semester exam study game

Semester Exam Study Game

5 Point Questions

1st question is for your # 4s

# 1Which color star has the most amount of

energy?

a) Redb) Orangec) Whited) Blue

# 1 AnswerWhich color star has the most amount of energy?

a) Redb) Orangec) Whited) Blue

**Make sure you know WHY! *Blue waves are closer together, which means a short wavelength and higher frequency (which means MORE energy!)

**Also remember we only SEE color (visible light) because the wavelengths are the perfect length to be seen and processed by our brains. All other types of electromagnetic radiation has wavelengths that are too long or short to be seen.

# 3s…you’re up next

# 2 What does color tell us about a star?

A. The star’s temperatureB. The star’s distance from EarthC. The star’s ageD. The star’s size

# 2 Answer

# 1s or 5s…you’re up next

What does color tell us about a star?

A. The star’s temperatureB. The star’s distance from EarthC. The star’s ageD. The star’s size

Color is a visual representation of temperature. ROYGBIV (coolest to hottest due to the amount of energy).

# 3What is a light year?

a. The time it takes light to travel in 1 year.b. The time it takes to travel 1 astronomical unit.c. The distance light travels in 1 year.d. The distance of 1 AU.

# 3 AnswerWhat is a light year?

a. The time it takes light to travel in 1 year.b. The time it takes to travel 1 astronomical unit.c. The distance light travels in 1 year.d. The distance of 1 AU.Light Years are used to measure distance between galaxies.

AUs are better used for distances between planets in a solar (planetary system) and Parsecs are for larger, universal distances.

*Make sure you know what this means for the size of our galaxy (old quiz). …how long it takes for light to travel across our galaxy.

2s…you’re up next

# 4What determines the path a star takes

(Stellar Cycle—when it begins to die)

A. The shape of the starB. The luminosity of the starC. The size or mass of the starD. The distance away from the sun

# 4 AnswerWhat determines the path a star takes (Stellar Cycle—

when it begins to die)

A. The shape of the starB. The luminosity of the starC. The size or mass of the star (Small, Medium, and

Massive stars all die differently)D. The distance away from the sun**Large (and hot) stars have the shortest lifespan.You WILL need to know the life cycle of small, large,

and massive stars. Beginning (nebula) to end…Next up….3s.

#5 QuestionWhich two Earth spheres are

interacting if a lightning strike were to start a forest fire?

A.Atmosphere and biosphereB.Biosphere and hydrosphereC.Atmosphere and geosphereD.Hydrosphere and biosphere

#5 AnswerWhich two Earth spheres are interacting if a

lightning strike were to start a forest fire?A.Atmosphere and biosphereB.Biosphere and hydrosphereC.Atmosphere and geosphereD.Hydrosphere and biosphere

Next up 1s

#6 Question• Amy wants to buy new tires for her bike. She

wants to find out if the size of the wheels will affect how far she can coast on her bike. She is curious to see if the thickness of the tires affects how far she can coast. She decided to compare two brands of tires. She uses a small, thick tire and a large, thin tire. She designs an experiment with 5 trials per tire so it is accurate. She finds the large tire lets her coast longer. Is this a valid test? Why or why not?

#6 Answer• Amy wants to buy new tires for her bike. She wants to find out if

the size of the wheels will affect how far she can coast on her bike. She is curious to see if the thickness of the tires affects how far she can coast. She decided to compare two brands of tires. She uses a small, thick tire and a large, thin tire. She designs an experiment with 5 trials per tire so it is accurate. She finds the large tire lets her coast longer. Is this a valid test? Why or why not?

• NOT VALID!!!!! TWO variables!!!! Size and Thickness of the tire are different on both tires. It is not possible to determine if size or thickness was the variable that affected coasting times.

• Up nexts….2s

#7 QuestionTwo students are planning an experiment to determine

the effect of the temperature on the number of cricket chirps per minute. They used two identical containers. What is the test (independent) variable and the outcome (dependant) variable in this experiment?

A)Test = # of crickets, Outcome = temperatureB)Test = containers, Outcome = temperatureC)Test = # of cricket chirps, Outcome = temperatureD)Test = temperature, Outcome = # of cricket chirps per

minute

#7 AnswerTwo students are planning an experiment to determine the effect of

the temperature on the number of cricket chirps per minute. They used two identical containers. What is the test (independent) variable and the outcome (dependant) variable in this experiment?

A)Test = # of crickets, Outcome = temperatureB)Test = containers, Outcome = temperatureC)Test = # of cricket chirps, Outcome = temperatureD)Test = temperature, Outcome = # of cricket chirps per minute

**Answer

#4s up next

#8 Question According to Scientists who support the

Big Bang Theory (Remember, theories are explanations, strongly supported by evidence that can be used to make predictions) believe the universe began

A.4.6 BYAB.13.7 BYAC.49.6 BYAD.130 BYA

#8 Answer According to Scientists who support the Big Bang Theory (Remember,

theories are explanations, strongly supported by evidence that can be used to make predictions) believe the universe began

A.4.6 BYAB.13.7 BYA **AnswerC.49.6 BYAD.130 BYA4.6 BYA is the proposed age of our solar system (nebular theory,

which is the theory our SS formed from remnants of a dead massive star) ***Honors make sure to review question from old tests on evidence of the Big Bang.

10 Point Questions

1st question is for your # 3s

# 1What was Copernicus’ contribution to

Astronomy?

# 1 AnswerWhat was Copernicus’ contribution to Astronomy?

Copernicus was the scientist who first believed that the Sun was the center of the solar system, not the Earth AND that all the objects in our solar system revolve around the sun.

Galileo also helped confirm this with his trusty telescope!

**This is known as the heliocentric model. What did scientists believe before this?

# 4s or 5s…you’re up next

# 2Describe our sun. Color, Temperature (not exact, just

compare), Size, Stage of stellar evolution.

*How does it get its energy?

# 2 AnswerOur sun is yellow (due to temperature!!!),

Average temperature (between 5,000 and 6,000 degrees), it is a medium size star, and it is in its main-sequence stage (middle of its life)

*It gets its energy from nuclear fusion in its core (fusing hydrogen to put out helium).

# 1s…..you’re up next

#3The H-R Diagram shows the relationship between

a.Absolute and apparent magnitudeb.Parallax (distance) and temperaturec.Apparent magnitude and luminosityd.Temperature and absolute magnitude

#3 The H-R Diagram shows the relationship between

a.Absolute and apparent magnitudeb.Parallax (distance) and temperaturec.Apparent magnitude and luminosityd.Temperature and absolute magnitude

*Note--Absolute magnitude and luminosity are BOTH measures of TRUE brightness

**Make SURE you can read this diagram. **Remember, stages in life are seen here too.

# 2s…..you’re up next

#4If two stars have the same surface

temperature, BUT they appear to have a difference in brightness, what is a possible reason for this difference?

#4 Answer If two stars have the same surface

temperature, BUT they appear to have a difference in brightness, what is a possible reason for this difference?

These stars are different DISTANCES from Earth OR they are different SIZES.

# 3s…..you’re up next

# 5You have just witnessed a full moon.

Which phase follows this in the days to come?

A. Waxing GibbousB. Waning GibbousC. Waxing CrescentD. Waning Crescent

# 5 AnswerYou have just witnessed a full moon. Which

phase follows this in the days to come? A. Waxing GibbousB. Waning GibbousC. Waxing CrescentD. Waning Crescent

# 2s or 5s you’re up!

Make sure you can identify the moon’s phases based on the diagram below. *Where would eclipses occur? Can you relate tides to these phases?

#6The visible surface of the sun is called

the a.Chromosphereb.Coronac.Photosphered.Core

#6 AnswerThe visible surface of the sun is called the a.Chromosphere-Layer along with the corona

that make up the atmosphere of the sun, can be seen during an eclipse.

b.Corona-can be seen during an eclipse along with the chromosphere

c. Photosphered.Core-where nuclear fusion is occuring

*Number 2s

# 7 What is true about the relative

distance between the planets?a. The terrestrial planets are relatively close

togetherb. The gas giants are relatively close togetherc. The terrestrial planets are relatively close

together, and the gas giants are further apart.

d. The gas giants are relatively far apart and so are the terrestrial planets.

# 7 AnswerWhat is true about the relative distance

between the planets?a. The terrestrial planets are relatively close togetherb. The gas giants are relatively close togetherc. The terrestrial planets are relatively close together,

and the gas giants are further apart. **Remember Kepler’s Laws though! The further away from the sun, gravity decreases and revolution increases.

d. The gas giants are relatively far apart and so are the terrestrial planets.

# 3s…..you’re up next

#8Draw a picture showing the

POSITIONING of the moon during a New Moon phase (you must include the moon, earth, and sun)

#8 AnswerDraw a picture showing the POSITIONING of the

moon during a New Moon phase (you must include the moon, earth, and sun)

Earth Moon Sun

Give board to your choice #

# 9 The last question—New moon would result in the GREATEST or LEAST Tidal Range---WHICH means we would see WHICH Type of TIDE?

# 6 answer The last question—New moon would result in the GREATEST or LEAST Tidal Range---WHICH means we would see WHICH Type of TIDE? GREATEST tidal range (greatest

difference between high and low tides) THIS IS A SPRING TIDE!

**Know NEAP too!

20 Point Questions

1st Question is for your 1s

# 1 How do the orbital paths of objects in the solar system differ?

• Not every object takes the same path around the sun---all Planets travel (in ellipses) on one plane---the moon travels around the earth in another plane (a different tilt)

Next question is for # 4s

# 1 answer How do the orbital paths of objects in the solar system differ?

# 2In the night sky, there appears to be a VERY bright

object. When you look closely with a telescope (thanks to Galileo), you notice there are actually TWO stars. This is called a __________________. Together, describe the absolute magnitude of EACH star, compared to the apparent magnitude of the two together.

# 2 AnswerIn the night sky, there appears to be a VERY bright object.

When you look closely with a telescope (thanks to Galileo), you notice there are actually TWO stars. This is called a Binary Star System or MULTIPLE Star system. Together, describe the absolute magnitude of EACH star, compared to the apparent magnitude of the two together.

The absolute magnitude of each star is less than the total absolute magnitude of the system. Together, they appear very bright, but in fact they are dimmer on their own.

# 3s you’re up next

# 3Why do we only ever see the same

side of the moon?

# 3 Answer

# 2s…you’re up next

The moon is rotating and revolving at the same rate (every 27.3 days). Because the sun’s light reflects off the surface of the moon, we only see the side that is facing us (earth).

# 4Describe some of the

characteristics of the sun that show it is quite an active star!

# 4 AnswerDescribe some of the characteristics of the

sun that show it is quite an active star!

Sun spots—dark patches with a lower temperature than its surroundings. *Galileo watched these to prove the sun rotates on its axis.

Prominences—Arcs of gas with the potential to turn into a flare.

Solar Flare-Explosive events which can drastically affect our magnetic field (bye bye technology!)

# 4s…you’re up next

# 5 What causes the phases of the moon?

# 5 AnswerWhat causes the phases of the moon? The moon reflects the light of the sun.

Depending on where the moon is in its orbit, we see different amounts of this reflected light.

# 2s or 5s you’re up next

# 6Look at the HR diagram.

Describe the stars at letters B and C.

# 6 Answer

B—Red Giants--- Very BRIGHT, yet relatively cool. They are LARGE which makes them luminous.

C—White Dwarfs—Very HOT, hotter than our sun, but relatively dim. They are SMALL, which makes them dimmer than most stars.

# 3s or 5s you’re up next!

# 7Look at the HR diagram.

Describe the stars at letters A and D.

# 7 AnswerLook at the HR diagram.

A—VERY hot and VERY bright. They are BLUE because they have the most energy…will most likely die in a SUPERnova.

D—Main Sequence stars. Where the letter is, the stars of average temp. and brightness. Our sun is found here.

# 1s You’re Up!

#8What is the difference between absolute magnitude, apparent magnitude and luminosity. Give examples.

#8 Answer• What is the difference between absolute

magnitude, apparent magnitude and luminosity.

Luminosity and absolute magnitude are both measures of TRUE brightness due to a set standard distance.

Apparent magnitude is a measure how bright stars look from earth. Stars can APPEAR much brighter than they actually are (absolute).

25 Point Questions

FOR THE GROUP

# 1What are the stages of a stars life?

Begin by listing the 3 stages that all stars share, then list what will happen to a small sized star, a medium mass star and a massive star.

# 1 AnswerAll stars begin their life as a Nebula (a cloud of gas and dust). Next, that cloud begins to spin and clump together—Protostar. Nuclear fusion occurs and the star stabilizes (Main Sequence-Our sun). NEXT, depends on size:

Small Medium Massive RED GIANT RED SUPER GIANT *Fusion slows and the stars begin to cool and expand. Since they are cooler, they glow red. PLANETARY NEBULA SUPERNOVA *Outer shell of Red Giant *Massive explosion blown off leaving the core VERY bright

WHITE DWARF WHITE DWARF BLACK HOLE*Small Dense, yet still very hot (but dim) *Everything collapses swallows allBLACK DWARF BLACK DWARF OR Fusion-less rock emitting no light NEUTRON STAR

Not on here, but still know….

Why do we have seasons? Earth’s tilt means unequal heating/direct light.

Make sure you can explain the hierarchy of everything in our universe

• Universe (largest)• Galaxies• Solar Systems• Planets and other bodies• *See board