standardization in sdr: the military model and its ... · 5 proposed wireless net ready...
Post on 30-Jan-2020
1 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Standardization in SDR: Standardization in SDR:
The military model and its The military model and its applicability to the civil domainapplicability to the civil domain
Dr Michael StreetDr Michael StreetNATO C3 AgencyNATO C3 Agency
2
IntroductionIntroduction
What do we mean by SDR ?What do we mean by SDR ?
Why do we care about SDR ?Why do we care about SDR ?
Do we need to standardise it ?Do we need to standardise it ?
Beyond standards Beyond standards –– test, certification and test, certification and business modelsbusiness models
Comparison with the civil communityComparison with the civil community
3
NATO C3 AgencyNATO C3 Agency
The NATO Consultation Command and Control Agency (NC3A) providesThe NATO Consultation Command and Control Agency (NC3A) providesunbiased scientific, technological and acquisition support in alunbiased scientific, technological and acquisition support in all areas of l areas of consultation, command, and control for NATO. consultation, command, and control for NATO.
NC3A is a Centre of Excellence in Communications, Command, ContrNC3A is a Centre of Excellence in Communications, Command, Control, ol, Computer, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) Computer, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) capabilities within NATO. capabilities within NATO.
With a highly competent staff, extensive laboratories and close With a highly competent staff, extensive laboratories and close links with links with military users NC3A provides independent and impartial advice fomilitary users NC3A provides independent and impartial advice for r achieving operational enhancements in NATOachieving operational enhancements in NATO’’s C3 capability and s C3 capability and supports the provision and procurement of the most capable C4ISRsupports the provision and procurement of the most capable C4ISRsystems available and their operation in crisis and war.systems available and their operation in crisis and war.
www.www.nc3a.nc3a.nato.intnato.int
4
Military radio domain Military radio domain
5
Proposed Wireless Net ready Proposed Wireless Net ready Communications Standards (non Communications Standards (non ––SATCOM)SATCOM)
STANAGSTANAG CURRENTCURRENT NEW NEW PROJECTSPROJECTS
2012/14 NNEC 2012/14 NNEC NIINII
2020 NNEC 2020 NNEC NIINII
VLFVLF 50305030 50305030 50305030 50305030
HFHF 4203, 4285, 4203, 4285, 4415, 4444, 4415, 4444, 4481, 4529, 4481, 4529, 4538, 4539, 50664538, 4539, 5066
4203, 4415, 4444, 4203, 4415, 4444, 4481, 4529, 4538, 4481, 4529, 4538, 4539, 50664539, 5066
4203, 4415, 4444, 4203, 4415, 4444, 4538, 4539, 50664538, 4539, 5066
4203, 4444, 4538, 4203, 4444, 4538, 4539, 50664539, 5066
VHFVHF 4204, 4292, 4204, 4292, 4448, 44494448, 4449
4204, 4292, 4448, 4204, 4292, 4448, 4449, NBW4449, NBW
4204, 4292, NBW4204, 4292, NBW 4204, NBW4204, NBW
UHFUHF 4205, 4246, 4372 4205, 4246, 4372 4205, 4372, NBW, 4205, 4372, NBW, WBWWBW
4205, 4372, NBW, 4205, 4372, NBW, WBWWBW
4205, 4372, NBW, 4205, 4372, NBW, WBWWBW
Plus CIMIC: TETRA, GSM,
6
SDR in NATOSDR in NATO
Military requirements dictate many different radio Military requirements dictate many different radio systems systems –– many standardsmany standards
JTRS initially identified 40+ current standards JTRS initially identified 40+ current standards
National requirementsNational requirementsFlexibilityFlexibilityInteroperabilityInteroperabilityEconomicsEconomics
Larger supplier base, larger markets, lower costsLarger supplier base, larger markets, lower costs
NATO SDR Users Group (SDRUG)NATO SDR Users Group (SDRUG)National SDR programmesNational SDR programmes
AU, CA, ES, FI, FR, GE, IT, PL, TU, SP, SW, UK, USAU, CA, ES, FI, FR, GE, IT, PL, TU, SP, SW, UK, US
7
Software Defined RadioSoftware Defined Radio
SDR is not newSDR is not newS/w definition provides flexibilityS/w definition provides flexibilityIncreases lifetime of radiosIncreases lifetime of radiosAids platform fittingAids platform fittingEases new techniques / policiesEases new techniques / policies
FM, networkingFM, networking
Portable software to define radios Portable software to define radios Standards for Standards for s/ws/w design & radio design & radio h/wh/wPortability Portability ……..…… which leads to interoperabilitywhich leads to interoperabilityYour software + my radio = we interoperateYour software + my radio = we interoperate
Portability requires stringent standards on implementationPortability requires stringent standards on implementation
8
Interoperability and PortabilityInteroperability and Portability
Interoperability requires air interface standardsInteroperability requires air interface standards
Portability requires implementation standardsPortability requires implementation standardsProliferates AI standardsProliferates AI standards
NATO nations are following a standard for SDR NATO nations are following a standard for SDR portabilityportability
9
Interoperability and StandardisationInteroperability and Standardisation
Usual route to NATO interoperability is through Usual route to NATO interoperability is through standardisationstandardisationSDR is an implementation. Should that be SDR is an implementation. Should that be standardised ?standardised ?
Benefits to users, purchasers and vendors of Benefits to users, purchasers and vendors of widespread standardisationwidespread standardisation
What should NATO standardise ?What should NATO standardise ?NATO standards, or adoption of existing standards ?NATO standards, or adoption of existing standards ?
NATO Policy for use of Civil Standards (EAPC NATO Policy for use of Civil Standards (EAPC ……))IPR issues in civil standardsIPR issues in civil standards
10
Waveformdescription
Interoperability where ?Interoperability where ?
Waveform(text description)
SDRPlatform
Compiler / Interpreter
Waveformdescription
Air interface
Waveform(text description)
SDRPlatform
Compiler / Interpreter
Waveformdescription
WaveformDescriptionLanguage
Air interface
Hardware Radio
Platform
Boundary of NATO standardisation
Standard architecture for SDR hardware and software
11
Software Communications Architecture (SCA)Software Communications Architecture (SCA)
12
Software Communications ArchitectureSoftware Communications Architecture
Standard for implementing SDRStandard for implementing SDRUS US DoDDoD -- developed for JTRS programmedeveloped for JTRS programmeFollowed by many national SDR programmesFollowed by many national SDR programmes
Rich, robust, capableRich, robust, capableNonNon--military suitabilitymilitary suitability
Defined interfaces, APIs Defined interfaces, APIs
SCA compliant software can be ported to SCA SCA compliant software can be ported to SCA compliant hardware compliant hardware ““easilyeasily””
70 % software reuse70 % software reuse
SCA compliant radios and waveforms fieldedSCA compliant radios and waveforms fieldedIncluding TETRA !Including TETRA !
13
…… but but …… some SCA issues remain some SCA issues remain
Ownership of SCAOwnership of SCALong term, probably not Long term, probably not DoDDoD
APIs and securityAPIs and securityNot everything is releasableNot everything is releasable
Test & verificationTest & verificationOf Of h/wh/w, original , original s/ws/w and ported and ported s/ws/w
With an agreed standard, software can be shared, With an agreed standard, software can be shared, waveforms ported and interoperability increased waveforms ported and interoperability increased
14
Sharing SDR softwareSharing SDR software
Standardised SCAStandardised SCAPortable softwarePortable softwareA basis for development, not A basis for development, not ““plug and playplug and play””
But our users arenBut our users aren’’t t ““plug and playplug and play”” eithereither
AI standards which meet user requirementsAI standards which meet user requirementsHow can these be best proliferated ?How can these be best proliferated ?
IPRIPRPros and consPros and cons
Software waveform librarySoftware waveform libraryModel of operationModel of operationType of content Type of content –– Base waveformsBase waveforms
15
Standard (text document)
UKTarget
STANAG 4999 S4999 for UKhandheld radio
S4999 for UKairborne radio
16
Standard (text document)
UK
Base waveform Target waveform
STANAG 4999 S 4999 in “C” code FPGA of S4999 for UK handheld radio
DSP of S4999 forUK airborne radio
ICEETS 399 ETS 399 in “C” code ETS 399 in
Icelandic vehicle radio
UK ETS 399 inUK airborne radio
ESP S4999 inESP airborne radio
Test waveform - FM3TR ?
Pap
er s
tand
ard
Bas
e W
avef
orm
All ‘Net ready’STANAGs
STA
NA
G (P
aper
)
STA
NA
G (P
aper
)
Bas
e W
avef
orm
Bas
e W
avef
orm
STANAG ????
STA
NA
G (P
aper
)
Bas
e W
avef
orm
Targ
et w
avef
orm
Operating environmentTest vectorsS/w design documentationAPI listResults of SCA certification test (formal or informal)Supporting documentation
Targ
et w
avef
orm
Bas
e W
avef
orm
1.1
As before but with revisions to debug base waveform
19
Multinational testingMultinational testing
US have a national test facility = US have a national test facility = JTeLJTeL + JITC+ JITC
JTeLJTeL ensures SCA complianceensures SCA complianceTested against reference SCA implementationsTested against reference SCA implementationsSoftware ported to a Software ported to a ““reference setreference set””
Software port can be 90% automatedSoftware port can be 90% automated
National developments will require national testingNational developments will require national testingUse a national facility for multiUse a national facility for multi--national testing ?national testing ?
Who is responsible to tests and failures ?Who is responsible to tests and failures ?
StandardsStandards--based products determined by the based products determined by the testing, not by the standards documents testing, not by the standards documents
20
Testing SDR: Hardware & SoftwareTesting SDR: Hardware & Software
Conformance Conformance –– to standardto standardInteroperability Interoperability -- with other implementationswith other implementationsAccess to propagation mechanism Access to propagation mechanism –– EMC, CR EMC, CR ????Infrastructure Infrastructure –– working with necessary systemsworking with necessary systems
Key management, fixed NIIKey management, fixed NII
Security Security –– accreditationaccreditationProduct Product –– features / usabilityfeatures / usabilityOperational Operational -- environmentenvironment
Some tests are already provided, others arenSome tests are already provided, others aren’’t of t of interestinterest
21
Multinational testingMultinational testing
Multiple test laboratoriesMultiple test laboratoriesNational developments will require national testingNational developments will require national testingUse a national facility for multiUse a national facility for multi--national testing ?national testing ?Multiple labs Multiple labs --> cross> cross--certificationcertification
Single labSingle labNeutrality, single referenceNeutrality, single reference
What is already addressed ?What is already addressed ?SecuritySecurity
What is the scope of required SDR testing ?What is the scope of required SDR testing ?InteropInterop / compliance/ complianceInfrastructureInfrastructureRepresentative tests Representative tests vsvs range of scenariosrange of scenarios
22
SDR in and beyond NATOSDR in and beyond NATO
SDRFSDRFSCA WG, Public safety SIG, MarketsSCA WG, Public safety SIG, Markets
OMG OMG SBC SBC -- Std Convergence, alternatives.Std Convergence, alternatives.
NATO Research & Technology OrganisationNATO Research & Technology OrganisationTechnical focus for national SDR activitiesTechnical focus for national SDR activities
NATO SDR Users GroupNATO SDR Users Group““ElectroElectro--politicalpolitical””
To establish commitment among nations to exploit the benefits oTo establish commitment among nations to exploit the benefits of SDR f SDR technology for multinational interoperabilitytechnology for multinational interoperability
NATO links to ESSOR, LOI etcNATO links to ESSOR, LOI etc
NC3ANC3ASupport NATO & Alliance on SDR Support NATO & Alliance on SDR Waveform porting, development & libraryWaveform porting, development & library
23
Military and civil environmentsMilitary and civil environments
MilitaryMilitary CivilCivilCustomer baseCustomer base Limited, govtLimited, govt WidespreadWidespreadUser User reqsreqs of radioof radio VariedVaried Fairly staticFairly staticEquipment lifetimeEquipment lifetime 20 years20 years < 2 years< 2 yearsEquipment costEquipment cost HighHigh LowLowDevelopment timeDevelopment time 22--10 years10 years MonthsMonthsSecuritySecurity GovernmentGovernment Maybe someMaybe someRadio platforms Radio platforms VariedVaried LimitedLimitedTestingTesting National or Intl.National or Intl. CommercialCommercial
24
Summary Summary -- militarymilitary
SDR is an implementation, standardising SDR is very SDR is an implementation, standardising SDR is very complex, but can give the military real benefitscomplex, but can give the military real benefits
SDR enables varied capability: SDR enables varied capability: reqsreqs are variedare variedNATO wireless architecture user NATO wireless architecture user reqsreqs & operational views& operational views
SCA exists as an accepted standardSCA exists as an accepted standardDevelopments still needed e.g. Interfaces and Developments still needed e.g. Interfaces and securitysecurityLong term, international management Long term, international management TBDTBD
S/w waveform library can aid interoperabilityS/w waveform library can aid interoperabilityNeed agreed Need agreed s/ws/w format format Distribution model Distribution model –– industry only, govt supported ?industry only, govt supported ?
Interoperability defined by testing, not standardsInteroperability defined by testing, not standards
25
Questions Questions –– civil civil
What are the user requirements ?What are the user requirements ?Is SDR the optimum way to meet them ?Is SDR the optimum way to meet them ?
Will the stakeholders support widespread standards for radio Will the stakeholders support widespread standards for radio implementation / components ?implementation / components ?
NonNon--interoperability e.g. Interinteroperability e.g. Inter--systemsystem--interfaceinterfaceCan end users influence the market sufficiently ?Can end users influence the market sufficiently ?
Is interoperability best provided by a single AI standard ?Is interoperability best provided by a single AI standard ?GSM, TETRA GSM, TETRA
Who tests a reconfigured radio ?Who tests a reconfigured radio ?
Is civil SDR / CR about technology or interoperability ?Is civil SDR / CR about technology or interoperability ?BetamaxBetamax, , CDiCDi, Sinclair C5, Sinclair C5
Will CR benefit users or just make spectrum management easier ?Will CR benefit users or just make spectrum management easier ?
26
Thank you Thank you
Michael.Street@nc3a.nato.intMichael.Street@nc3a.nato.int
+31 65 142 1275+31 65 142 1275
Further reading:Further reading:NATO Waveform library business modelNATO Waveform library business modelUser requirements for wireless communications in the land tacticUser requirements for wireless communications in the land tactical domainal domainAnalysis of Analysis of ““network readynetwork ready”” standards for network enabled capabilitystandards for network enabled capabilityRTO Lecture series on Emerging Wireless Technologies, 2007RTO Lecture series on Emerging Wireless Technologies, 2007
top related