settlement in spain
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8/3/2019 Settlement in Spain
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KEY WORDScasero:isolated rural home, or farm,
with additional buildings (granaries,
stables, etc.), surrounded by fields
of crops or pastures
rural exodus or rural-urbanmigration: migration from the
country to the city, which leaves
many villages semi-abandoned
rural tourism: type of tourism in
which tourists visit the countryside
to enjoy the natural environment
Settlement in Spain
In Spain, urban settlement predominates. 78.6% of the Spanish
population lives in cities.
Rural settlement
Dispersed settlement (hamlets, caseros) is characteristic of the northof the Peninsula.
Nucleated settlement is predominant in rural areas. However, there aredifferences depending on the geographical zone:
In the Duero river basin and the Ebro valley, villages tend to be
small and close to each other.
In the south of the Peninsula, the Mediterranean are and the
Balearic Islands, villages are bigger and farther apart.
Rural settlement in Spain has seen the following changes:
Some villages in mountain areas and the interior ofthe Peninsula, whichhad become depopulated because ofrural exodus, have now been
revitalized thanks to rural tourism and the arrival ofimmigrant families.
Villages in coastal areas, which used to be dedicated to fishing oragriculture, have been converted into tourist towns.
Many villages close to big cities have taken on urban functions(residential, industrial, services, etc.) and become part of the
metropolitan area of the city.
Alcorcn, a settlement near Madrid, was a village in 1959 (on the left) and is now a large city (on the right).
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KEY WORDS
services: economic activities that do not
produce goods, but provide services to
meet the needs ofthe population; they
include economic activities like
commerce, transport, tourism, health
services, cultural and educational
services, etc.
Spanish cities are ranked in a hierarchy according to the following categories:
Category Inhabitants Functions Sphere of
influence
Cities
Nationalmetropolis
more than4.9 million
multiple:political,
economic,cultural, etc.
national andinternational
Madrid,Barcelona
Regionalmetropolis
betwee n500000 and1600000
varied: political,commercial,cultural, etc.
regional, withdirec trelationshipwith nationalmetropolis
metropolitanareas ofValencia,Alicante,Sevilla, Bilbao,Mlaga andZaragoza
Subregionalmetropolisorsecondaryregional
metropolis
betwee n250000 and500000
less divers ified;but withspecializedservices
regional Murcia, Palmade Mallorca,Valladolid,Crdoba, etc.
Medium-sized cities
between50000 and250000
administrative,commerci al, etc.
provincial Burgos,Alb acete,Badajoz, etc.
Small cities less than50000
few district Plasencia,Mieres, etc.
These are the characteristics ofthe Spanish urban network:
The majority of large and medium-sized cities are in coastal areas, although there aresome important cities in the interior of the Peninsula.
The network is dominated by the metropolitan areas ofMadrid and Barcelona.
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Madrid Barcelona
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Example
Madrid, Barcelona
5Complete the chart.
Look at the photo and answer the questions.
Activities
lAre the following statements true or false? Correct the falseones.
a) In Spain, rural settlement is more important than urban
settlement.
b) In the Duero river basin, villages are usually small and close
together.
c) Many villages in coastal areas have been converted into
tourist towns.
2Look at the photo. Readthe description and write themistakes that you can see. Use these words: traditional, village,
wood, narrow, houses, old woman, stick, bucket.
Candelario (Salamanca)
3Read the text and answer the questions.
From San Francisco Square, in the centerofJan, we walk overto CervantesSquare, whose arches remind usof the old city prison
thatwashere before. On Los Caos Square, we stop and admire the
Carnicera Building and theancient fountain. Attheend of Milln de
Priego Street, wecomeacross partofthe oldcity wall;followingthe
wall, wecome outon MagdalenaSquare. From there, wecanenjoy
some wonderfulviewsof the castle.
www.aytojaen.es
a) Which part of the city is described in the text?
b) What types of tourist attractions or monuments are
mentioned?
c) Have you ever visited Jan? Would you like to? Explain whyIwhy not.
Madrid
a) Which urban zone does the photo show?
b) What functions does this zone normally have and what types
of building can we find there?
c) Describe the buildings in the photo with these words: tall,
modern, steel, glass, floors.
d) What do you think is inside the buildings?
e) What is the tallest building you have ever visited? How many
floors does it have? Where is it? What was the reason for
your visit?
Category
National metropolis =
Regional metropolis =
Sub-regional metropolis =Medium-sized city =
Small city =
Settlement
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e) An urban plan is a graphic representation of
the distribution of built-up areas and open
spaces.
f) Most villages in mountain areas in Spain are uninhabited
now.
e) There are two cities at the top of the hierarchy of Spain's
urban network.
5What are the differences between dispersed
and nucleated settlements? Where in Spain canwe find each type?
1 Identify the mistakes in these sentences.
Correct them.
a) The construction of skyscrapers became possible
thanks to the use of wood and titanium.
b) Population growth in the 19th century made the
construction of skyscrapers impossible.
c) In the year 1875, the tallest building in New York
was the Singer Building. It was 118 m tall.
d) The island of Manhattan did not have the right
physical conditions for the construction of
skyscrapers.
e) The Singer Building was the head office of a
company that manufactured cement.
f) The Singer Building, constructed in 1911, was 187 m
tall.
2 Correct the names of these urban spaces.
a)Nurbactiono
b)Galpomelois
c)Trolimeponat raea
3Complete the definitions below of the urban spaces inactivity 2. Use these words: main,joining, several, smaller,
close, and continuous.
a) urban area formed by a ________ city, called ametropolis, and other ____________ nearby urban nuclei
b) large, almost _______ rurban area, formed by the___of
two or more cities that are to each other, but in which each
city maintains its administrative independence.
c) large urban area formed by joining _________
conurbations
Now match the urban spaces to the definitions.
4 Are the following statements true or false? Correct the
false ones.
a) The largest part of the world population lives in
rural settlements.
b) The majority of the Spanish population Iives in
cities.
6 Write a short description comparing the photos of
a village and a city.
Village and City
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7 Read the text and answer the questions.
Rural homesinSpain
In Spain we can distinguish different types of rural
homes, depending on the materials they are made of:
Stonehouses (slate, granite, etc.) are mostly foundin the
mountainous peripheryof the Peninsula and in some
mountainous areas of theinterior.
Mud or adobehouses are characteristicofthe centerofthe
Peninsula and the vegetable garden regions of Valencia
and Murcia.
Wooden or mixed houses(wood andstone or mud) can be
found in the rural areas of the Montes Vascos, Sistema
Central andSistema Ibrico.
a) Look up these materials: slate, granite, mud, adobe.
b) Why do you think stone houses are characteristic of
mountain areas?
c) Describe the house in the photo with these words: roof,
walls, adobe, straw, small, pointed, white.
A typical adobe house (barraca) in the Comunitat Valenciana
8 Which part of a modern Spanish city does this photo
illustrate? Do you recognise the city?
9 Listen and complete the description of the photo
There is a large Gothic _______, possibly a cathedral,
in the city centre, with pointed _________and many
arches. At the front, to the left, we can see a _________ o
There are some cars on the square. Behind the
square there are lots of __________ , though they don't
have many ______.
Pag. 3.2.
This photo shows a modern, wide street in a city.
The houses are made of bricks and concrete and they all have three or more floors.
There are some shops as well.
There is a young man walking down the street, carrying a shopping bag.Pag. 6.9.
square
floors towers
blocks of flats
church
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