software defined networks (sdn) and cloud computing in 5g wireless technologies

Software Defined Networks (SDN) and Cloud Computing in 5G Wireless Technologies

MASOUD OLFAT, PHD

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Disclaimer

» This presentation provides my personal views, and does not necessarily represent my company’s technology positions

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Outline

1. 4G Technologies

2. 5G Topics

» What is SDN?

» Role of SDN and Cloud in 5G technologies

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Internet has Become an Indispensible Part of Our Lives

Broadband Service Is Now Viewed As A Necessity Not A Luxury

“How do you expect the current economic conditions to impact your communications and entertainment spending habits in the next 12 months?”

Switch to cheaper pay-TV service

Cancel sports/movie channels

Disconnect landline phone service

Subscribe to a bundle (voice/broadband/TV)

Disconnect pay-TV service

Downgrade to slower broadband tier

Cancel HDTV package

Cancel DVR service

Upgrade to faster broadband connection

Disconnect broadband service

10%

9%

9%

6%

4%

4%

3%

3%

3%

2% Source: Jupiter Research Economic Downturn Online Consumer Survey

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Combination of Applications and Devices Result in SignificantlyGreater Data Consumption

FuturePresentPast

30 MB/Mo. 1 GB/Mo. 15 GB/Mo.

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Mobile Broadband Data Traffic worldwide forecast

ExaByte 1,000,000,000,000,000,000

PetaByte 1,000,000,000,000,000

TeraByte 1,000,000,000,000

GigaByte 1,000,000,000

MegaByte 1,000,000

KiloByte 1,000

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1G to 4G

Technology Generation

Requirements Comments

1G No official ITU requirementsAnalog Technology

Deployed in 1980’s

2G No official ITU requirements.Digital Technology

First Digital system, deployed in 1990’s. New services such as SMS, and low-rate data. Primary technologies include IS-95 CDMA and GSM

3G ITU’s IMT-2000 required 144Kbps mobile, 384bps pedestrian, and 2Mbps indoors

Primary technologies include CDMA2000 1X/EV-DO, UMTS, HSDPA, WiMAX, and LTE Rel 8 are now official IMT-2000 technologies

4G ITU’s IMT-Advanced requirements include ability to operate in up to 40MHz radio channels and with very high spectral efficiency

IEEE802.16m and LTE-Advanced were adopted as IMT-Advanced technologies

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Why 4G?

4G is needed to accommodate huge traffic growth

Traffic rising /

growth falling

Compared to 2G and 3G, Mobile broadband is gaining momentum from widespread

3.5G deployments, flat rate tariffs, and availability of internet friendly mobiles.

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Network Architecture Evolution

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LTE Components

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Carrier Aggregation

Component Carrier (CC)

Band x Band y

//

(a)

(b)

(c)

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Heterogeneous Network & Carrier Aggregation.

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LTE Future Releases

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Small Cell Enhancement

• Large Bandwidth

Needed

• Low Mobility

• Rich Scattering

• Low Multi-Path

Delay Spread

• Discontinuous

Coverage

• High Degree Of

Isolation Between

Cells

Requirements

• PHY• New transmission technology, e.g. NCT, dynamic TDD,

256QAM, New Multiple Access Mode

• Denser Network: • HetNet, Multi-Type/Easy-to-deploy Nodes for

Indoor/Hotspot, e.g. Pico & Femto.

• Larger Bandwidth: • Expand to higher frequency bands for larger bandwidth

• Higher Layer Aspects• Signaling And Procedure Optimizations, e.g. Access,

Paging Procedure

• Mobility Enchantement, e.g. LTE-Hi Node Detection

• SON for LTE-Hi

Features

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Inter-Cell CoMP

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Device to Device

• LTE Direct• Proximity-based applications and

services • low power, autonomous discovery

of instances of applications and services running in close-by devices

• Optimized direct communication • public safety• Network offloading

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5G Evolution

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5G Requirements

» No local or standard body has been assigned to characterize 5G requirements.

» Expectation: A disruptive change to the existing 4G technologies, with standardization anticipated to occur between 2016 and 2018, followed by initial deployments around 2020.

» 3G & 4G Requirements: demand for data services over the Internet. » 5G Requirements:

» high capacity voice and data applications» support new emerging traffic types and data services» machine to-machine (M2M) communications for vertical market applications

such as smart grid, smart homes and cities, and e-health. » Energy- efficiency and Green communications» Heterogeneous Networks

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5G Paths: Evolution & Revolution

The 5G Mission and Evolution

• Security• Mobility/LTE• Domain Name Services

• Hypervisor/Cloud ubiquity• Multi-tenancy, all-active • Identity access management

• Traffic management• Optimization• Acceleration

1

2

3

Deliver the most secure, fast,

and reliable applications to anyone anywhere at any

time

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Three-Dimension Capacity Improvement

Dimension Feasible Technologies

Spectrum efficiency

• Interference management and traffic adaptation (IMTA)• Multiple antennas (MIMO) / Massive MIMO / Smart

antenna

Spectrum extension

• New Carrier Type (NCT) • Carrier aggregation (CA) • TV white space • Visible Light Communication (VLC) • Cognitive Radio (CR)

Network configuration & optimization

• Small cell deployment (relay / backhaul) • Efficient machine type communication (MTC) • Direct communication (D2D) • Self-organizing network (SON) • Heterogeneous network (HetNet) • Software-defined network (SDN)

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Some of Proposed 5G Features

» Network Densification

» Energy efficient networks;» Lowering transmission power and reducing the energy consumption

per site

» Cloud RAN;

» Higher frequency spectrum, high bandwidth;» the need to deploy higher bandwidth, while increasing the number of

antennas per site, though with reduced antenna sizes

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Some of Proposed 5G Features

» Massive MIMO antenna technology;

» Device centric communications

» re-directing the traffic loads from central towers and backhaul

» Machine to Machine (M2M) communications;

» RAN sharing

» Separation of Data and Control Paths

» Software Define Networking

» Spectrum Sharing

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Network Densification

» Significantly increasing the number deployed base stations, while reducing the load and transmission power per site.

» The use of heterogonous networks (HetNet) and the employment of small cell concepts;

» Three Paths » spatial densification, » spectral aggregation, » backhaul densification

++

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SLog

n

WmCR 12

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Cloud RAN

Full Centralization Partial Centralization

Centralizing the base band units, and therefore lowering the structural loading per tower

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RAN Sharing

Antenna A

Antenna B

Equipment Cabinet B

Equipment Cabinet A

Operator Core A

Operator Core B

Tower or mast Sharing MOCN Network Sharing in LTE

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Software Defined Network

» In 2007 seminal research papers propose decoupling forwardingplane (physical infrastructure) and control plane

» Routers no longer decide but only classify entering flow» Action decided by a remote central entity : “controller” » Flow: set of packets with same characteristics (among 12-tuple

header’s field) » Communication between devices and controller via OpenFlow

protocol

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Traditional Network of Switches & Routers

Distributed algorithm running between neighbors

complicated task-specific distributed algorithms

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Software Defined Network

Control Program

Network Operating System

Global Network

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5G Network Intelligence

» Network Intelligence with Cloud Computing

» Network Intelligence for traffic offload

» Network Intelligence for converged network management

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SDN for WiFi

» WLAN has a limited throughput and aresensitive to congestion

» Global performance is disappointing when theuser is used to wired LAN

» Multimedia content is tailored for Ethernet LANs

» Solution at the signal level: MIMO» Solution at the packet level: duplicate the

packet and send it through different paths» Requires a multi-interface terminal» Can work across technologies (e.g. Wi-Fi and

LTE smartphone)

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SDN for WiFi – Cross Layer Optimization

» Multimedia flows are sometimes composed of different types of frames

» Example: MPEG flow» I-Frames: full images» P-Frames: “predicted” images (contains only differences

from the previous image)» B-Frames: “bi-directionnal predicted” images (differences

between the previous & the next images)

» Loss or delay does not have the same effect on all types of frames

» Where SDN can help» Transmit I-Frames on the best channel, P and B frames on

the other» Adapt video quality to network conditions (filter detail frames,

...) © Copyright, Eogogics Inc, 2012 | (703) 281-3525 * www.eogogics.com

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Cloud RAN for WiFi

© Copyright, Eogogics Inc, 2012 | (703) 281-3525 * www.eogogics.com

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Software Defined Networks For Wireless

» What are software-defined networks (SDN): Common themes» Separate control and data plane» Open and programmable Controller» Vendor-agnostic (interoperable) hardware» Tailoring network Performance to applications» Self-Organizing (SoN)» Cloud Delivery» Data-driven» Dynamically optimized» Seamless network handoff

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Wireless SDN Architecture

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Wireless SDN Architecture

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LTE SON Procedure

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SDN for LTE: HetNet SON

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Summary

» New Trends in the world of Communications: social networking, cloudcomputing and storing, video sharing, together with mobile computing

» 30 fold increase in capacity plus additional services to enhance the userexperience is required.

» 5G: a disruptive change» increase the capacity, » support variety of services and applications, » meet the requirement of different device types.

» SDN and Cloud is aimed to provide high efficiency in upcoming 5G networks

Masoud.olfat@gmail.com

MASOUD OLFAT, PHD