of Energy Efficiency Measurement
Methods for Network Functions Virtualization
Zhu Bin, bin.zhubin@huawei.com
Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.
Jun 2015
Page 2 Huawei Confidential
Contents
• Background, Challenges and Opportunities
• Current energy efficiency measurement methods
• Topics need to be studied
Page 3 Huawei Confidential
NFV make telecom network transform from hardware-
centric to software-driven architecture • Hardware and software decoupled, virtualizing network function move
from dedicated network hardware to industry standard server
Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs)
NFV Infrastructure (NFVI)
Physical Infrastructure
Virtual Infrastructure
Compute Storage Network
Virtual Computing Virtual Storage Virtual Networking
NF
V M
an
ag
em
en
t an
d
Orc
hestra
tion
(MA
NO
)
vIMS vEPC vBRAS vRGW/
vAR/vSTB ……
Page 4 Huawei Confidential
NFV Energy Efficiency Requirements
• Workload consolidation
• Resource scheduling
• Energy saving mgmt
mechanism
ETSI GS NFV 004 V1.1.1(2013-10) NFV: Virtualization Requirements
Is it feasible for 50%
energy saving?
Page 5 Huawei Confidential
NFV energy saving challenge and opportunities
Energy waste: Lower
performance / hardware efficiency
Energy saving: Higher
resource utilization
General purpose HW vs.
specified HW
Extra energy consumption
from virtualization layer
Resource sharing, pooling
and provision on demand
Energy aware resource
scheduling to consolidate the
physical machines
Hardly energy efficient co-design
for multi-vendor components in
layered architecture
Page 6 Huawei Confidential
Energy consumption of NFV is dominated by the degree
of resource sharing
Traditional HGW Virtual HGW
No. of HGW 1000 1000
HGW box 18W 6W
Server 0 150W
Total power 18000W 6150W Virtual HGW
- routing and NAT
- firewalling
- OAM management
Quasi-passive CPE
-switch
-Modem/ONT Source: GreenTouch, Virtualizing Home Gateways for large
scale energy reduction in networks, 2012
GreenTouch Demo: Dell server R610 (intel
Xeon5560) hosting with 1000vHGW
- 300% energy saving
Energy saving benefit from:
Time multiplexing of shared processor on server
Elastic resource provisioning on demand
Challenge:
Energy saving gains diminished as energy efficiency of traditional HGW continuous improvement
(15W/2011, 11W/2013, 10W/2015)
Page 7 Huawei Confidential
Limited energy efficiency improvement in virtual IMS
2M subscribers for IMS control plan
NEs (OMU, SPG, CCF, CSCF, ATS)
Core Site
ATS
CSCF
A-SBC I-SBC
OMU/EMS SPG CCF
Node level: energy efficiency improved (35%)
Network level: energy efficiency improved (3%)
HW efficiency improvement (2x)
by new generation processor
performance degradation (-
30%) by VM
overhead for virtualization and
cloud OS
Common infrastructure, e.g.
Fan, Fabric, storage, network
Worse for small capacity Challenge:
virtualization performance improvement
Linear resource scalability
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Legacy IMS Cloud IMS
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Legacy IMS Cloud IMS
-35%
-3%
Page 8 Huawei Confidential
Energy efficiency evaluation and measurement
• Why? If you can’t measure, you can’t manage and improve
• Procurement: Comparing energy efficiency of different implementation of same
functions (VNF, VNFI, HW)
• Planning: energy efficiency analysis for network deployment and optimization
• Operation: EE visualization for effective energy management
• How? Metrics and Measurement
• Extend EE/EC metrics and measurement methods of telecom equipment to VNF app
• Adapt EE/EC metrics and measurement of cloud/IT system to NFV scenarios
Page 9 Huawei Confidential
Current EE metrics & measurement methods in CT
• Core NW equipment: ETSI ES 201554 (2014-07)
• Mobile core functions (GGSN, HLR, MGW, MME, MSC, SGSN and
PGW/SGW)
• Energy Efficiency metrics is defined as:
• Useful output is maximum capacity of SUT depending on different
functions for voice, data or subscriber
• Average Power Consumption is weighted power consumption for
SUT under different load levels.
TS: (maximum capacity)
• High: TH = 1,0 × TS
• Mid: TM = 0,7 × TS
• Low : TL = 0,1 × TS
Only for All-in-One
equipment
Page 10 Huawei Confidential
Current EE metrics & measurement methods for server
• SPEC benchmarks
• SPECpower_ssj2008: evaluate and comparing server energy efficiency
• Server Energy Efficiency Rating Tool (SERT): ENERGY STAR program
• SPECvirt_sc2013: measure performance of virtualized platforms
Test configuration SERT worklets
not include network-
intensive workloads
15x energy efficiency gain since release
Page 11 Huawei Confidential
Software application energy efficiency comparison
• Microsoft Internet Explorer is most energy efficient browser, consuming 18% less
energy than Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox
Source: Fraunhofer, the impact of internet browsers on computer energy consumption, 2013
Page 12 Huawei Confidential
Energy Efficiency Metrics
SUT Metrics Definition Measurement method
All-in-one
System EE
System power consumption / system capacity
of typical or max configuration
(e.g. W/ subscribers | PDP | SAU)
Similar with ETSI core NW equipment EE
measurement standard, update needed
VNF
VNF EE
Requirement for vCPU processing capability /
VNF capacity
(e.g. GHz/subscribers | PDP | SAU)
Requirement for vCPU processing
capability = (Number * Frequency) of
cores
VNF
proportional
scalability
VNF EE at maximum capacity / VNF EE at
minimum capacity
Virtualization
layer
Virtualization
EE
Virtualization loss, resource overhead of
hypervisor
Specvirt_ssj2013
Server Server EE
General server EE benchmark, customized
workloads (network intensive) for NFV use
case of data plane
Specpower_ssj2008, SERT
ETSI GS NFV-PER001, NFV
performance & portability best practices
Page 13 Huawei Confidential
VNF EE measurement example
Subscribers 200k 1M 2M 3M 5M
VM numbers 20 60 80 110 150
vCPU Core(2.4GHz) 50 140 180 240 320
VNF EE (GHz/10k
subscribers) 6.0 3.4 2.2 1.9 1.5
VNF proportional scalability 0.25
Resource efficiency of VNF deployment
on specific capacity
Linearity of resource demand on
different VNF capacity
VNF scaling
6.0
3.4
2.2 1.9 1.5
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
200k 1M 2M 3M 5M
Page 14 Huawei Confidential
Summary
• Energy efficiency is still a key issue for NFV transformation
• New energy efficiency measurement methods need to be defined for
layered components in NFV architecture
THANK YOU www.huawei.com
Copyright© 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation, statements regarding the future
financial and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause
actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such
information is provided for reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the
information at any time without notice.
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