series lecture on laser plasma physics
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Series Lecture on Laser Plasma Physics
Professor, Institute of Laser Engineering andSchool for Physics and School for Space and Earth Science,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan
Visiting Professor, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
H. Takabe (Aki)
at Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityJune 27&28, July 4&5, 2009
1
Chapter 1
Introduction
2
1.1 Self-introduction
3
4
Creation of Mimic Black Hole in LaboratoryILE OSAKA
Takabe-G: Laser Astrophysics (1)
Black Hole Experimental Data
Black Hole
Neutron Star
Photo-ionization in X-ray Binary with Black Hole
Universe
Laboratory
Radiation Temperature of 0.5 keV has been achieved.
5
Challenging 100 year-standing mystery of Cosmic Ray = Collisionless Shock Physics = ILE OSAKA
Averaged Density
Self-Generated E and B fields
Space
Shock Jump
30 Li
ght
Year
s
Shock Front
Collisionless Shock Formation by Self-Organization (Kato-Takabe Theory)
Density
Universe
Laboratory
SN1006
Takabe-G: Laser Astrophysics (2)
6
1.2 High-Power Laser
Maiman (1960)
Ruby Laser
7
Early Stage of Laser for Inertial Confinement Fusion in Livermore, USA
8
What is laser?
9
Laser Welding
10
Gekko XII Laser, Osaka Univ.
ILE, Osaka University
Gekko Amplifiers
Big Laser Facilities
Nonlinear Optics
Harmonic Conversion with Nonlinear Crystal
Shorter Wavelength is better for Laser Plasma Interaction
11
12
What is Plasma ?1.3 Plasmas
Solid Liquid Gas
Plasmas
13
14
15
1.4 Plasmas in Nature and LifeLightening
16
17
How gamma-ray appears accompanied with lightening
18
19
Solar Flare
20
21
Plasmas
22
Corona Mass Ejection
23
Aurora
24
Plasmas
藤井旭、「星のたんじょう」(金の星社)
1.5 Plasmas in Universe
25
26
27
28
Planetary Nebula(Hour Glass Nebula)
Hubble Space Telescope(NASA)
29
30
Supernova Explosion
31
Crab Nebula and Neutron Star
Quark Gluon PlasmaBefore collision After collision
中性子星
ビッ
グバ
ン
32
Structure of SunSurface : 6000K
Center:1.5keV 33
Convection near the surface of the Sun
34
35
Temperature Density
36
37
38
Lorentz force and gyro motion
)( Bvvq
dtdm
Bvqvmc
2
mBqv
Bqmv
ccc
1.6 How to describe Plasmas
39
Drift motion
)( BvEvq
dtdm
BB'BvEE' E
)'''(' BvEv
qdtdm
2EE B0 BEvBvEE'
40
Maxwell Equations
E Bt
10
B j 0Et
0E
B 0
Faraday’s Law
Ampere’s Law
Poisson Equation
Absence of Magnetic Monopole
41
42
Hydrodynamic Equationsnt
(nu) 0
mt
u
u 1nP q E u B
mdudt
1nP q E u B
ddt
PdVdt
dQdt
Continuity
Motion
Energy
0)n(t
nii
i u
BuEuu
iiii
iii e)Tn(n1
tm
0)n(t
nee
e
u
BuEuu
eeee
eee e)Tn(n1
tm
ei en-en=
eeii en-en= uuj
t
BE
t1
00
EjB
E0
0 B
Ion Fluid
Electron FluidMaxwell Equations
Charge and Current Densities
Basic Equations for Plasma Fluid Model
43
44
Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906)Suicide in 1906
S = -k ln W
Boltzmann wrote in1898 “I am conscious of being only an individual struggling weakly against the stream of time.” Increasingly subject to depressions, Boltzmann committed suicide in 1906 only shortly before Perrin’s experiment on Brownian motion (1908) and Mililan’s oil-drop experiment (1909) provided very direct evidence for the discrete structure of matter.
(Statistical Physics, Berkeley Phys. 5)P. 162
45
Boltzmann Equationdfdt
ft
drdt
fr
dvdt
fv
dfdt
coll
drdt
vdvdt
Fm
ft
vfr
Fm
fv
dfdt
coll
f(t,r,v): Velocity distribution function
Vlasov Equation
46
From Particle Image to Fluid Image
(Particles) (Ensembles)
(Phase Space)
(Distribution Func.)(Real Space)
(Moment Eqs.)
[CE expansion]
[Velocity moments]
(Fluid Eqs.)
[E.A.]
47
Fokker-Planck Equation
48
),,(),(),(),,(),,(1WWWW
rtrtrtrtrttc
III
III
xtc1
IIII
rrtc)1(1 2
Radiation Transport Equation
49
Hamiltonian for N-electron system
How to solve:MCHF, HF, Para-potential MethodOPAL at LLNL 50
Rate Equations
51
Appendix A
Historical Events of
Plasma Physics
52
53
Appendix B
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
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